*40 ' C H E 
commonly praclifed with thefe flowers 5 but if the feeds 
are fown upon poor land, where they are defigned to re¬ 
main, and not tranfplanted, they will thrive, and endure 
the froft in winter much better than thofe which are re¬ 
moved ; fo that upon ruins or rubbifti the feeds of thefe 
plants may be fown, where they will thrive and continue 
much longer than in good land; and in fuch places, ii 
they are properly difpoled, they will be very ornamental, 
and their flowers, having a ftrong odour, will perfume the 
air to a cohfiderable.diltance. 
All the varieties of ftock-gilliflower flower in May and 
June, at which time they are the greateft ornament to the 
flower-garden, therefore deferve our care to cultivate them 
as much as any of the flowery tribe; but, in order to have 
many double flowers, there mull be great care taken in 
the choice of plants for feeds, without which there can 
be little hopes of having thefe flowers in perfection. The 
only fure way of getting many double flowers, is to make 
choice of thofe Angle flowers which grow near many 
double ones ; for thofe feeds which have been faved from 
plants growing in beds clofe to each other, where there 
happened to be many double flowers among them, are 
found to produce a much greater number of plants with 
double flowers, than thofe which have been faved from 
plants of the fame kinds, which grew Angle in the borders 
of the flower-garden ; fo that there fliould be a fmall bed 
of each kind planted on purpofe to fave feeds in the 
flower-nurfery ; or if they are fown there, and the plants 
thinned properly when they are young, they need not 
be tranfplanted ; for the plants which come up from 
fcattered feeds, which have not been tranfplanted, endure 
the froftmucli better than thofe which have been removed; 
for as thefe plants fend out horizontal roots from the bottom 
of their (terns, which fpread near the furface of the ground, 
fo when they are tranlplanted, the roots are forced down¬ 
ward out of their natural direction ; and, if their (talks 
were grown tall before removal, they are generally plant¬ 
ed low in the ground, whereby they are apt to rot, if the 
ground is moift, or the winter (hould prove wet; there¬ 
fore, where they can be left unremoved, there will be a 
better chance of their living through the winter ; and, 
as thefe beds need not be of great extent, lb,-when the 
winter proves very fevere, it will not bemuch trouble or 
expence to arch the beds over with hoops, and cover them 
with mats in frofty weather, by. which method they may 
be always preferved. The ground -where thefe feeds are 
fown, muft not have any dung, for in rich land the plants 
will grow very vigorous in fummer, but. froft, or the 
heavy rains in autumn, will foon deftroy. them ; for thefe 
plants will thrive upon rocks or old walls, as was before 
oblerved; and in fucli iituations they.will live, when all 
thofe which are planted in gardens are deftroyed. The 
belt time to fow the feeds is about the beginning of May; 
and, if the feafon fliould prove dry, it will be proper to 
(bade the beds with mats every day, to prevent the earth 
from dryingtoo fail; but the covering muft be taken off 
every evening,, to. admit the- dews of night, and they 
ihould be gently watered in the evening two or three times 
a-week. When the plants-.fit-ft appear, w'ith their two 
(feed-leaves, they are often attacked by flies, efpecially in 
dry hot feafons; therefore to prevent their deftroying the 
plants, the covering fliould be continued over them dur¬ 
ing the heat of the day, and the plants frequently re- 
freftied with water, which will keep them in a growing 
ftate, and the flies will not infeft them ; for it is always 
obferved, they never attack any plants Unlefs they have 
been Hunted in their growth : when the plants have got 
ftrengtb, they will he lecure from this clanger, and the 
coverings may be removed ; after this the plants will re¬ 
quire no farther care but to keep them clean from weeds, 
and to be thinned to the diftanceof nine inches or afoot, 
that they may have proper room to.grow, and not draw 
each other up tall and weak. The plan ts which are drawn 
out of thefe beds to thin them, may be planted in the 
borders of tli# flower-garden, where they are defigned 
CHE 
to remain, and the fooner they are removed, when the 
plants have got fix or eight leaves, the more likely they 
will be to live through the winter. The farther care of 
the plants which are left in the beds, will be to cover 
them in winter with mats ; and, when they come to flow¬ 
er, all thofe which are not of good, colours, or whofe 
flowers are fmall, fliould be drawn out as foon as they ap¬ 
pear, that thej may not impregnate thofe which are de¬ 
figned for feeds with their farina ; but thofe with double 
flowers (hould by no means be removed, nor Ihould their 
flowers be cut off, but fuffered to fade among the (ingle 
ones, by which the (beds will be improved ; it will alfo be 
a fure method of preferring each fort in .perfection, to have 
them feparate from each other, in diftinft beds; though 
there is very little danger of any of the fpecies altering, 
by the mixt ure of their farina, but their colours are liable 
to be changed by it; fo that, in order to continue thofe 
pure, they (hould not (land too near each other. There 
are fome who propagate tire double ftock-gillifloWers by 
flips and cuttings, which will take root when properly 
managed; but the plants fo raifed are never fo ftrong as 
thofe which come from feeds, their fpikes of flowers are 
always very (hort, and have not half the beauty ; it is not 
worth while therefore to praftife this method, unlefs for 
thofe which cannot be obtained with any certainty from 
feed. 
The annual or ten-weeks flock, if fown at three diffe¬ 
rent times, may be continued in lucceflion during feveral 
months. The firft flawing (hould be about the middle of 
February, upon a very (lender hot-bed, juft to bring up 
the plants, which muft be guardedagainft froft; and, when 
they are fit to remove, they (hould be tranfplanted into 
. mirfery beds, at about three or four inches diftance, ob- 
iferving to water and (hade them till they have taken 
root, and afterwards to keep them clean from weeds ; in 
. thefe beds they may remain five or fix w r eeks to get 
i ftrengtb, and may then be planted into the borders of 
: the flower-garden, where they are to remain : if thefe 
care tranfplanted when there is rain, they will foon take 
root, after which they will require no farther care. From 
thele early plants good feeds may be expedted, therefore 
fome of the fineft plants of each colour fliould be pre¬ 
ferved, and marked for feeds, which, when ripe, fliould 
be carefully cut before the froll pinches them, and the 
ftalks tied up in fmall bundles, and hung up in a dry 
room till the pods are well dried, when the feeds may be 
rubbed out and preferved for ufe. To fucceed thefe, ano¬ 
ther parcel of (feeds fliould be fown in March; and a 
third parcel at the end of May. If thefe laft be fown 
upon a warm border, where they may be covered, by 
placing glades before them in winter, or covering them 
with mats, they may be continued in flower till Chrift- 
mas : and if fome of the plants be potted, and put under 
a liot-bed frame in autumn, where they may enjoy the 
open air in mild weather, and be fereened from hard rains 
and froft, they will keep flowering all the winter, when 
the weather is not very fevere. See Arabis, Helio- 
phila, and Manulea. 
CHEIRAN'THUS LACE'RUS, f. in botany. See 
Hespekis Lacera. 
CHEI'RI, f. in botany, See Cheiranthus. 
CHEIR.O'NOMY, [from Gr. cheironomia, 
Lat.] To exercife with the bands. An exercife mention¬ 
ed by Hippocrates, which confided of gefticulations with 
the hands, like our dumb bells. 
CHEI'TO, a town of Perfia, in the province of Far- 
fiftan : 120 miles fouth of Schiras. 
CHEITO'RE, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Oudipour, formerly one of the principal fortreiies of In¬ 
dia, and refidence of the Rana, chief of the Rajpoots, 
now removed to Oudipour; fituated 011 a very high moun¬ 
tain, and faid by fome to be feven miles in circumfe¬ 
rence, by others eight, and by Perfian authors repre- 
fented to be ten, iurrounded with towers and baftions; 
and, from the foot of the mountain to the top, faid to 
