CHE 
be two miles and a half, and by fome five miles; a bar¬ 
rier of l'even gates mull be palled, before the citadel 
could be approached ; fuch a fortrefs as this, fupplied 
with every necelfary, might be fuppofed impregnable ; 
but it was taken after a long liege by the king ot Delhi. 
After fome years, it came into the power of the Rana, or 
prince of the Rajpoots; from whom it was taken by the em¬ 
peror Acbar, who laid it walte with great carnage, pht 
the garrifon to the fword, and blew up the towers with 
gunpowder. After the Mogul troops were driven away, 
the Ranabegaji to repair it, but not in its ancient fpjen- 
dour, and even thefe repairs were dedroyed by another 
invafion of the Moguls It is now wholly defeated, and 
become a refort of tigers and other beads of prey. Sir 
Thomas Roe palled through it in his way to Agimere, in 
1612, and gives the following detail of its then date. 
“ Cytor is an ancient ruined city, on a hill, but fhews 
the footdeps of wonderful magnificence. There are Hill 
danding above a hundred churches, all of carved done, 
anany fair towers and lanthorns, many pillars, and in¬ 
numerable houfes, but not one inhabitant. There is 
but one deep afeent cut out of the rock, and four gates 
in the afeent before you come to the city gate, which is 
magnificent. The hill is inclofed at the top for about 
eight codes, and at the fouth-wed end is a goodly cadle.” 
It is lituated forty-three miles north of Oudipour, and 
feventy-fix fouth of Agimere. Lat. 2,5. 22. N. Lon. 74. 
55. E. Greenwich. 
CHE 1 WAN', a town of Arabia: fortymiles fou th ofSaade. 
CHEKAO', f. an earth ufed by the Chinele in their 
porcelain manufactures. It is afpecies of the loap-rock. 
See Steatiths. 
CHEKE (Sir John), a celebrated datefman, gramma¬ 
rian, and divine, of an ancient family in the Ide of 
Wight, but born at Cambridgerin 1514, and educated 
at St. John’s college in that univerficy; where he was 
fird chofen Greek lecturer, and in 1540, profedor of that 
language, with a dipend of forty pounds a-year. In this 
dation he was principally indrumental in reforming the 
pronunciation of the Greek language, which, having 
been much neglefited, was imperfe&iy underdood. A- 
bout 1543, lie was incorporated mader of arts at Ox¬ 
ford, where he had likewile dudied for fome time. In 
the following year he was lent for to thecourt of Henry 
VIII. and appointed tutor, jointly with Sir Anthony 
Cooke, to prince Edward; about which time he was 
made canon of the college newly founded in Oxford, now 
Chrid-churcli. On the acceflion of his royal pupil to the 
throne of England, Mr. Cheke was firlt rewarded with 
a penfion of 100 marks, and afterwards obtained feve- 
ral cpnfiderable grants from the crown. In 1550 he 
was made chief gentleman of the privy-chamber, and 
was knighted the following year; in 1552, chamberlain 
of the exchequer for life ; in 1553, clerk of the council; 
and foon after fecretary of date, and privy-counfellor. 
But thefe honours were of Ihort duration. Having con¬ 
curred in the meafures of the duke of Northumberland 
for fettling the crown on the unfortunate Jane Grey, 
and having abted as her fecretary during, the nine days of 
her reign; on the accedion of queen Mary, Sir John 
Cheke was fent to the tower, and dript of the greatelt 
part ot his polfelhons. In September 1554, he obtained 
his liberty, and a licenfe from her majelty to travel a- 
broad. He went fird to Bal'd, thence to Italy, and af¬ 
terwards returned to Stradmrgh, where he was reduced 
to the neceflity of reading Greek leisures for fubfidence. 
In 1556 he fet out in an evil hour to meet his wife at 
Brulfels: but, before he reached that city, he was feized 
by order of Philip II. king of Spain, hoodwinked, and 
thrown into a waggon; and thus ignominioudy conduc¬ 
ed to a llup, which brought him to the tower of London. 
He foon found that religion was the caufe of his iinpri- 
fonment; for he was immediately vifited by two Romilh 
prielts, who pioully endeavoured to convert him, but 
Vol, IV. No, 184. 
CHE i4t 
without fuccefs. He was then vifited by Fleckenham, 
who told him from the queen, that he mud either com¬ 
ply or burn. This powerful argument had the defired 
eflefil; and Sir John Cheke accordingly complied in 
form, and his lands, upon certain conditions, were re- 
ftored; but remorfe, grief, and fliame, foon put an end 
to his life ; for he died in September 1557, and was bu¬ 
ried in St. Alban’s, church. He left three fons, the el¬ 
ded of whom, Henry, W'as knighted by queen Elizabeth. 
He wrote, 1. A Latin tranflation of two of St. Chryfof- 
tom’s Homilies. Loud. 1543, 4to. 2. The Hurt of Se¬ 
dition. Lond. 1549, 1576, 1641. 3. Latin Tranflation 
oftheEnglifli Communion Service. Printed amongBu- 
cer’s opufcula. 4. De pronunciatione Graecae. Bafil, 
1555, 8vo. 5. Several letters publilhed in his life by 
Strype ; and a great number of other books. 
CHEKOUTI'MES, a nation or tribe of Indians, who 
inhabit near the louth bank of Saguenai river, in Upper 
Canada. 
CHELIDO'NIA, an anniverfary wind, blowing from 
the 6th of the ides of February to the 7th of the calends 
of March, being the time of the appearance of the fwai- 
lows; otherwife the Favonius, or Zephyrus. Pliny. 
CHELIDO'NIA, f in botany. See Ranunculus 
Ficari a. 
CIIELIDO'NIUM, f. [from ythiaoiv, a fwallow] In bo¬ 
tany, a genus of the clals polyandria, order monogynia, 
natural order rhoeadese. The generic characters are—■ 
Calyx: perianthium two-leaved, roundiih: leaflets fub- 
ovate, concave, obtufe, caducous. Corolla: petals four, 
roundiih, dat, fpreadirig, large, narrower at the bale. 
Stamina: filaments very many (thirty), fiat, broader at 
tap, fhorter than the corolla. Anthers oblong, com- 
prefled, obtufe, eredt, twin. Pidiilum: germ cylindric, 
the length of the damens. Style none. Stigma headed, 
bifid. Perianthium: iilique cylindric, fub-bivalve. 
Seeds very many, ovate, increafed, finning. Receptacle 
linear, between the valves of a kind of circumambient 
future not gaping. Ejfential Charaffer. —-Corolla four 
petalled ; calyx two-leaved; fiiique one-celled, linear. 
Species. 1. Chelidonium majus, common or great ce¬ 
landine: peduncles umbelled. Stem ereft, from a foot 
to eighteen inches in height, cylindric, a little hairy. 
The juice of the whole plant is fafiron-coloured. It ap¬ 
proaches to the clafs tetradynamia in the cruciform 
diape of the corolla, and its fiiique ; which however dif¬ 
fers eflentially, in being one-celled. It is common in 
hedges and other fhady places, uncultivated grounds, on 
rubbifh, walls, &c. dowering from May to July, during 
which time it is in the greated perfefition for uie. The 
juice of every part of this plant is very acrimonious. It 
cures tetters and ringworms. Diluted with milk it con- 
fumes white opake lpots on the eyes. It dedroys warts, 
and cures the itch. There is no doubt but a medicine of 
fuch afiiivity will one day be converted to more impor¬ 
tant purpofes. The root, according to Loureiro, is ex¬ 
tremely bitter, and greatly edeemed among the natives 
of Cochinchina, for a variety of'ufes in medicine. 
2. Chelidonium. glaucium, fea celandine, or yellow 
horned poppy. Peduncles one-flowered; leaves ftem- 
clafping, iinuated; demlinooth. The root is perennial 
according to Scopoli and Allioni, but annual according 
to others ; Miller fays biennial. The whole plant is 
glaucous. Stem drong, near two feet high, much 
branched. The flowers nod till the day preceding the 
unfolding of the petals, which fall ofi’ on the fecond day 
after they are opened. The large and numerous flowers, 
which, although of fhort.duration, fucceed one another 
in great abundance during mod part of the dimmer, 
make a fine contrad with the fea-green dew-befpangled 
leaves, and are a great ornament to our landy fhores.. 
The whole plant abounds in a yellow juice, is foetid, 
and of a poifonous quality. It is laid to occafion raad- 
nefs. Found in landy foils in Swifferland, France, Italy, 
O o Auftria, 
