C H I 
A chilly fweat bedews 
My fhudd’ring limbs. Philips. 
CHILLY, a town of France, in the department of the 
Jura, and chief place of a canton, in the diftriCf of Lons 
le Saunier : one league fouth-wett of Lons le Saunier. 
CHIL'MARK, a town in the American Hates, on 
Martha’s Vineyard Ille, Duke’s county, Maffachufetts, 
containing 771 inhabitants: ninety-nine miles fouth by 
call of Bolton. 
CHIL'MARY, a town of Hindooftan, in the country 
of Bengal: 110 miles north-eaft of Moorlhedabad. 
CHIL'MINAR. See Persepolis. 
CPIIL NESS,yi Coldnefs ; want of warmth : 
This while he thinks; he iifts aloft his dart, 
A generous chilnefs feiz.es ev’ry part, 
The veins pour back the blood, and fortify the heart. 
Dry den. 
CHT'LO, a Spartan philofopher, who has been called 
one of the feven wife men of Greece. He died through 
excels of joy, in the arms of his fon, who had obtained a 
viflory at Olympia, B. C. 597. 
CHI'LOE, a coniiderable ifland in the South Pacific 
Ocean, on the coaft of Chili. The fouth part of it is di¬ 
vided from the continent by a narrow lea, which forms 
a bay. This coaft is fubjeft to tempeftuous weather, ef- 
pecially in March, when winter begins. The Spaniards 
have but one little fort in this ifland called Chacao, and 
the town of Caftro. This ifland produces all neceflary re- 
frelhments and provifions, except wine; and much am¬ 
bergris is found here. About this ifland are many more, 
all which together form ajurifdiftion called the Jurifdic- 
tion ofChiloe. The iflands of Chiloe are reputed bar¬ 
ren;. but their foil is not really fo. The nature of the 
climate is fuch, that it rains almoft all the year; fo that 
only maize, or other fuch grains, can ripen, that want 
not much fun. The diet of the natives is moftly of a root 
called papayas, which grows bigger in this ifland than in 
any .other place. The cedar trees grow to an amazing 
fize. Lat. 43. S. 
CHI'LOK, a river of Siberia, which runs into the Se¬ 
lenga, near Selenginlk. 
CHIL'QUES, a jurifdiftion of South America, in Pe¬ 
ru, fubje£t to the bilhop of Cufco, eight leagues fouth- 
eaft from that city. Its commerce confifts in woollen ma¬ 
nufactures, grain of all kinds, cows, fheep, &c. 
CHIL'TERN, a ridge of hills, which crofles the county 
of Bucks, a little to the fouth of the center, reaching 
from Tring, in Hertfordlhire, to Henley, in the county 
of Oxford. To thefe hills, called the Chiltern hundreds, 
is annexed the nominal office of ffeward under the crown, 
the acceptance of which, of confequence, enables a mem¬ 
ber of the Britifli parliament to vacate his feat. 
CHIMAYRA, in fabulous hiftory, a celebrated mcn- 
fter, fprung from. Echidna and Typhon, which had 
three heads, that of a lion, a goat, and a dragon, and 
continually vomited flames. The fore parts of its body 
were thole of a lion, the middle was that of a goat, and 
the hinder parts were thole of a dr-agon. It generally 
lived in Lycia, about the reign of Jobates, by whole or¬ 
ders Bellerophon, mounted on the horfe Pegafus, over¬ 
came it. This fabulous tradition is explained by the 
recolle&ion that there was a burning mountain in Lycia, 
whofe top was the refort of lions, on account of its de¬ 
folate wildnefs ; the middle, which was fruitful, was 
covered with goats ; and at the bottom the marfhy ground 
abounded with lerpents. Bellerophon is laid to have 
conquered the Chimasra, becaufe he firft made his habi¬ 
tation on that mountain. Plutarch fays, that it is the 
captain of fome pirates, who adorned their (hip with the 
images of a lion, a goat, and a dragon. 
CHIM^ER'A,_/i in ichthyology, the chimera, a genus of 
fillies belonging to the order of (Jhondropterygii. The ge» 
neric character is conftitutedby onefpineon the back. The 
body is long; the head ends in a point; but the mouth 
z 
CHI 43 1 
is underneath, and each jaw has two cutting-teeth. 
I here is one aperture on each fide for refpiration. The 
tail ends in a briftle, like a fmall painting-brulh, and is 
longer than all the reft of the body. There are only two 
fpecies, called by La Cepede, (Hilt. Nat. des Poilfons, 
1798.) the arBic and antarBic, names expreflive of the 
part of the globe which they inhabit; and it is worthy 
of remark, that the only two fpecies perhaps which re- 
femble each other in fliape and habits of this extraordi¬ 
nary natuie, fhoukl be feparated by the greateft poflible 
diftance ; the one inhabiting the midft of thole leas which 
environ the north pole, while the other is found only in 
the waters about the antarctic circle, and particularly in 
that part of the fouth fea which lies neareft to that pole. 
Thefe fillies feem to have divided the freezing zones be¬ 
tween them ; as they very rarely approach the temperate 
climes ; but appear to delight in mountains of ice, and in 
thofe tempeftuous hurricanes, frightful to mankind, 
which almoft conftantly blow in the polar regions. If 
the antanftic chimera advances through the waves of the 
fouth fea much nearer the tropics than does the arffic 
one amid the rough waves of the north fea, it mult be 
remembered that the feuthern liemifphere furnilhes a 
colder temperature at an equal diftance from the equa¬ 
torial line ; and that the antardfic chimera finds in that 
liemifphere, though nearer to the torrid zone, the fame 
degree of cold, the fame kind and plenty of food, and 
the fame conveniences for the fecundation of her ova, as 
in the northern liemifphere. 
1. Chimasra monftrofa, the ardtic chimera; the fpeci- 
fic charadlerof which is, the porous wrinkles or tubercles 
about the fnout. The remarkable conformation of this 
fifli has gained it the name of chunter a , to which monflrofa 
has been added by Linnaeus ; and, from its manners and 
habits, Gefner, Johnfton, andRuyfch, called it Jimia ma¬ 
rina, the fea-ape. 'Idle agility and wantonnefs of its mo¬ 
tions, the flexibility of its long thin tail, its manner of 
Ihewing its teeth, and contradling its muzzle into diftor- 
tion, have brought to the mind of the obferver the gef- 
tures and grimaces of thofe monkeys which are more com¬ 
monly known. On the other hand, every one knows 
that the ancients bellowed on the formidable animal they 
called chimera, the head of a lion, and the tail of a fer- 
pent. Now the long tail of this fifli may eaflly call to 
mind that of a reptile ; and the iituation as well as place 
of the firft rays of the dorfal fin might reprelent, though 
imperfefllv, a kind of mane behind the head, which is 
very large, as in the lion : and a tuft of thin filaments 
riles upon the head of the male: this tuft or crown oc- 
cafioned the peafants of Norway to call it “ the king of 
fillies.” Daubenton, in the Encyclopedic methodique, 
lately publiftied, calls it “king of the herrings,” proba¬ 
bly becaule it feeds on herrings. The different parts of 
this animal exhibit proportions very rarely found among 
other fifties, and give it, at firft fight, the appearance of 
a monlter. At a diftance it looks like a flunk. The bo¬ 
dy is long, and laterally compreffed. The head is broad, 
and ends fomewhat in the fliape of a noi’e ; with feveral 
foramina, from which a vifeous matter is exprefled. 
The mouth opens acrofs, and underneath; it is fmall, 
with two large cutting-teeth in each jaw. At the upper 
jaw there are fome railed lines, feemingly compoied of 
dots ; the upper lip is divided like a hare’s. The ncftrils 
are direftly over the mouth; the Ikin of the head is 
wrinkled or plaited. The eyes are large ; the pupil fea- 
green, the iris white, and they lhine like cats eyes, 
which in fome countries has gained them the name of 
fia-cat. Below and above the eye is a curved line, which 
unites with the lateral line. The lateral line is continu¬ 
ed from the head quite to the end of the tail; it is white 
with a black border on each fide ; and, being very link¬ 
ing to the eye like that-of the haddock, the peafants of 
the north account it a variety of that fifli, and according¬ 
ly call it fpicl-Jlrengbyfe ; but it is to be oblerved, that tlie 
Norwegians have not lefs than twelve or fourteen differ¬ 
ent 
