422 CHI 
mix with their chocolate to give it a bright colour, 
Cbiapa abounds with cattle of all forts ; it is famous for 
a fine breed of horfes, fo valuable, that they fend their 
colts to Mexico, though 500 miles diftant. Bealls of prey 
are herein abundance, with foxes,rabbits, and wild hogs. 
In this province there is variety of fnakes, particularly 
in the hilly parts, fome of which are faid to be twenty 
feet long, others of a curious red colour, and ftreaked 
with white and black, which the Indians tame, and put 
them about their necks. The Chiapefe are of a fair com¬ 
plexion, courteous, underftand mulic, painting, and me¬ 
chanics, and are obedient to their fuperiors. The prin¬ 
cipal river is that of Chiapa, which running from the 
north through the country of the Quelens, falls into the 
fea at Tabalco. It is well watered 5 and by means of 
Chiapa river, they carry on a brilk trade with the neigh¬ 
bouring provinces, which chiefly confifts in cochineal 
and filk; in which laft commodity the Indians employ 
their wives for making handkerchiefs of all colours, 
which are bought up by the Spaniards and lent to Eu¬ 
rope. Though the Spaniards reckon this one of their 
pooreft provinces in America, as having no mines of gold 
or filver, nor any harbour on the South Sea, yet in ilze 
it is inferior to none but Guatimala. Befides, it is a place 
of great importance to the Spaniards, becaule the ftrength 
of all their empire in America depends on it; and into 
it is an eafy entrance by the river Tabafco, Puerto Real, 
and its vidinity to Yucatan. 
CHIA'PA, the name of two towns in the above pro¬ 
vince; the one is fometimes called Cividad Real, or the 
Royal city, and the other Cbiapa de los Indos, inhabited 
by Spaniards. Cividad Real is a bifhop's fee, and the 
feat of the judicial courts. It is delightfully lituated on 
a plain, furrounded with mountains, and almoft equally 
diftant from the north and fouth feas, and 100 leagues 
north-weft from Guatimala. The bifhop’s revenue is 
8000 ducats a year. It has feveral monafteries; and the 
cathedral is an elegant ftrudure. This city is governed 
by magiftrates cliolen amongft the burgefles of the town, 
by a particular privilege granted them by the king of 
Spain. Lat. 17. N. Ion. 96. 4.0. W. 
The other town, called Chiapa de los Indos, that is, as 
belonging to the Indians, is the largeft they have in this 
country, and lies in a valley near the river Tabafco, which 
abounds with fifh, and is about twelve leagues north-weft 
of Chiapa, or Cividad Real. The celebrated Bartholomew 
de las Cafas, the friend of mankind, was the firft bilhop 
of Chiapa and, having complained to the court of Ma¬ 
drid of the cruelties of the Spaniards here, procured the 
people great privileges, and'an exemption from flavery. 
This is a very large and rich place, with many cloifters and 
churches. On the river they have feveral boats, in which 
they often exhibit fea-fights and lieges. In the environs 
are feveral farms well ftocked with cattle, and fome fugar 
plantations. 
CHIAREN'ZA, or Clarence, a town of European 
Turkey, on the weft coaft of the Morea, near the Medi¬ 
terranean, near the river Sillus, once a confiderable place, 
but now almolt ruined : eighty-four miles fouth-weft of 
Livadia, and eighty weft of Corinth. 
CHIA'RI, a town of Italy, in the Breflan, between 
Brefcia and Crema, where the Imperialifts obtained a vic¬ 
tory over the French in 1701 : twelve miles weft of Brefcia. 
CHIA'RI (Jofeph), a celebrated Italian painter, was 
the difciple of Carlo Maratti; and adorned the churches 
and palaces of Rome with a great number of fine paint¬ 
ings. He died of an apoplexy in 1727, aged 73. 
CHIAROMON'TE, a town of Sicily, in the Valley of 
Noto : twenty-five miles weft of Syracufe. 
CHIAS'CIO, a river of Italy, which runs into the Ti¬ 
ber, near Torfciano. 
CHIASEL'LIS, a town of Italy, in the country of Fri¬ 
uli, belonging to the ftate of Venice; feven miles weft 
«f Palma-la-Nuova, 
C H I 
CHIAVA'N, a town of Perlia, in the province of Ghi* 
lan : 120 miles north-weft of Relhd. 
CHIAVA'RI, a town of Italy, in the ftate of Genoa: 
fifteen miles weft-north-weft of Brugneto. 
CHIAVEN'NA (County of), a country of Swifierlancf, 
in alliance with the Grifons, fituated at the foot of the 
Rbetian Alps, to the north of the lake of Como, about 
eight leagues long, and fix wide. The country is for 
the molt part fertile in wine and paftures. The inhabi¬ 
tants raife a good deal of filk ; but not corn fufficient for 
their wants ; this they obtain of their neighbours for cat- 
tie, wine, and filk. The inhabitants are Catholics, and 
depend on the bifhop of Como for fpiritual matters. It 
came under the Grifons at the fame time with the Valte- 
line, and is governed by a commiflary. 
CHIAVEN'NA, a town of Swiflerland, and capital of 
the county of the fame name. It is fituated at the foot 
and upon the fide of a mountain, and contains about 
3000 fouls. The inhabitants carry on but little commerce. 
The principal articles of exportation are ftone pots, cal¬ 
led lavezzi, and raw filk. The whole country produces 
about 3,600 pounds of the laft commodity. A manufac¬ 
ture of filk ftockings, the only one in the town, has been 
lately eftablifhed. The neighbouring country is covered 
with vineyards; but the wine is of a meagre fort, and 
only a fmall quantity is exported. The great fupport of 
Chiavenna is the tranfport of merchandize, this town 
being the principal communication between the Milanefe 
and Germany. From hence the goods are fent either by 
Coire into Germany, or through Pregalia and the Enga- 
dinas into the Tyrol. There is a duty laid by the Grifons 
upon all the merchandize which palles through Chiaven¬ 
na ; but this duty is fo fmall, that the whole cuftoms, in¬ 
cluding thofe in the Valteline, are fanned for 17,000 flo¬ 
rins, or about 1260]. per annum. The principal objed 
of curiofity in the environs of Chiavenna is the fortrefs 
in ruins, feated upon thefummit of a rock, which over¬ 
looks the town, and celebrated in the hiftory of the Gri¬ 
fons for its almoft impregnable ftrength. Thirty-eight 
miles north of Como, and thirty-five fouth of Coire. Lat. 
46. 12. N. Ion 9. 31. E. Greenwich. 
CHIAUL'SA, a town of Mexico, in the province of 
Tlafcala: twenty miles fouth-weft of Puebla de los An¬ 
gelos. 
CHIAVORO'TO, a town of Germany, in the duchy 
of Carinthia : eight miles fouth of Tarvis. In March, 
1797, the Auftrians w'ere defeated by the French repub¬ 
lican army, near this town. 
CHIBA'RA ta 1 Kiamen, a poll of Chinefe Tartary: 
fix leagues north of Geho. 
CHI'CACOLE, a circarin theeaftern part of Hindoof- 
tan. Its length, from the borders of Rajahimmdry to 
Chilka lake, is 270 miles. A fmall pait of this circar is 
in cultivation; the reft confifts of woods, waters, towns, 
and barren waftes. 
CHI'CACOLE, a city of Hindooftan, the ancient Co - 
cala, formerly the capital of the circar, and refidence of 
the rajah, forty miles from Vizigapatam. 
CHICA'NE, /. [ chicane , Fr. derived by Menage from 
the Spanilh word cbico, little.] The art of protrading a 
conteft by petty objedion and artifice.—His attornies 
have hardly one trick left; they are at an end of all their 
(bicane. Arbuthnot. —Artifice in general. This fenfe is 
only in familiar language: 
Unwilling then in arms to meet. 
He ftrove to lengthen the campaign, 
And fave his forces by chicane . Prior. 
‘To CHICA'NE, nj. n. \_chicaner, Fr.] To prolong a 
conteft by tricks. 
CHICA'NER,/. [chicaneur, Fr.] A petty fophifter; a 
trifling difputant; a wrangler.—This is the way to dil- 
tinguilh the two molt different things I know, a logical 
chicaner from a man of re a Ion, Locke . 
CKICA'NERY, 
