512 C H O 
them from being choked up. Addifon.—'To hinder by ob- 
ltruftion and confinement: 
The fire, which chok'd in afhes lay, 
A load too heavy for his foul to move, 
Was upward blown below, and brufh’d away by \ove.Dijd. 
To fupprefs: 
And yet we ventur’d ; for the gain propos’d 
Chok'd the re Ip eft of likely peril fear’d. Shakefpeare. 
'To overpower.—And that which fell among thorns, are 
they which, when they have heard, go forth,'and are 
choked with cares, and riches, and pleafures of this life, 
and bring no fruit to perfeftion. Luke. 
CHOKE, f. The filamentous or capillary part of an 
artichoke. A cant •word. 
CHOKE', a town of Afia, in the country of Thibet; 
14.5 miles eaft-fouth-eaft ofLaffa. 
CHOKE-PEAR, f. A rough, harfli, unpalatable, pear. 
Any afperfion or farcafm, by which another is put to 
fiience. A low term. —Pardon me for going fo low as to 
talk of giving choke-pears. Clarijfa. 
CHO'KER, f. One that chokes or fuffocates another. 
One that puts another to fiience. Any thing that cannot 
be anfwered. 
CHO'KY, adj. That which has the power of fuffocation. 
CHOLA'VVIA, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate 
of Minlk : forty-two miles fouth-eaft of Minfk. 
CHOLEDO'CHUS,/. [from bile, and 
to receive.] In anatomy, it is a common name for the 
gall-bladder, the biliary dufts, and the common gall- 
duft, which communicates with the duodenum, called 
choledochus duftus. It feems to be a continuation of the 
duftus cyfticus ; for it is often obferved, that the duftus 
liepaticus runs, for fome fpace, within the fide of the 
duftus cyfticus, before it opens into its cavity: alfo at 
the opening of the hepatic duft into the cyftic, there is 
a fmall loofe membrane to hinder the bile from regur¬ 
gitating. 
CHO'LER,yi \cholera, Lat. from %oXvi.] The bile. See 
Medicine. The humour which, by its luperabundance, 
is fuppofed to produce irafcibility: 
It engenders choler , planteth anger, 
And better ’twere that both of us did faft, 
Since, of ourfelves, ourfelves are choleric, 
Than feed it with fuch over-roafted flefli. Shakefpeare. 
Anger; rage 5 
He, methinks, is no great fcholar. 
Who can miltake defire for choler. Prior. 
CHO'LERA MOR'BUS,/. A fudden reaching, or 
overflowing of the bile. See Medicine. 
CHO'LERIC, adj. [ cholericus , Lat.] Abounding with 
choler. Angry; irafcible: of perlons.—Bull, in the main, 
was an honeft, plain-dealing fellow, choleric , bold, and of 
a very unconftant temper. Arbuthnot .—Angry; offenfive: 
of words or aftions.—There came in choleric halte towards 
me about (even or eight knights. Sidney. —Becanus threat- 
eneth him, ufing his confident, or rather choleric, fpeech. 
Raleigh. 
CHO'LERICNF.SS,/. Anger; irafcibility; peeviflinefs. 
CHOL'LET, a town of France, and principal place of 
a diftrift, in the department of the Mayne and Loire : 
fix leagues weft of Argenton, and nine fouth-fouth-weft 
of Angers. Near this town, in February 1794, the French 
royalifts were defeated by the republican army, with great 
lots. Lat. 47. 3. N. Ion. 16.47. E. Ferro. 
CHOLM, a town of Ruflia, in the government of 
Plkov, on the river Lovat: 180 miles fouth of Peterfburg. 
Lat. 57. o. N. Ion. 49. o. E. Ferro. 
CHOLMOGO'RI, a town of Ruflia, in the government 
of Archangel, on the weft fide of the Dwina : twenty- 
eight miles fouth of Archangel, and 360 north-eaft of 
Peterfburg. 
C H O 
CHOLO'MA, f. [from lame.] Any halting, 
lamenefs, or diltortion of the leg/ 
CHO'LONG, a town of Afia, in the country of Thi¬ 
bet : fifty-feven miles north-north-weft of Chao-mahin°-- 
Hotun. 
CHOLO'SIS, f. [from %wXo?, lame.] Lamenefs; halt¬ 
ing; particularly that which is occasioned by one leg 
being fhorter than the other. 
CHOL'TITZ, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of 
Chrudim : fix miles north-weft of Chrudim. 
CHOLU'LA, a town of Mexico, in the province of 
Tlafcala, which formerly formed an independent ftate. 
It was held by the people of Mexico as a facred fpct, and 
the fanftuary of the gods; with a temple, in which they 
offer more viftims than in that of Mexico. 
CHO'MELIS, a town of France, in the department 
of the Upper Loire: four leagues and a half north of 
Le Puy. 
CHOM'MERAC, a town of France, in the department 
of the Ardeche, and chief place of a canton, in the dif¬ 
trift of Coiron: three miles fouth-eaft of Privas. 
CHOMON'CHOUAN, a lake of Canada: feventy-three 
leagues north-weft of Quebec. Lat. 49. zo.N. Ion. 75.40. 
W. Greenwich. 
CHOMSK, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate of 
Brzefc : fifty-fix miles eaft of Brzefc. 
CHO'NAD, a town of Hungary, fituated on the Ma- 
rofch, the fee of a bifhop, fuftragan of Colocza : twenty- 
five miles north of Temefvar. 
CHO'NAS, a town of France, in the department of 
the Ifere, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift of 
Vienne : thirteen miles (outh of Vienne. 
CHOND* a town of Arabia: 190 miles fouth-weft of 
Amanzirifdin. 
CHONDRIL'LA, f. a hillock of earth, a clot 
or duller.] In botany, a genus of the clafs lyngenefia, 
order polygamia aequalis, natural order compofita femi- 
flofculofae. The generic charafters are—Calyx : common 
calycled, cylindric; fcales of the cylinder very many, 
parallel, linear, equal; thofe of the bafe few, very ftiort. 
Corolla: compound imbricate, uniform; corollets her¬ 
maphrodite, very many, equal, in feveral rows; proper 
monopetalous, ftrap-fhaped, linear, truncated, four or 
five-toothed. Stamina: filaments five, capillary, very 
ftiort; anthera; cylindric, tubular. Piftillum : germ fub- 
ovate ; ftyle filiform, length of the ftamens; ftigmas two, 
reflex. Pericarpium: none; cklyx cylindric, oblong. 
Seeds : folitary, ovate, comprefled, muricated; pappus 
hairy, ftipe long, attenuated above. Receptaculum: na¬ 
ked.— EJfential Character. Calyx calycled; flofcules in 
many rows ; feeds muricated ; pappus Ample, ftipitated. 
Species. 1. Chondrilla juncea, or ruftiy gum-fuccory j 
radical leaves runcinate, Item leaves linear, entire. Root 
perennial. Stem much branched, from two to three feet 
high, ereft; at bottom ftrigofe, towards the top fmooth, 
bright green. Radical and lower leaves ovate-lanceolate, 
pinnatifid, finuate-toothletted, decurrent, lcabrous with 
few hairs; leaves higher on the item, and on the branches 
linear, tongue-fhaped, obtufe, quite entire, feflile, fmooth, 
glaucous-green. Native of France, Swiflerland, Germany, 
Auftria, Italy, and Spain; flowering in July, and ripen¬ 
ing its feeds in September. Cultivated in 1633. The juice 
of the whole plant is extremely bitter; in Spain, however, 
it is ufed as a falad herb. 
2. Chondrilla crepoides: leaves fagittate, ftem-clafp- 
ing; flowers fubfeflile, lateral. Stem Ample, a foot and 
a half high, purple at the bafe, ftriated, fet with a few 
white briltles. Annual. 
3. Chondrilla nudicaulis: fcape naked, flowers pani- 
cled. Native of the Eaft Indies, not of North America j 
and by the Egyptian pyramids, as Linnaeus fuppofed. 
Propagation and Culture. The firft fort is leldom pre- 
ferved in gardens, becaufe the roots are very apt to 
fpread, and become troublefome weeds. The downy feeds 
alfo are carried by the wind to a confiderable diltance, 
and 
