C H O 
and fill the ground with plants. The roots ftrike deep, 
and f'pread oat with thick fibres ; each of thefe, when cut 
or broken, will (hoot up 5 l'o that, when this plant has 
once got pofleffion of the ground, it is very difficult to 
root it out. The two other l'pecies have not been intro¬ 
duced into our gardens. See Apargia, Cacalia, Ca- 
TANANCHE, CENTAUREA, GrEPIS, ERIGERON, LaC- 
tuca, Lapsana, Leotodon, Pectis, Prenanthes, 
ScORZONERA, SONCHUS, and ClCHORIUM. 
CHONDROPTERY'GII, /. in ichthyology, the name 
of Linnaeus’s fixth order of fifties, containing thofe ge¬ 
nera which have cartilaginous gills, viz. the Acipenfer, 
Chimasra, Squalus, Raia, and Petromyzon ; which fee 
under their refpeftive heads. 
CHONG-TCHEOU, a town of Alia, in the kingdom 
of Corea : twenty-five miles fouth-weft of Ou-tcheou. 
To CHOOSE, <v. a. I chofe, I have chofen, or chafe ; 
[cboifir, Fr. ceoyan, Sax. kicfen , Germ.] To take by way 
of preference of feveral things offered; not to rejeft.— 
Did I cboofe him out of all the tribes of Ifrael to be my 
prieft ? 1 Sam. ii. 28.—To take; not to refufe,—Let us 
choofe to us judgment; let us know among ourfelves what 
is good. Job. —To feleft; to pick out of a number.—How 
much lefs (hall I anfwer him, and choofe out my words to 
reafon with him? Job. —To cleft for eternal liappinefs; 
to predeftinate to life. A term of theologians. 
To CHOOSE, v.n. To have the power of choice be¬ 
tween different things. It is generally joined with a ne¬ 
gative, and fignifies mujl neceffarily be. —When a favourite 
fhall be raifed upon the foundation of merit, then can he 
not choofe but profper. Bacon. 
Throw down a golden apple in her way; 
For all her hafle, (he could not choofe but flay. Dryden. 
CHOO'SER,/. He that has the power or office of 
choofing; eleftor.—This generality is not fufficient to 
make a good choofer, without a more particular contrac¬ 
tion of his judgment. Wotton. 
CHOOZ, a town of France, in the department of the 
Ardennes, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrift of 
Rocroy. 
To CHOP, v. a. [ happen , Dut. couper, Fr.] To cut 
with a quick blow : 
What fhall we do, if we perceive 
Lord Haftings will not yield to our complots ? 
—■ Chop off his head. Shahefpeare. 
To devour eagerly: with up. —You are for making a hafty 
meal, and for chopping up your entertainment like an hun¬ 
gry clown. Dryden. —To mince ; to cut into fmall pieces.— 
They break their bones, and chop them in pieces, as for 
the pot. Micah. —To break into chinks.—I remember the 
cow’s dugs, that her pretty chapt hands had milked. 
Shahefpeare. 
To CHOP, v. n. To do any thing with a quick and 
unexpefted motion, like that of a-blow; as we fay, the 
wind chops about; that is, changes fuddenly.—If the body 
repercufting be near, and yet not fo near as to make a 
concurrent echo, it choppeth with you upon the fudden. 
Bacon. —To catch with the mouth.—Out of greedinefs to 
get both, he chops at the fliadow, and lofes the fubftance. 
L'Ef range.—- To light or happen upon a thing fuddenly : 
with upon. 
To CHOP, v. a. [ceapan, Sax. koopen, Dut. to buy.] 
To pur chafe, generally by way of truck; to give one 
thing for another.—The chopping of bargains, when a man 
buys not to hold but to fell again, grindeth upon the 
felier and the buyer. Bacon .—To put one thing in the 
place of another.—We go on chopp'utg and changing our 
friends, as well as our horfes. L'Efrange. 
Sets up communities and fenfes, 
To chop and change intelligences. Budtbras. 
To bandy ; to altercate; to return one thing or word for 
another.—You’ll never leave off your chopping of logic, till 
your (kin is turned over your ears for prating. L'Ef range. 
Vo l. IV. No. 215. 
C H O 513 
CHOP, f A piece chopped off. See Chip. A'finall 
piece of meat, commonly of mutton: 
Old Crofs condemns all perfons to be fops, 
That can’t regale themfeives with mutton chops.King"sCook. 
A crack, or cleft.—Water will make wood to fwell; as 
we fee in the filling of the chops of bowls, by laying them 
in water. Bacon. 
CHOP-CHURCH, f. \_ecclefiarum permutatio."\ A word 
mentioned in a llatute of Henry VI. by the fenfe of which, 
it was in thofe days a kind of trade, and by the judges 
declared to be lawful; but Brooke, in his Abridgment, 
fays, it was only permiffable by law: it was without a 
doubt a nick-name given to thofe that ufed to change 
benefices ; as to chop and change is a common expreflion. 
9 He,n. VI. c. 65. 
CHO'PER, a river of Afiatic Ruftia, which runs into 
the Don, near Choperfkaia. 
CHOPERSK', a town of Afiatic Ruftia, in the govern¬ 
ment of Saratov, on the Choper: 140 miles weft of Sara¬ 
tov, and 648 fouth-fouth-eaft of Peterfburg. 
CHOPERSKAFA, a town of Ruffian Tartary, in the 
country of the Cofacs, on the Don : 192 miles north-eaft 
of Afoph, and fixty fouth-weft of Archadinfkaia. 
CHOP'HOUSE, f. A mean houfe of entertainment, 
where provifion ready dreffed is fold.—I loft my place at 
the ckopboufe, where every man eats in public a mefs of 
broth, or chop of meat, in filence. Addifcn. 
CHO'PIN,/. [French.] A French liquid meafure, con¬ 
taining nearly a pint Winchefter, or ftatute meafure. A 
term ufed in Scotland for a quart of wine meafure. 
CHO'PIN (Rene), a famous civilian, born at Bailleul 
in France, in 1537. Fie was advocate in the parliament 
of Paris, where he pleaded with great reputation. He 
compofed many works, which have been collefted and 
printed in 6 vols. folio. He died at Paris in 1606. 
CHOP'PING, part. adj. [in this fenfe_, of uncertain 
etymology.] An epithet frequently applied to infants, 
by way of ludicrous commendation; imagined by Skin¬ 
ner to fignify lufiy, from ca]~, Sax. by others to mean a 
child that would bring money at a market. Perhaps a 
greedy hungry child, likely to live: 
Both Jack Freeman and Ned Wild 
Would own the fair and chopping child. Fentok. 
CHOP'PING-BLOCK, f. A log of wood, on which 
any thing is laid to be cut in pieces.—The ftraight 
fmooth elms are good for axle-trees, boards, chopping- 
blocks. Mortimer. 
CHOP'PING-KNIFE, f. A knife with which cooks 
and butchers chop and mince their meat 
CHOF'PY, adj. Fail of holes, clefts, or cracks: 
By each at once her choppy finger laying 
Upon her fkinny lips. Shahefpeare. 
CHOPS,/, ’without afingular ; [corrupted probably from 
Chaps, which lee.] The mouth of a beaft.—So loon as 
my chops begin to walk, yours muff be walking too, for 
company. L'Ef range .—The mouth of a man, ufed in 
contempt: 
He ne’er (hook hands, nor bjd farewel to him, 
Till he unfeam’d him from the nape to th’ chops. Sbakefp. 
The mouth of any thing in familiar language ; as of a 
river, of a fmith’s vice, &c. 
CHOP'TANK, a river of United America, in the date 
of Delaware, which runs into the Chefapeak, twenty-five 
miles fouth-fbuth-eaft of Annapolis. 
CHO'RAI., adj. [from chorus, Lat.] Belonging to, or 
compofing, a choir or concert: 
All founds on fret by firing or golden wire. 
Temper’d foft tunings intermix’d with voice. 
Choral or unifon. Milton. 
Singing in a choir.—And choral feraphs fung the fecond 
day. Amharf. 
6 P 
CIIO'RAL, 
