C H A 
CIIAU'DEBURG, a village of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Mofelie, celebrated for its medicinal waters, 
near Thionville. 
■CHAU'DES-AIGUES, a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Cantal, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftridt of St. Flour; which takes its name from a 
hot mineral fpring. The principal commerce is in Heins 
and glue : twelve miles fouth of St. Flour. 
CHAUDIE'RE, a river of Canada, which runs into 
the river St. Lawrence, two leagues above Quebec. 
CHAUDRON', a town of France, in the department 
of the Mayne and Loire : 15 miles fouth-weft of Angers. 
CHA'VENDER,/. [cbevefne, Fr.] The chub-fllh. See 
Cyprinus. —Theie are a choice bait for the chub, or 
cbanjender, or indeed any great fifli. Walton. 
CHA'VES, a towm of Portugal, in the province of Tra- 
los-Montes, near the confines of Spain, defended by a 
caftle, walls, and baftions, fituated on theTamega, and 
founded by the emperor Trajan : feveral veftiges exift of 
its ancient magnificence. This town was taken by the 
Spaniards, under general O'Reilly, in 1762: twelveleagues 
welt of Braganga. Lat. 41.42. N. Ion. 11. 15. E. Ferro. 
CHAUFAIL'LE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Saone and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diltrict of Marcigny : four leagues eaft of Marcigny. 
CHAUKUN'DA, a town of Africa, near the river 
Gambia, in the kingdom of Jemarrow. 
CHAUL, a town of Hindooltan, on the coaft of Mala¬ 
bar, with a good port, and defended by a citadel, taken, 
in 1507, by the Portuguefe: fix leagues fouth-eail of 
Bombay. 
CHAU'LIEU (William Amfreye de), abbe de Amale, 
one of the molt polite and ingenious of the French poets, 
was born in 1639, and died at the age of eighty-four. 
The molt complete edition of his poems, is that printed 
in 2 vols. Svo. in 1733. 
CHAULIODON'FA,/, [from p'auAaw, to emit, and 
oJs;, a tooth.] The tribe of animals wliofe teeth protrude 
beyond their mouths, as the boar, the elephant, &c. 
. CHAU'LMES, a towm of France, in the department 
of the Seine and Loire, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftridt of Melun : leven leagues and a half eaft-fouth- 
eaft of Paris. 
CHAU'LNES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Somme, and chief place of a canton, in the diltridt of 
Peronne : feven miles louth of Peronne. 
CHAUMERGNY', a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Jura, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diltridt of Poligny 1 three leagues weft of Poligny. 
CHAUMET'TE (Pierre Gafparin), the revolutionary 
recorder of Paris, was a native of the town of Nevers, 
in the Orleanois. Few men excited more attention in 
France for a time, or had a more hateful talk to per¬ 
form, during the tragical part of the revolution, thanChau- 
mette. He had been bred to the lea; but not relilhing that 
kind of life, and failing to obtain preferment, he quitted it, 
and lived by his pen, which he certainly knew how to ma¬ 
nage more to his advantage than the compafs. He could 
however, fpeak better, and more fluently, than he could 
write. He had alio been employed as librarian to a dig¬ 
nitary of the church, in the diocefe of Nivernois; but, 
at the commencement of the troubles in France, he was 
only a clerk to an attorney, and occafionally wrote for 
the newlpapers and for the ftage. He was one of the 
chief difciples of Camille Defmoulins, and among the 
fil'd who adopted the tri-coloured cockade, juft before 
the taking of the Baftilie. He greatly out-ran his revo¬ 
lutionary colleagues in zeal for the new faith; for when 
Camille was compofing the firft number of his Vieux 
Cordelier, with the hope of tranquillifing the over-heated 
imaginations of the leaders of democracy, and temper¬ 
ing the public rage againft the real or fuppofed enemies 
of the riew order of things, Chaumette was ftill further 
inflaming and diredting their vengeance againft particu¬ 
lar individuals. It was Chaumette who inftigated the 
C H A 131 
commune of Paris to demand the trial of the queen ; and 
he became one of the committee which prepared the 
charges, and regulated the evidence, againft that unfor¬ 
tunate princefs. He was a wdtnefs too againft her at the 
revolutionary tribunal, and undertook to reprimand M. 
La Tour Dupin, war-minifter to Louis XVI. for not ex- 
pofing thofe parts of Antoinette’s conduct, which, it was 
infilled on, he was privy to. The molt audacious part 
of Chaumette’s conduct on that occafion, was his ac- 
cufing the queen of an inceftuous connection with her 
fon. This infinuation even (hocked the favage tribunal 
before which (lie was arraigned, and immediately funk 
the accufer in the popular opinion. Robefpierre him- 
l’elf, under whole aufpices he was believed to adt, grew 
outrageous, and exclaimed, “ The fool! was it not 
enough that he had proved her a Meflalina, but he mull 
make an Agrippina of her too ?” Robefpierre inftantly 
perceived that this odious conduct of Chaumette would 
hurt the caufe ; on which account he never forgave him, 
though he allowed his zeal to continue to operate on 
inferior objects, till it overwhelmed him in ruin. Robef¬ 
pierre was at this time in the zenith of his power; yet 
Chaumette moved fuch a propolition in the full com¬ 
mune, as gave reafon to fufpedt that he intended to fet 
himfelf up as his rival in the city. The objedt of this 
motion was to unite all the heads of the forty-eight lec¬ 
tions of Paris in one council; a meafure that would have 
fuperfeded the force of the legiflature i tie If, if not its 
authority. This was a projedt conceived in common 
with the famous Hebert, Momoro, and Mazuel, and 
would have been aided in its execution by Ronlin, who 
at that time commanded a body of the revolutionary 
army. How far Robefpierre was apprifed of, or dreaded, 
the lcheme, does not appear; many fhrewd obfervers 
feemed latisfied that it was only a prelude “ to the fwel- 
ling adt” which was to follow, when the hero of the 
piece was to have been put in full play. The majority 
of the convention law through the veil which covered 
the plot, and anticipated their own danger, (hould it be 
carried into effedt. They, therefore, without lofs of 
time, annulled the proceedings, and declared all to be 
rebels who lliould perlift therein. Chaumette put a good 
face on the corredtion. He told the commune, on its 
next meeting, that his propofition mull be relinquilhed ; 
for that the convention, with a paternal though feyere 
voice, had damped with nullity their former relolution, 
and that it became them, like dutiful children, to fub- 
mit. Hebert, Momoro, and Mazuel, were loon after 
accufed as traitors, imprilbned, tried, and executed; but 
Chaumette furvived alhort time longer, as his enemies 
thought it fafer to wear away by degrees the remaining po¬ 
pular partiality for him, before he (hould meet his doom. 
He was taken up, however, on the 26th of March, 1794, 
under a charge of having conlpired, with the foregoing 
men, againft the government, and was guillotined on 
the 13th of April following, without the Imalleft elfort, 
on the part of Robefpierre, to lave him. He confefled, 
at the place of execution, that the revolution had in¬ 
flamed his imagination, and at times intoxicated his 
brain, from the too free gratification of his. vengeance 
for the perlonal injuries he had received. He laid, alfo, 
that three inltances had come to light of his ariftocratic 
and inveterate enemies attempting his life.; and that a 
defire of reprifal, in which he conceived the fiafety of the 
commonwealth in fome meafure involved, made him 
leek ail occafions for arrogating power ; but that he 
never cherilhed an idea of. poflelling any permanent au¬ 
thority, not even of a lecondary or fubordmate nature. 
CHAUMO'NT, a city of France, and capital of the 
department of the Upper Marne, fituated on a mountain., 
near the river Marne. Here is a manufacture of coarle 
woollen cloth, and a confiderablc trade in deer and goats 
(kins : four pods north-north-welt of Lar.gres, and twen¬ 
ty-nine and a quarter ea(t-foiUh-eaft of Paris. Lat. 48. 7. 
N. Ion, 2a. 48, E, Ferro. 
CHAUMO'NT. 
