2 15 C H A 
CHAR'LESTOWN, the only town in the ifland of 
Nevis, one of the Caribbees, belonging to Great-Britain. 
In it are large houfes, and well-furniihed (hops, and it 
is defended by Charles fort. In the parilh of St. John, 
on the fouth fide of the town, is a large fpot of t'ulphu- 
reous ground, at the upper end of a deep chafin in the 
earth, commonly called Sulphur Gut, which is fo hot 
as to be felt through the foies of one’s (hoes. A fmall 
hot river, called the Bath, is thought to proceed from 
this gut ; and, after running half a mile, loies itfelf in the 
lands of the lea. Black-Rock pond, about a quarter of 
a mile north from the town, is milk-warm, owing to the 
mixture of hot and cold l'prings, yet it yields excellent 
filh. A prodigious piece of Nevis mountain, falling in 
an earthquake a few years ago, left a large vacuity, 
which is Hill to be feen. The altitude of this mountain, 
taken by a quadrant from Charleftown bay, is faid to be 
a mile and a half perpendicular; and from the bay to 
the top, four miles. The declivity is very fteep half¬ 
way, but afterwards eafy of afcent. Lat. 16. 55. N, 
Ion. 62. 42. W. 
CHAR'LESTOWN, a townlhip in Maryland, a few 
miles diftant from Elkton, and about thirty from Wil¬ 
mington, chiefly inhabited by people who carry on a 
herring flfliery. Here the country is Angularly diverlified 
with hill and dale ; and the foil being but of an indiffer¬ 
ent quality, the lands are fo little cleared, that in many 
parts the roads wind through uninterrupted wosds for 
many miles together. The l'cenery in this part of North 
America is extremely interefling. From the tops of the 
hills we meet with numberlefs bold and extenlive prof- 
pedts of the Chefapeak bay, and of the Sufquehannah ri¬ 
ver ; and fcarcely do we crofs a valley without beholding, 
in the depths of the woods, many creeks and rivulets 
ruffling over ledges of rocks in beautiful cafcades. Near 
the town is a fmall foundery for cannon, where they are 
bored by water; and the iron is fo extremely tough, that 
very few' of the guns everburft in proving. 
CHAR'LESTOWN, or Ostins, one of the four 
principal towns in the ifland of Barbadoes. 
CHAR'LETON (Walter), a learned phyfician, fon 
of Walter Charleton, redtor of Shepton Mallet in So- 
merfetlhire, born February 2, 1619. He was in 1635 en¬ 
tered at Magdalen-hall, Oxford. He very early applied 
himfelf to Medicine, and had the degree of dodtor con¬ 
ferred on him in February, 1642. Soon after, he was 
made one of the phyficians in ordinary to Charles I. 
Upon the decline of that prince’s affairs, he removed to 
London, was admitted into the college of phyficians, 
and acquired confiderable practice. In the fpace of ten 
years before the relloration, he wrote and publilhed fe- 
veral treatifes on various fubjedts. He became phyfician 
in ordinary to Charles II. while in exile, and retained 
that honour after the king’s return. Upon the founding 
of the royal lbciety, he was made one of its firft mem¬ 
bers. In 1689, he was cholen prefident of the college of 
phyficians. Soon after, the narrownefs of his circum- 
Itances obliged him to retire to the ifland of Jerley, where 
he died in 1707, aged 87. 
CHAR'LETON, a townlhip in Saratoga county, New 
York. By the Hate cenlus of 1796, 268 of its inhabitants 
■were eledtors. 
CHAR'LETON, a townlhip in Worcefter county, 
Maffachufetts, incorporated in 1754, and, until then, 
•formed the wefterly part of Oxford. It is fixty miles 
iouth-weft of Bolton, fifteen fouth-weft of Worcefter, 
..and contains 1965 inhabitants. 
CHAR'LETON ISLAND, or Charles Island, is 
fituated at the bottom of James’s bay, in New South 
Wales, on the coalt of Labrador, and yields a beautiful 
profpedt, in lpring, to thole who are near it, after a 
voyage of three or four months in the moll uncomforta¬ 
ble leas on the globe, and that by the valt mountains of 
ice in Hudlon’s-bay apd ftraights. The whole ifland, 
Jpread with trees and branches, exhibits, as it were, a 
.i 
C H A 
beautiful green tuft. The air, even at the bottom of 
the bay, though in fifty-one degrees, a latitude nearer 
the fun than London, is excefiively cold for nine months, 
and very hot the other three, except on the blowing of a 
north-weft wind. The foil on the eaftfide, as well as the 
weft, bears all kinds of grain; and fome fruits, goofeber- 
ries, ftrawberries, and dewberries, grow about Rupert's 
bay. Lat. 52. 30. N. Ion. 82. W. 
CHARLEVAL' (Charles Faucon de Ry, lord of), was 
born with a very delicate body, and a mind of the fame 
quality. He was fond of polite literature, and gained 
the love of all that cultivated it. His converfation was 
mingled with gentlenefs and ingenuity; which form.the 
character of his writings both in profe and verfe. Scar- 
ron, who was ludicrous in all he laid, fpeaking of the 
delicacy of his genius and tafte, faid, “ that the mules 
had fed him upon blanc-manger and chicken broth.” 
The qualities of his heart relembled thole of his mind. 
Having learnt that M. and madame Dacier were about to 
leave Paris, in order to retrieve their affairs by retire¬ 
ment in the country, he went immediately, and offered 
them ten thoufand francs in gold, and infilled on their 
acceptance of it. By ftridtly adhering to regimen, he 
fpun out his life to the age of 80. The frequent ufe of 
rhubarb heated him fo much, that it brought on a fever. 
The phyficians thought of curing him by copious bleed¬ 
ing, and one of them faid to the reft: “There, the fever 
is now going off.” “I tell you,” replied Thevenot, “ that 
it is not the fever, but the patient, that is going off;” and 
Charleval died in an hour after; which was in 1693. His 
poetical pieces fell into the hands of the prefident de Ry, 
his nephew, who never would confent to publilh them. 
A fmall colledtion however was printed in 1759, nmo. 
Several of his epigrams are frequently quoted. Th# 
converfation of the marech.il d’Horquincourt and father 
Canaye, printed in the works of St. Evremond, a piece 
full of originality and humour, is the compofition of 
Charleval. 
CHARLEVAL', a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Eure, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftridl of Grand Andelis : ten miles fouth-eaft of Rouen. 
CHARLEVIL'LE, a town of France, and principal 
place of a diltridt, in the department of the Ardennes, 
on theMeule, which feparates it from Mezieres, with a 
bridge of communication. It was built in 1660, by Gon- 
zagu, duke of Nevers; and before the revolution be¬ 
longed to the prince of Conde, being exempt from the 
general taxes of the kingdom. 
CHARLEVIL'LE, a borough town of Ireland, in the 
county of Cork: twenty-two miles fouth of Limeric, 
and thirty-one north of Cork. 
CHARLEVOI'X (Peter Fr. Xavier de), a learned 
French jefuit, born at St. Quintin in 1684, and died in 
1761, aged 78, memorable for the hiftories of his travels, 
which were prodigioufly extenlive, and his accounts in 
general are reckoned very good authority. They conlift 
of; 1. Hiftoire du Chriftianifme dans le Japon, nmo. 
9 vols. 1715. 2. Hiftoire et Defcription generale du Ja¬ 
pon, 4-to. 2 vols. 1738, and i2mo. 6 vols. 1754. 3. Hif¬ 
toire de lTlle de St. Dominique, 4to. 2 vols. 1720. 4. 
Hiftoire generale de la Nouvelle France, 4to. 3 vols. 1744, 
and i2mo. 6 vols. 5. Hiftoire generale du Paraguay, 
nmo. 6 vols. 
CHAR'LEY, a town in Lancalhire. See Chorley. 
CHARLIEU', a town of France, in the department 
of the Rhone and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftridl of Roanne •. twelve miles north-weft of Lyons, 
and three north of Roanne. 
CHAR'LOCK,/ in botany. See Sinapis Arvensis. 
CHAR'LOTTE, a confiderable townlhip of the Ame¬ 
rican States, on the eaft fide of Lake Champlain, and on 
the fouth weftermoft in Chittenden county, Vermont. 
Shelburne on the north feparates this town from Burling¬ 
ton. It contains 635 inhabitants. Split Rock, in Lake 
Champlain, lies oppofite this town, 
CHAR'LOTTE 
