54^ 
tineans, about June 13, being twenty clays before the 
Olympic games,, and ten days before the Panathenaea. 
419 Pfotagoras Qf.Ab.dera the fophift, and Appius Clau¬ 
dius, lived at this time. 
418 The Lacedemonians, gain a fignal victory over the 
Argives and Muntineans, about, Augult the ill; ,and 
foon after both parties' withdrew home to celebrate, 
Augult 6, their feftival, called,Carnia. 
415 The lcene of the Peloponnelian war is changed to 
Sicily. The Agrarian law firit moved in Rome. 
415 The llatues of Mercury at Athens thrown down 
May 9 th; and about the middle of June the Athe¬ 
nian fleet let fail for, Sicily. Alcibiades, being ac- 
culecl, is loon recalled from thence, and retires to 
Sparta. Parrliafius of Ephefus, the painter. 
414 Egypt revolts from the Perfians. The fecond part 
of tile Peloponnelian war, called the Decclean , begins. 
The Lacedemonians fend an army into Sicily about 
■the beginning of May. 
413 An eclipfe of the moon, on Auguft 27th, which fo 
frightened Nicias, that’he loft the Athenian army in 
Sicily. 
412 The Athenians, from their mifconduft in Sicily, are 
deferted by their allies of Chios, Samos, and Byzan¬ 
tium. Lyfias the orator. 
410 The Lacedemonians, under Mindarus, afiifted by 
Pharnabazus, are defeated at Cyzicum by the Athe¬ 
nians. 
409 The Carthaginians-enter Sicily^, deftroy Sehnus and 
Himera, but are repuifed by Hermocrates. 
407 Alcibiades returns to Athens, June the loth; and re¬ 
joins the army* about the. 28th of September. 
406 Agathon the comic poet, and Cebes the philolopher, 
flotirilhed about this time. 
405 The Athenian fleet, con lifting of 180 Ihips, are to¬ 
tally defeated at ZEgofpotamos by Lyfander, Decem¬ 
ber the 13th. Syracuie ufurped by Dionyfius. 
404 Athens taken by Lyfander, on the 24th of April, 
which finilhed the Peloponnelian war. Athens is go¬ 
verned by thirty tyrants. 
401 Cyrus is killed in,an.expedition againft liis brother 
Artaxerxes. Retreat of the 10,000 Greeks, The 
1 thirty tyrants are.expelled Athens by Thrafybulus. . 
40b Of the Julian period, 13x4 ; of Nabonalfar, 349 ; 95th 
Olympiad; of Rome, 354. 
400 Socrates is put to death by the Athenians. Xeno¬ 
phon the philofopher, furnamed the Attic Mule. 
398 Military catapultse invented about this time, by Dio¬ 
nyfius- of Syracuie. Pilander, the Lacedemonian ge¬ 
neral; died 394. 
397 Dionyfius of Syracufe makes war againft the Cartha¬ 
ginians, which continues about five years. Zeuxis, 
of Keraclea, the painter. 
396 Ageliiaus, king of-Lacedemonia, makes an expedi¬ 
tion into Afia, againft the Perfians. Antilfhenes the 
firll cynic philolopher. 
395 An alliance of the Athenians, Thebans, Corinthians, 
• and Argives, againft the Lacedemonians, which be¬ 
gan the Corinthian war. 
394 Sea fight at Cnidus a few days before the folar eclipfe, 
Auguft 14; when the Lacedemonians, under Pilan¬ 
der, were defeated by Conon. The allies were de-- 
feated a few days after at Coronea, by Ageliiaus. 
Archytas of Tarentum the Pythagorean philofopher 
and mathematician. 
392 Ariftippus fenior, of Cyrene, the philofopher, lived 
at this time ; alio Mago the Carthaginian general. 
390 Battle of Allia, July 17th, in which the Romans are 
defeated by the Gauls, and the city of Rome taken 
and burnt. Camillus, Roman di 61 ator. 
389 Plato made his firll voyage into Sicily. 
388 Dionyfius begins s the liege of Rhegium, which is taken 
after a defence of eleven months. 
387 Peace of Antalcidas, between the Perfians and Lace- 
monians, by which the Greek cities in Afia were made 
2 
[Before Christ. 
tributary to the Perfians. Damon and Pythias the 
Pythagorean philofopbers and friends. 
385 War of Cyprus finilhed by treaty, after it had laded 
two years. 
384'M: Manlius Capitoiinus died. Mithridates king of 
Pontus ;• died 36 3. 
377 Sea-fight at Naxus, September 20th, where the Lace¬ 
demonians under Pollis are defeated by Chabrias. 
Maufdlus prince of Caria ; died 353. Arete of Cy- 
rene, the female philofopher. 
374 Artaxerxes fends an army into Egypt, under Pharna¬ 
bazus, aififted with 20,000 Greeks, under Iphicr^tes. 
372 Diogenes, the cynic philofopher, lived in the time of 
Dion of Syracuie. 
3 71, Battle of LemSlra, July 8, in which the Lacedemonians 
are defeated by the Thebans under Epaminondas. 
370 The Mdlenians return into Peloponnefus, after a ba- 
nilhment of about 300 years. 
368 Eudoxus went into Egypt about this time, whence 
he brought the celeftial Iphere and the regular aftro- 
nomy into Greece. 
367 The populace of Rome obtain the privilege of hav¬ 
ing one of the confuls a plebeian. 
366 Eudoxus of Cnidus the altronomer flourilhed. 
365 The Romans renew the cuftom of fixing the chro¬ 
nological nail in the temple of Jupiter, on the Ides, 
or 13th of September, about this time. 
364 The Pifasans prefide in the Olympiad, having.exdud- 
ed the Eleans. Pelopidas is killed in a battle he gain¬ 
ed over Alexander of Pherasa. 
363 Battle of Mantinea, gained over the Lacedemonians 
by Epaminondas, who dies of a wound received in 
it. Ariftippus junior, the Cyrenaic philofopher. 
352 Ageliiaus carries an army into Egypt, to aflift Tachos 
againft the Perfians. Several of the Perfian govern¬ 
ments in the Lefler Alia revolt againft Artaxerxes. 
360 The firll battle gained by Philip was at Methon over 
> the Athenians. Plato’s fecond voyage into Sicily, 
about this time. 
359 The fecond battle gained by Philip was over the Il¬ 
lyrians, after an obftinate engagement with Bardyles 
their king. 
357 Dionyfius junior the Tyrant is expelled Syracufe by 
Dion. The fecond facred war begins from the Del¬ 
phic temples being attacked L>y the Phoceans. 
356 Lycurgus, furnamed Ibis, the Athenian orator, lived 
at this time; alfo C. M. Rutilius, the firll plebeian 
didlator, 
355 Dion put to death by the Zacynthian mercenaries, 
and Syracufe is governed by a fucceffion of Ihort- 
lived tyrants for leven years. 
353 The Phoceans under Onomarchus, afllfted by Lyco- 
phrqn tyrant of Pheraea, are defeated in Tlieflaly, by 
Philip. 
351 The Sidonians, being befieged by the Perfian army, 
burn their city and tljemfelves to death. 
35 ° Pgypt i s - conquered by Ochus, who compels Nec- 
tanebus to retire into Ethiopia. 
348 The facred war, finilhed by Philip king of Macedon* 
he having taken all the. cities of the Phoceans. 
347 Dionyfius recovers the tyranny of Syracufe, after ten 
years .baniftiment, and keeps it four years. 
345 Arillotle the philofopher flourilhed ; he died in 322, 
aged lixty-three. 
343 The war between the Romans and Snmnites begins, 
and continues feventy-one years. Timoleon reco¬ 
vers Syracufe to its liberty, baniflies Dionyfius to 
Corinth, and fettles a democracy. Protogenes of 
Rhodes, the painter. 
342 ZEfchines the orator banilhed 330. 
340 The Carthagen’uns are defeated by Timoleon in 3 great 
battle near Agrigentum in Sicily, fought June 13. 
339' Xenocrates the academic philofopher ; died 314, aged 
* eighty-tvvo. Parmenio the Macedonian general. 
338 The battle of. Chteronea, Auguft fecond, in which 
the 
C H R O N O L O G Y. 
