CHE 
of the Aifne, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt 
of Laon : five miles fouth of L'aon. 
CHE / VRES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Charente: eighteen miles ealt of Angoulefme. 
CHEVREU'SE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Seine and Oife, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftrifl of Verlailles: eight miles fouth-weft of Ver- 
failles. 
CHEVRON', f [French.] One of the honourable or¬ 
dinaries in heraldry. It reprefents two rafters of a houfe 
fet up as they ought to (land. 
CHEUX, a town of France, in the department of Cal¬ 
vados, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt of Caen: 
two leagues weft of Caen. 
To CHEW, ru.a. [ceopyan, Sax. hauwen, Dutch. It 
is very frequently pronounced chaw, and perhaps pro¬ 
perly.] Togrind with the teeth; to mafticate.—By chew¬ 
ing, folid aliment is divided into f’mall parts : in a human 
body, there is no otherinftrument to perform this^adfion 
but the teeth. By the adiion of chewing , the Ipittle and 
mucus are fqueezed from the glands, and mixed with the 
aliment; which adiion, if it be long continued, will turn 
the aliment into a fort of chyle. Arhuthnot. —To meditate j 
or ruminate in the thoughts : 
While the fierce monk does at his trial Hand, 
He chews- revenge, abjuring his offence ; 
Guile in his tongue, and murder is his hand. 
He ftabs bis judge, to prove his innocence. Prior. 
To tafte without fwallowing; 
Heaven’s in my mouth, 
As if I did but chew its name. Shakefpeare. 
Some books are to betafted, others to be fwallowed, and 
fome few to be chewed and digefted : that is, fome books 
are to be read only in parts ; others to be read, but not curi- 
oufly; and fome few to be read wholly,with attention. Bacon. 
To CHEW, v. n. To champ upon ; to ruminate : 
Old politicians chew on wifdom paft, 
And blunder on in bufinefs to the laft. Pope. 
CHEYNE (George), a phyfician of great learning and 
abilities, born in Scotland in 1671, and educated at Edin¬ 
burgh under Dr. Pitcairn. He palfed his youth in clofe 
fludy, and with great temperance; but coming to Lon¬ 
don, when about thirty, and finding the younger gentry 
and free-livers to be the moll Cafy of accefs and mod fuf- 
ceptible of friendfhip, he changed on a Hidden his for¬ 
mer manner of abiteminous living, in order to force a 
trade, having obferved this method to lucceedwith fome 
others. The confequence was, that he grew daily in 
bulk, and in intimacy with his gay acquaintance; dwel¬ 
ling to fuch an enormous fize, that at length he exceeded 
thirty-two Hone weight; and was forced to have the 
whole fide of his chariot made open to receive him. He 
grew fhort breathed, lethargic, nervous, and fcorbutic; 
fio that his life became a burden to him. In this deplora¬ 
ble condition, after having tried all the power of medicine 
in vain, he refolved to try a milk and vegetable diet; the 
good effects of which quickly appeared. His fize was 
gradually reduced, and he recovered his ftrength, activity, 
and cheerfulnefs, with the perfect ufe of all his faculties. 
In fhort, by a regular adherence to this regimen, he lived 
to a mature age, dying at Bath in 1740, aged 72. He 
wrote feveral treatifes that were well received; particu¬ 
larly an Effay on Health and Long Life, and The Englifh 
Malady, or a Treatife of Nervous Difeafes ; both the re- 
fult of Jiis own experience. In fhort, he had great reputa¬ 
tion in his own time, both as a pradlitioner and as a writer; 
and moft of his books paffed through feveral editions. 
He is to be ranked among thofe phyficians who have ac¬ 
counted for the operations of medicines, and the morbid 
alterations which takes place in the human body, upon 
mechanical principles. A fpirit of piety and of benevo- 
Vol. IVo No.. 208. 
C H I 421 
lence, and an ardent zeal for the interefts of virtue, are 
predominant throughout his writings. 
CHE'ZE (La), a town of France, in the department 
of the North Coafts, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftridt of Loudeac : one league and a half fouth-eaft of 
Loudeac. 
CHE'ZERY, a town of Savoy, ceded to France in 
the year 176c. 
CHE'ZY l’ABBAYE, a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Aifne, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diltribt of Chateau Thierry: one league and a half 
louth-fbuth-weft of Chateau Thierry. 
CHI-HING, a town of China, of the third rank, in 
the province of Quang-tong: fix leagues fouth-weft of 
Nan-yong. 
CHI'A, f. [from Xio;, an ifland where they are propa¬ 
gated], A fweet fig of the ifland of Chio or Scio. Alfo 
an earth from that ifland, formerly uled in fevers, but 
long fince difcontinued. 
CHIABRE'RA (Gabrielo), an Italian poet, born at 
Savone in 1552. He went to ftudy at Rome, where 
Aldus Manutius and Muretus gave him their friendftiip, 
and aided him with their counfels. Urban VIII. and the 
princes of Italy, honoured him with many public marks 
of elleem. In 1624, Urban, himfelf a poet, as wel! as 
a protestor of poets, invited him to Rome for the holy 
year; but Chiabrera excufed himfelf, on account of old 
age and infirmities. He died at Savone in 1638, aged 
86. As he was one of the greateft wits, fo he had ano¬ 
ther Angularity, which was, to be one of the uglieft men 
in Italy. He left heroic, dramatic, paftoral, and lyric, 
poems, which were collebled and publifhed at Rome, in 
1718, 8vo. by the abbe Paolucci. His lyrics are faid to 
be the moft efteenied. 
CHIAMET'LAN, a maritime province of Mexico, in 
North America, with a town of the fame name, faid to 
be thirty-feven leagues either way, from north to fouth 
or from eaft to weft. It is very fertile, contains mines 
of lilver, and produces a great deal of honey and wax. 
TThe native Indians are well made and warlike. The ri- 
Ver St. Jago empties into the fea here, norfh-weft from 
the point of St. Bias. The chief town is St. Sebaftian. 
CHIAMET'LAND-ISLANDS, a duller of linall 
iflands in the Pacific Ocean, near the coaft of Mexico. 
Lat. 22. 20. N. Ion. 86. 40. W. Ferro. 
CHIAM'PA, a country of Afia, bounded on the north 
by the defert of Cochinchina, on the eaft and fouth by 
the Indian Sea, and on the weft by Cambodia. It is little 
known. 
CHIA'NA, a river of Italy, which joins the Tiber, 
about ten miles fouth of Orvieto. 
CHIAN'NI, a town of Italy, in the duchy of Tufcany; 
fixteen miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Leghorn. 
CHIANT'LA, a town of Mexico, in the province of 
Chiapa: 100 miles fouth-eaft of Chiapa dos Elpagniolos. 
CHI'AOUS,y!a word in the original Turkifh, fignifying 
“ envoys,” are officers to the number of 5 or 600 in the 
grand fignior’s court, under the command of a chiaous 
bafchi. They frequently meet in the grand vifier’s pa¬ 
lace, that they may be in readinefs to execute his orders, 
and carry his difpatches into all the provinces of the em¬ 
pire. The chiaous bafchi aflifts at the divan, and intro¬ 
duces thofe who have bufinefs there. 
CHIA'PA, a river and inland province of Mexico or 
New-Spain, in the audience of Mexico. This province 
is bounded by Tobafco on the north; by Yucatan north- 
eaft; by Socunufco fouth-eaft; and by Vera Paz on the 
eaft. It is eighty-five leagues from eaft to weft, and about 
thirty where narroweft, but fome parts are near too. It 
abounds with woods of pine, cyprefs, cedar, oak, walnut, 
wood-vines, aromatic gums, balfams, liquid amber, taca- 
mahaca, copal, and others, that yield pure balfams; alfo 
with corn, cocoa, cotton, and cochineal; pears, apples, 
quinces, &c. IJere they have achiotte, which the natives 
5 P mi# 
