556 CHRON 
762 The city of Bagdad built by Alnianfor, and made the 
capital for the caliphs of the houfe of Abbas. 
763 A violent froft began, Oftober 1, and continued about 
150 days, to the end of February following. 
770 Conftantine diffolves the monafteries in the Eaft, 
obliging the monks and nuns to marry. 
771 Orlando, furnamed Furiofo, died in 77a. 
774 Pavia is taken by Charlemagne, which finifhed the 
kingdom of the Lombards, after it had lafted 206 
years. Aftulfus laft king of Lombardy. 
775 Alcuinus, an Englidt monk, flourilhed under Charle¬ 
magne. 
776 Nicephorus, having confpired, in May, againft his 
brother Leo IV. is bar.iChed to Cherfonefus. 
77 s The battle of Roncevaux. 
784 Charlemagne defeats Witikind and the Saxons in a 
battle which lafted three days. 
787 The feventh general council, or fecond of Nice, be¬ 
gan Sept. 24, and ended about the middle of October. 
792 Ethelbert, king of Eaft: Anglia, treacheroufty mur¬ 
dered by Ofta king of Mercia, who thus takes pof- 
feffion of Eaft: Anglia. 
794 Offa, by way of atonement for his villainy, begins 
the tax called Peter-pence in Mercia. 
795 Conilantine is dethroned, and put to death by his 
mother Irene. 
800 The emperors of the Weft, or of Germany, begin 
December 25 in Charlemagne, previoufly king of 
France and the conqueror of Lombardy. 
801 Of the Julian period 5514. 
802 The emprefs Irene is depofed and banifhed to Lefbos, 
Oftober 31. Joannes Damafcenus, furnamed Mefue 
the Arabian, a Chriftian, and phyiician to the caliph 
Rasjidus ; died about 846. 
807 Jupiter was eclipled by the moon, January 31, three 
hours after midnight, being both in z° 27^0!'Libra. 
810 A civil war among the Saracens between Alaminus 
. and Almamon. 
811 Nicephorus is defeated and killed by Crunnus king 
of the Bulgarians, July 6. Eginhard the liiftorian 5 
died 842. 
813 Michael, emperor of the Eaft, is defeated by Crun¬ 
nus, May 23, and retires into a monafterjq July 11. 
Crunnus takes Adrianople in December. Biorno firft 
king of Sweden. 
816 Learning is greatly encouraged among the Saracens 
by Almamon; he made an obl'ervation on the fun’s 
greateft declination, and found it to be 23 0 34'. 
819 Almamon ordered his aftronomers to meafure a de¬ 
gree of latitude on the plains of Singar near Babylon, 
and found it to be 5o|- Arabian miles. 
S20 Leo V. is killed in the temple at Conftantinople by 
Michael, on December 25. 
822 Conftantinople befieged by the Saracens under Tho¬ 
mas the Slave, but railed by the Bulgarians; and 
Thomas is befieged and taken in Adrianople in Oil. 
823 The Saracens of Spain take poffeflion of Crete, and 
give it the name of Candia. 
S26 Harold V. king of Denmark, dethroned by his fub- 
jeits for being a Chriftian. 
827 The Almageft of Ptolemy tranflated into Arabic by 
order of Almamon. 
828 The kingdom of England begin: under Egbert. 
829 Michael II. furnamed the Stammerer, died Oft. 1. 
830 The tons of Louis lhut him up in a monaftery at Soif- 
l'ons ; but he is foon releafed. 
832 Theophilus banilhes the painters out of the eaftern 
empire from his hatred againft images. 
S33 The three eldeft fons of Louis again rebel againft 
their father. 
838 The Pifts defeated, and their nation extirpated, by 
Kenneth king of Scotland. Alftan, bilhop of Slier- 
born, Englilh minifter ; died 868. Pepin II. king of 
Aquitain ; died 864. 
840 Lewis le Debonnaire, or the Pious, died at Ingelheim, 
June 20, aged 64. 
2 
O L O G Y. [After Christ. 
841 The battle of Fontenai, where Lotharius is defeated 
by his two brothers, July 2 5. 
842 Theophilus, emperor of the Eaft, died January 30. 
843 The French peers aflemble at Thionville, make a new 
partition of the French dominions among the three 
brothers, March 16. 
844 Ramirus king of Leon, defeats Abdurrahman king 
of Corduba, and kills 7000 Saracens. Charles is de- 
. feated by Pepin in Aquitain, July 7. Swithin bilhop 
ofWinchefter; died 854. 
848 The Venetian fleet is totally defeated by the Saracens 
in the bay of Crotona. 
853 The Normans get poflelfion of fome cities in France. 
855 The emperor Lotharius, being fick of the world, re- 
tires to a monaftery, and dies September 28. 
859 A remarkably violent froft, when they ufed carriages 
on the Adriatic. Photius, patriarch of Conftantino¬ 
ple ; depofed 886. 
865 A civil war among the Saracens. 
867 The Danes, under Ivar, being brought into England 
by earl Bruern, conquer Northumberland. Michael 
III. emperor of the Eaft, is put to death by Bafilius. 
868 The government of Egypt becomes independent of 
the Saracen caliphs of Bagdad. 
872 Clocks firft brought to Conftantinople from Venice. 
The battle of Wilton, in which Alfred is defeated 
by the Danes. 
'875 Charles le Chauve, or the Bald, both emperor and 
king of France. 
877 Charles le Chauve dies at Brios, palling the Alps, on 
the 5th or 6th of Oftober, aged 55, being poifoned by 
his phyfician, one Zedekiah a Jew. 
878 Alfred conceals himlelf in the ifle of Athelney in 
Somerfetlhire, but foon after defeats the Danes in the 
battle of Edington in that county. 
879 Kingdom of Arles begins. Baldwin earl of Flan¬ 
ders ; died 919. 
882 Albategni, the Arabian mathematician, obferves the 
autumnal equinox at Araftus, on September 19, one 
hour and fifteen minutes after midnight. 
883 Albategni obferves, about this time, rhat the firft ftar 
of Aries was 18 0 z' from the equinoctial point. 
884 Charles le Gros, or the Fat, pofleifes all cut dominions 
of Charlemagne. 
886 The univerfity of Oxford founded by Alfred about 
this time. Bafilius died March 1. 
887 Paris befieged by the Normans, but bravely defended 
by Goflin bifltop of Paris. 
888 The dominions of Charles le Gros are divided into 
five kingdoms upon his death, January 13. 
890 Alfred cojnpofes his famous body of laws about this 
time. 
891 Arnolph, emperor of Germany, defeats 90,000 Nor¬ 
mans between the Rhine and the Meufe, in Sept. 
896 Arnolph belieges and takes Rome from Guido, who 
had made himlelf emperor. 
897 Haron caliph of Egypt at this time; died 905. 
901 Of the Julian period 5614. 
902 The Saracens defeated by Himerius at fea, Oct. 6. 
904 The Hungarians ravage Italy. A froft of 120 days 
began in the end of this year. 
905 Haron, caliph of Egypt, and the laft of the race of 
Tulun, conquered and killed. 
910 A war begins in England againft the Danes, which 
continues for twelve years. 
911 Leo VI. died June 11 : he wrote feveral learned trea- 
tifes in this age of ignorance. 
912 The Normans eftablifh themfelves in France under 
Rollo, furnamed the Great Duke of Normandy; died 
907. The Carlovingian race of emperors end in 
Louis III. who died January 21. 
916 Ordonno II. defeats the Saracens in Spain, and kills 
70,000 of them a few-days after an eclipfe of the fun, 
which happened April 5. 
917 William, furnamed Longfword, duke of Normandy; 
died 943. 
919 Phocas, 
