ioS C H A R A 
but is not Teen Tirther north than fifty-four degrees. It 
is called by feme the hen of the fteppes. 
13. Charadrius Afiaticus, the Afiatic plover; a little 
bigger than the ringed plover; bill as in that bird; crown 
of the head, the back, and wings, alh-coloured brown; 
forehead, and fides of the head, white; from thence to 
the middle of the neck ferruginous, bounded by a tranf- 
verfe band of brown ; the reft of the under parts white; 
tail brown, the feathers whitifh on the edges, and tipped 
with black ; legs red. Inhabits the fait lakes of the fouth- 
ern delerts of Tartary, and is a very rare and folitary 
fpecies. 
14. Charadrius Mongolus, the Mongolian plover; 
fize of the dotterel; forehead white, crown black; from 
the bill arifes a ftreak of black, which encircles its white 
throat; the fore part of the neck is ferruginous; breaft 
the fame, but paler; belly white; back cinereous brown. 
Inhabits the fait lakes on the confines of the Mongolian 
country, and is a folitary fpecies. 
15. Charadrius Morinellus, the dotterel; length from 
nine to ten inches; bill lefs than an inch long, and black; 
the forehead is dufky and grey mixed ; over the eye is a 
white band, which bends downwards, and palfes to the 
hind head ; fides of the head and throat white ; the hind 
part of the neck, the back, and wings, greyilh brown ; 
lore part of the neck, cinereous olive, bounded with a 
line of black, and beneath it another of white; the breaft 
and fides of a pale dull orange; tail olive brown, and 
near the end a bar of dufky, the tip white; legs black. 
Thefe birds are common in f'ome parts of England, but are 
notknWn in others; they are plentiful in Cambridgeshire, 
Lincolnfhire, and Derbyfhire. They appear in flocks of 
eight or ten the latter end of April, and ftay all May 
and June, when they grow fat, and are much efteemed 
for the table. In April and September, they are taken 
on the Wiltfhire and Berkfhire downs; they are alfo feen 
on the fea-fide in Lancafhire about three weeks in April; 
from thence they remove northward to Leyton Haws, 
where they ftay about a fortnight; and at the fame time 
are in plenty about Iloldernefs, and upon the Yorkfhire 
wolds. It is probable that they breed in the mountains 
of Cumberland and Weftmoreland, as they appear there 
in May, but are not obferved there after the breeding 
fea’fon. They inhabit the northern parts of Europe, 
where they likewife breed. Linnaeus fays, that they are 
very frequent in Dalecarlia, and the Lapland Alps; and 
that they vifit Sweden in May. They are known to 
breed in the northern parts of Ruffin and Siberia; ap¬ 
pearing fouthward only in their migrations. They are 
very tame, and eafily enticed into a net, or deftroyed by 
the gun. There are two varieties of this fpecies, differ¬ 
ing only in a trifling variation of the plumage. 
16. Charadrius Atricapiilus, the black-crowned plo¬ 
ver; length ten inches; bill an inch long, red,.with the 
end black; head black, furrounded with a circle of white; 
throat white; breaft light afh-coloured brown, divided 
from the belly by a dufky tranfverle line ; back and wing 
coverts, cinereous brown; tail white at the bale, and 
black towards the end; the tip white; legs very long; 
naked an inch above the knees, and of a blood red. It 
chiefly inhabits the province of New York, and has much 
the habit of the European dotterel. 
17- Charadrius Obfcurus, the dufky plover; fomewhat 
larger than a fnipe; bill black; forehead pale reddifn 
white; plumage on the upper part of the bird, and fore 
part of the neck, dufky ; lower part of the neck, bieaft, 
and under parts, yellow oker-colour, with a tinge of red ; 
the neck marked with pale and dufky ftreaks, and tranf- 
verfely mottled on the fides with narrow lines; legs blue. 
Inhabits New Zealand, and found at Dufky Bay. It is 
in the collection of Sir lofeph Banks. 
18. Ciiaradrius Ful\us, the fulvous plover; length 
twelve me lies and a half; bid dufky; the plumage above, 
from the crown of the head to the rump, black, margined 
with fulvous yellow; the forehead and throat dufky white; 
D R I U S. 
breaft fulvous, fpotted with black; the wing-coverts ara 
black, fpotted with fulvous; tail brov.'nifh black, crofted 
with whitifh bands; legs blue. It inhabits the fhores and 
marfhy places of Otaheite, where our late navigators firft 
found it. There is a variety of this fpecies confiderably 
fmaller, but correfponding in every other refpedh 
19. Charadrius Leucogafter, the white-bellied plover; 
length fix inches ; bill one inch; the plumage on the up¬ 
per parts dirty brown; the forehead white; above and 
beneath the eye a ftreak of the fame, and the under part* 
entirely white; fix of the middle tail-feathers brown; 
the outer ones white juft at the tip and bafe; the three 
exterior ones white; legs pale blue. Native country un¬ 
certain. 
20. Charadrius Rubricollis, the red-necked plover; 
length feven inches or more; bill ilefh-coloured, the head 
and neck black; on each fide of the neck a fquare chef- 
nut fpot, the fize of a filver penny, almoft meeting toge¬ 
ther at the back part; the upper part of the body afh- 
colour, with a little mixture of white about the baftard 
wing; the breaft and under parts white; quills and tail 
dufky; legs flefh-colour. Inhabits the South Seas, and 
was found in Adventure Bay, Van Diemen’s Land. 
21. Charadrius Spinofqs, the fpur-winged plover; a- 
bout the fize of the golden plover: bill an inch long, 
and black ; the crown of the head and throat are black, 
palling a little way down the neck before; the hind head 
a little crefted; the back part of the neck, and upper 
part of the body, and fcapulars, reddilh grey; fides of 
the head, and all the under part, from throat to vent, 
yellowifli white, except a crefcent of black on the breaft; 
on the fore part of the wing, juft within the bend, is a 
fpur half an inch in length, a little bent, and black; tail 
yellowifli white, tipped with black. This fpecies inha¬ 
bits the marfhy places of Lower Egypt, in the month of 
September, where it goes by the name of dominican; the 
neck being black, with white fides, is analagous to the 
habit of that order. There is a variety of the fpur-wing¬ 
ed fpecies, very fimilar to the preceding in all refpedl 3 , 
except a trifling variation in the plumage. It inhabits 
Ruftia, and is found near Aleppo, about the liver Coic. 
22. Charadrius Cayanus, or Cayenne plover; in length 
about nine inches; bill one inch ; the back part of the 
head, and nape of the neck, are white, mixed with grey ; 
the fore part and fides black, pafling back to the nape, 
and occupying all the hind part of the neck; and then 
comes forward on the fore part, above the breaft; be¬ 
tween this and the chin it is white; the middle of the 
back and wings is rufous grey ; near the bend of the 
wing is a fliarp bent fpur; fcapulars and quills black; 
the under parts from the breaft white; the bale part of 
the tail is white, the reft black; legs yellowifh. Inha¬ 
bits Cayenne. 
23. Charadrius Pileatus, the hooded plover; fome¬ 
what larger than the preceding; bill yellow, red towards 
the end, and black at the tip ; the forehead covered with 
a carunculated yeilow membrane, pafling round the eyes; 
the head and part of the neck black; the hind head fur- 
nifhed with a few fhort pointed feathers, hanging like a 
iinall creft; beneath this the hind head is white ; the up¬ 
per parts of the body are rufous grey; the under parts 
white, with a few dufky fpots down the fore part of the 
neck; the quills and end of the tail black; legs red. 
Native of Senegal. 
24. Charadrius Coronatus, the wreathed plover; 
twelve inches in length; the bill is red, and towards 
the point dufky; the top of the head black; round the 
crown runs a lift of white, encircling the head like a 
wreath; the hind part of the neck, and upper part of the 
body, are brown, with aglofs of greenifh purple, changing 
with different lights; the fame on the breaft, which is 
marked with a few fpots of black; the neck, as far as 
the breaft, is grey ; the belly white; as are the greater 
coverts; the tail white, with a broad band of black near 
the end. Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope. 
25. Charadrius 
