After Christ.] C H R O N 
1134. The inquifition, begun in 1204, is now trufted to the 
Dominicans. 
S241 Matthew Paris, the hiftorian; died 1259- Enguer- 
rand de'Couci; died 1253. 
1242 The battle of Taillebourg. 
1245 Genera) council of Lyons for renewing the crufades. 
124!) The fifth crufade, under Louis IX. who let out on 
Friday, June 12, and wintered in Cyprus. 
1249 Damietta in Egypt taken by Louis IX. June 5. 
1250 Louis IX. defeated in Egypt, and taken priioner, 
April 5. Melee Sala, fultan of Egypt; died 1250. 
The kingdom of Naples reftored under Conrad I. 
125a Albertus Magnus; died 1280, aged feventy-five. • 
1253 The famous aftronomical tables aTe compofed by 
Alphonfo XI. king of Caftile., about this time. 
1254 St. Thomas Aquinas ; died 1274. 
1258 The empire of the Saracens ends, by the Tartars 
taking Bagdad. 
1261 The Greek emperors recover Conftantinople from 
the French in July, Roger Bacon; died 1284, 
aged feventy-eight, 
1263 The earl of Leicefter, at the head of the barons, 
makes war againlt king Henry III. 
1264 Battle of Lewes, in which Henry is taken prifoner, 
May 14. The commons of England firlt fummoned 
to parliament, according to fome. 
1265 Battle of Evelham, gained by prince Edward over 
the earl of Leicefter, Auguft: 4. 
1266 Battle of Beneventum, February 26. 
1267 Police of the city of Paris eltablilhed about this time 
by Stephen Boileau. Cimabue, the firlt of the mo¬ 
dern painters at Florence ; died 1300. 
1268 Battle of Celano in Italy, fatal to Conradin, Aug. 25. 
1270 Prince Edward fets out for the Holy Land in May, 
and was abfent till the 25th of June 1274. 
1273 The empire of the prefent Aultrian family begins 
in Rodolph of Hablburgh. 
1277 Nepotifm firlt avowed at Rome by pope Nicholas III. 
1278 Ottogar, king of Bohemia, defeated and killed in 
battle, by the emperor Rodolph. 
1279 The famous mortmain a£t pafles in England in 
November. 
1282 The Sicilian vefpers, when 8000 French were maf- 
facred, March 30. Lewellyn prince of Wales de¬ 
feated and killed in the battle of Llandweir, De¬ 
cember 11. The kingdom of Sicily begins under 
Peter, king of Arragon. 
1283 Wales conquered by king Edward, and united to 
England. Raymond Lulli. 
1284 Charles king of Naples defeated by Peter king of 
Arragon’s fleet, under Roger de Lauria, near Na¬ 
ples, June 5. 
1291 Ptolemais taken by affault. May 19, by fultan Me- 
lac, which finilhed the croifades. John,Duns, lur- 
named Scotus; died 130S, aged forty-three. 
1292 Humphrey Bohun, conftable of England; died 1298. 
1293 There is a regular fucceflion of Englifh parliaments 
from this year. 
1294 The parties of the Neri and the Bianchi begin in 
Tufcany. 
1295 The Vilconti family created dukes of Milan. 
1296 Thebit, the Arabian aftronomer, and firlt difeoverer 
of the motion of trepidation. Roger Bigod, earl of 
Norfolk, and earl marfhal of England ; died 1306. 
1297 The emperor Adoiphus is depoled, defeated, and 
killed, in battle, by Albert, afterwards emperor, in 
the battle of Spires, July 2. 
1298 The prefent Turkifh empire begins in Bithynia. 
■ Battle of Falkirk, July 22. Sir William Wallace, 
regent of Scotland ; died 1304. 
1301 Of the Julian period 6014. 
1301 Dante, with the white faStionj banifhed Florence, 
by Charles of Valois and Boniface VIII. A violent 
quarrel between Philip the Fair and the pope. 
1302 The mariner’s compafs invented or improved by 
Flavio. - 
% 
OLOGY. 559 
1304 Dante, the Florentine poet; died 1321, aged 56. 
1307 The beginning of the Swifs cantons. Pierce Ga- 
vefton, Englifh minifter; died 1311. 
1308 The popes remove to Avignon for .leventy years. 
1310 The knights of St.John take Rhodes, and fettle there. 
1312 The order of the knights templars condemned and 
extinguilhed in the council of Vienna, March 22. 
1313 Molay, grand mailer, with a number of the templars^ 
are burnt alive at Paris, March 11. 
1314 The cardinals fet fire to the conclave, and feparate. 
The battle of Bannockburn, July 25. 
1316 James Doffo, bilhop of Oporto, the ion of a cobler, 
is chofen pope by his fingle vote. 
1318 A fevere famine in Great Britain. 
1321 Abulfeda finifhed his Arabian geography; died 
1383. Peter Remi, French minifter, hanged in 1328. 
1322 Battle of Muldorff, September 28, where Frederic 
of Auftria was taken prifoner by Louis, furnamed 
the Bavarian. 
1326 Queen Ifabella brings an army into England againft: 
her hulband Edward II. September 22. 
1327 Edward II. is depoled by parliament in the begin¬ 
ning of January. 
1329 The battle of Mount Caffe), Auguft 23, gained by 
king Philip over the Flemings. 
1331 The knights of the Teutonic order firft enter Pruflia, 
and fettle. , 
133a Nicephoras Gregoras, the aftronomer andhiftorian; 
died 1350. Edward Baliol ; died 1363. 
1337 The firft comet whofe courfe is deferibed with an 
aftronomical exadtnefs appeared this year, in the 
beginning of June. James d’Arteville, brewer, of 
Ghent; died 1346. 
1338 King Edward III. begins bis war againft France. 
1340 The French defeated by Edward III. in a fea-fight 
near Helvoetfluys ; it was followed with a truce, 
which lafted four years. 
1341 John Cantacuzenus ufurps the eaftern empire for 
feventeen years; dies 1375. 
1342 The knights and burgefles firft fit together in the 
fame houfe of parliament in England. 
1343 Leontius Pilatus, of Theflalonica, reftorer of Greek 
learning in Italy. 
1344 Edward III. renews the war againft Fiance. 
1345 Andrew of Hungary, and hufband to Joan queen 
of Naples, ftrangled and hanged at Averfa, near 
Naples, September 18, by a confpiracy of his wife. 
1346 The battle of Crefly, Auguft 26. 
1347 Rienzi’s ufurpation at Rome, as an ancient tri¬ 
bune of the people. Calais taken by king Edward, 
Auguft 4. 
1348 A teriible plague in Europe, which carried off near 
the fourth part 'of its inhabitants. 
1349 The order of the garter inftituted in England, 
April 23. 
1352 The Turks firft enter Europe. 
1354 Francis Petrarch, and Jovanni Boccacio, flourifhed 
at this time. 
1356 Battle of Poiiftiers, September 19, in which John 
king of France was taken prifoner by Edward, lur- 
named the Black Prince. 
1360 The treaty of Bretigni, May 8. 
1361 Matthew of Weftminfter, furnamed Florilegus; died 
about 1380. Charles the Wicked, king of Navarre; 
died 1387. 
1362 Law pleadings in England changed from French to 
Englifh, as a favour of Edward III. to his people, in 
his fiftieth, or jubilee year. 
1364 Battle of Cocherel, May 6. Battle of Avrai, Sept. 29. 
1367 Battle of Neiara in Caftile, April 4. Henry, comte 
de Treftamar, afterwards king of Caftile. 
1369 John Wickliff, the head of the Lollards. 
1372 Earl of Pembroke defeated at lea by Boccanegra, 
the Spanifti admiral. 
1373 John Gower, of Stitenham, Yorkfhire, the firft Eng¬ 
lifh poet; died 1402, 
1376 John 
