C H A 
they are all reputed under eight poqnds per annum, ex¬ 
cept the laft, and then by a difpenfation under the lta- 
tute he may hold one more, i Comm. 392. By the forty- 
firft canon of T603, the two benefices nuift not be further 
diltant from- each other than thirty miles; and the per- 
fon obtaining the diljpenlation, muft at leaft be a matter 
of arts in one of the univerfities. But the provifions of 
this canon are not enforced or regarded in the temporal 
courts. 2 Bl. Rep. 968. Alfo every judge of the king’s- 
bencii and common pleas, and chancellor and chief ba¬ 
ron of the exchequer, and the king’s attorney and foli- 
citor-general, may each of them have one chaplain, at¬ 
tendant on his perfon, having one benefice with cure, 
who maybe non-refidenton the fame,by feat.25 Hen.ClII. 
c. 16. And the groom of the Hole, treai'urer of the king's 
chamber, and chancellor of the duchy of Lancafter, may 
retain each one chaplain. Stat. 33 Hen. Fill c. 28. But 
the chaplains under thel'e two laft ftatutes, are not enti¬ 
tled to difpenfations under flat. 21 Hen. VIII. If a no¬ 
bleman hath his full number of chaplains allowed by 
latv, and retains one more, who has difpenfation to hold 
plurality of livings, it is not good. Cro Eliz. 723. 
If one perfon has two or more of the titles or charac¬ 
ters mentioned in ftat. 21 Hen. VIH. c. 13, united in 
himfelf, he can only retain the number of chaplains limit¬ 
ed to his higheft degree. 4 Co. 9c. The king may prelent 
his own chaplains, i. e. waiting chaplains in ordinary, to 
any number of livings in the gift of the crown, and even 
in addition to what they hold upon the prefentation of 
allihjeft without difpenfation ; but a king’s chaplain, be¬ 
ing beneficed by the king, cannot afterwards take a liv¬ 
ing front a fubjeft, but by a difpenfation according to the 
ftat. 29. 1 Salk. 161. A perfon retaining a chaplain, muft. 
not only be capable thereof at the time of granting the 
inftrument of retainer, but he mull: continue capable of 
qualifying till his chaplain is advanced: and therefore 
if a duke, earl, &c. retain a chaplain, and die ; or if fuch 
a noble perion be attainted of treafon; or if an officer, 
qualified to retain a chaplain, is removed from his office, 
the retainer is determined : but where a chaplain hath 
taken a fecond benefice before his lord dieth, or is at¬ 
tainted, See. the retainer is in force to qualify him to en¬ 
joy the benefices. And if a woman that is noble by mar¬ 
riage, afterwards marries one under the degree of nobility, 
her power to retain chaplains will be determined ; though 
it is otherwife where a woman is noble by defeent, if Ihe 
marry under degree of nobility, for in fuch cafe her re^ 
tainer before or after marriage is good. A baronefs, &c. 
during the coverture, may not retain chaplains; if fhe 
doth, the lord, her hulband, may difeharge them, as like- 
wife her former chaplains, before their advancement. 
4 Rep. 118. A chaplain muft be retained by letters tef- 
timonial under hand and feal, or he is not a chaplain 
within the ffatute ; fo that it is not enough for a fpiritual 
perfon to be retained by word only to be a chaplain, by 
Inch perfon as may qualify by the ftatutes to hold livings, 
&c. although he abide and ferve as chaplain in the family. 
And where a nobleman hath retailed and thus qualified 
his number of chaplains, if he difmifies them from their 
attendance upon any difpleafure, after they are preferred, 
yet they are hrs chaplains at large, and may held their 
iivings during their lives; and luch nobleman, though 
he may retain other chaplains in his family, merely as 
chaplains, he cannot qualify any others to hold plurali¬ 
ties while the firft are living : for if a nobleman could 
difeharge his chaplain when advanced, to qualify another 
in his place, and qualify other chaplains during the lives 
cf chaplains diicharged, by thefe means he might advance 
as many chaplains as he would, whereby the ftatutes 
would be evaded. 4 Rep. 90. 
CHAP'LA:NSHIP,y. The office or bufinefs of a chap¬ 
lain. The pofleifion or revenue of a chapel. 
CHAP'LESS, adj. Without any flefh about the mouth: 
Shut me nightly in a charnel-houfe, 
With reeky lhanks and yellow chaplcfs bones. Shake/. 
C H A 99 
CHAP'LET,/. {chapelet, Fr.] A garland or wreath to 
be worn about the head : 
All the quire was grac’d 
With chaplets green, upon their foreheads plac’d. Drydcn. 
[In architecture.] A little moulding carved into round 
beads, pearls, or olives. [In horfemanfhip.] A couple 
of ltirrnp leathers, mounted each of them with 9 ftirrup, 
and joining at top in a fort of leather buckle, which h> 
called the head of the.chaplet, by which they are fattened 
to the pummel of a faddle, after they have heen admitted to 
the length and bearing of the rider.—A tuft of feathers on 
the peacock’s head.—A firing of heads ufed in the Romilh 
church for keeping an account of the number reheai-lcd 
of paternoHers and ave-marias. A different fort is alio 
uftd by the Mahometans. The invention of religious 
chaplets is aferibed to Peter the hermit, who probably 
learnt it of the Turks, who owed it to the Eaft-Indians. 
Chaplets are fometimes called pater-no/ers ; and are made 
of coral, of diamonds, of wood, See. according to the 
rank and fortune of the owner. The cpmnaon chaplet 
contains fifty ave-marias, and five pater-nofters. There 
is alio a chaplet of our Saviour, confiding of thirty-three, 
beads, in honour of his thirty-three years refidence on 
earth, inftituted by father Michael the Camaldufian. 
The Oriental chaplets are a kind of chains, which they 
ule in their prayers, rehearfing one of the perfections of 
God on each link or head. The Great Mogul is laid to 
have eighteen of thefe chains, all in precious ftones ; 
fome diamonds, others rubies, pearls, &c. The Turlys 
have chaplets, which they bear in the hand, or hang at 
the girdle : but father Dandini obferves, they differ from 
thole ufed by the Romanifts, in that they are all of the 
fame bignefs, and have not that diftinftion into decads, 
though they confift of iixty heads. He adds that the 
Muffuimans run ever the chaplet almoft in an inftant, the 
prayers being extremely Ihorf, containing only thefe 
words, “ praiie to God,” or “ glory to God,” lor each 
bead. Belides the common chaplet they have a larger 
one, confiding of a hundred beads, divided by little 
threads into three parts; on one of which they repeat 
thirty times foubban Allah, i. e. <! God is. worthy to be 
prailed;” on another, ellamb Allah, “glory be to God;” 
and on the third, Allah ccher, “ God is great.” Thefe 
thrice thirty times making only ninety ; to complete the 
hundredth, they add other prayers for the beginning of 
the chaplet. He adds that the Mahometan chaplet 
appears to have had its rile from the mea beracoth, or 
“ hundred benedictions ;” which the jews are obliged to 
repeat daily, and which we find in their prayer-books; 
the Jews and Mahometans having this in common, that 
they fcarcely do any thing without pronouncing fome 
formula or benediction. 
CHAP'MAN,/. [ceapman, Saxon.] A cheapner; one 
that offers as a purchafer : 
Fair Diamede, .you do as chapmen do, 
Difpraife the thing that you intend to buy. Shakefpeare, 
CHAP'MAN (George), born in 1557, was a man 
highly celebrated for his dramatic writings and poetry. 
In 1574 he was lent to'one of the univerfities, where he 
attained a liberal'education. After this he went to Lon¬ 
don, and became intimate with Shakefpeare, Johnlon, 
Sidney, Spenfer, and'Daniel. Sir Thomas Waliingham 
was his patron, and after him his fon. He was alio pa 
tronized by prince Henry, and Robert earl of Somerfetf 
Befides dramatic pieces, Chapman was the author of 
many other works. He tranilated Homer’s Iliad, and 
dedicated it to prince Henry : it is yet looked upon with 
fome refpeCt. He tranilated his Odyffey, which was pub- 
lilhed in 1614, and dedicated it to the earl of Someriet, 
Pope calls him an enthufiaft in poetry. He attempted 
alio fome part of Hefiod, and began a tranilation of 
Mufteus de amoribus Herois et Leandri. He died irv 
1634, aged 77, and was buried at St. Giles’s in the Fields 
after 
