5 7 o C H R 
of the filament. Piftillum: common germ oblong, ob- 
fufe; ftyle filiform, length of the (tamens; ftigma fim- 
ple.— EJfential Charafter. Glume bivalve ; corolla, of nu¬ 
merous, fetaceous, chaffs; ftamina many, fqlitary, be¬ 
tween the chaff's; piftillum, one; none in the male plants. 
There is only one fpecies, called Chryfitrix Capenfis, 
or Cape golden-hair. Root perennial; leaves enfiform, 
equi-diftant, even, a palm or foot in length ; fcape very 
much like a leaf, compreffed, membranaceous, terminated 
by a bivalve fpathe, one valve ftraight as if it were con¬ 
tinued from the fcape; the other, which is the lower,, 
gaping and ovate. The flower comes forth from the up- 
er edge of the fcape, like a falligiate falcicle of golden 
riffles ftraitened by a cartilaginous perianthium, Juffieu 
remarks, that this herb has grafly root-leaves; a com- 
prefled ancipital fcape towards the top cloven on one fide 
at the edge, putting forth a Angle feflile head, with a 
one-valved coriaceous fpathe below it, and that the germ 
is fometimes abortive. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
CHRYSOAS'PIDES, f Soldiers in the armies of Per- 
fia, whofe arms -were all covered with filver, to difplay the 
opulence of the prince whom they ferved. JuJlin. 
CHRY'SO-BE'RYL.yi [from gold, and /JspvX- 
A©-, beryllus.] The yellow beryl; a gem, or precious 
ftone, found at Brafil. See Mineralogy. 
CHRYSQBA'LANUS, f. [j^pvir©', gold, and / 3 «a«;i© 
a drupe, Linn. —BaAatv©- is an acorn, and is put alio for 
other fruits, as chefnuts, beech-mall, &c.] In botany, a 
genus of the clafs icofandria, order monogynia, natural 
order pomaceae. The generic characters are—Calyx: 
perianthium one-leafed, bell-lhaped, five-cleft, diviflons 
expanding, withering. Corolla: petals five, ohlong, flat, 
fpreading, inferted by their claws into the calyx. Sta¬ 
mina : ftamens very many, placed in a circle, ereCl, in¬ 
ferted into the calyx; antherse fmall, twin. Piftillum: 
germ ovate; ftyle of the lhape and length of the ftamens, 
inferted laterally at the bafe of the germ ; ftigma obtufe, 
Pericarpium: drupe ovate, large, one-celled. Seed : nut 
ovate, marked with five furrows, wrinkled, five-valved.— 
EJJ'ential Charatler. Calyx five-cleft; petals five ^ ftyle la¬ 
teral ; drupe with a five-furrowed, five-valved, hut. 
There is only one fpecies, known by the name of 
chryfobalanus icaco, or cocoa plum. It is defcribed by 
Jacquin as an irregular fhrub, from three to ten feet 
high, covered with a ferruginous bark with pale fpots. 
Leaves ovate-roundifh, obtufe, entire, coriaceous, fhining, 
on very fhort petioles, alternate, two inches long; ra¬ 
cemes branched, eorymbed, lax, terminating, and axil¬ 
lary, fhort; the laft common peduncles three-flowt red. 
Flowers inodorous, fmall, with white petals, having al- 
moft the charafler of the plum. Fruits roundifn, about 
an inch in diameter, either quite entire, or with five, fix, 
or feven, grooves; red, purple, yellow, whitifh, or varie- 
■gated, but never blue, as Catefby defcribes it; whence 
the fhrub of the Bahama iflands may perhaps be a diffe¬ 
rent fort. The fkin is very thin, and the pulp is fmall, 
white, with very little fmell, adhering very firmly to the 
nut, the confiftence of a baked apple, the tafte fiyeet with 
ibrne aufterity, but not unpleaiknt. They are fold in 
the markets in the Weft Indies, and are eaten both raw 
and prelerved. The nut or ftone varies in form, but ap¬ 
proaches to the ovate-acuminate, and fometimes has fix 
or feven angles. Native of the Caribbee iflands, and the 
neighbouring continent, near the fea. There are feveral 
varieties. 
Propagation and Culture. As thefe trees are natives of 
the hot parts of America, they will not thrive in England 
unlefs they are kept in a warm ftove. They are propa¬ 
gated by feeds, which mult be obtained from the coun¬ 
tries where the plants naturally grow; thele rauft be fown 
in the fpring in fmall pots filled with light earth, and 
plunged into a hot-bed of tanners’bark, obferving fre¬ 
quently to water the pots, but not to let them have much 
at each time. In fix weeks the plants will come up, and, 
if properly managed, will be fit to remove in a month 
i 
C H R 
after, when they fhould be carefully feparated, and each 
planted into a fmall pot filled with light kitchen-garden 
earth, and then plunged into the hot-bed again, obferving 
to fhade them from the fun till they have taken frefh root; 
after which they muft have air every day in proportion t» 
the warmth of the feafon, and their waterings during the 
fummer fhould be frequent, but fparing. In the autumn 
the plants muflrbe removed into the bark-ftove, and 
plunged into the tan-bed'; and in winter the plants muft 
not have too much water, left it occafion their throwing 
off their leaves. In fummer they muft have a good fhare 
of air, and the plants in the ftove fhould be conftantly 
treated in the fame manner as other tender plants from 
the fame countries. 
CHRYSOCOL'LA, f [from gold, and 
cement.] Gold folder, or borax. See Borax. 
CHRYSO'COMA, f. [from j/p va&, gold, and y.o^ 
the head of hair; the head, flowering’, or leafy top, of 
trees and herbs,] Goldy-Locks ; in botany, a genus cvf 
the clafs fyngenefia, order polygamia aequllis, natural 
order of compofitse difeoideas. The generic characters 
are—Calyx : common -hemifpherical, imbricate 5 feales 
linear, outwardly convex, acuminate. Corolla: com¬ 
pound tubular, longer than the calyx; corollets herma¬ 
phrodite, tubular, numerous, equal; proper funnel-form, 
border five-cleft, revolute. Stamina: filaments five, fili¬ 
form, very fhort; antherse cylind'ric, tubular. Piftillum; 
germ oblong, crowned; ftyle filiform, fcarcely longer than 
the florets ; ftigmas two, oblong, depreffed, involute. Pe¬ 
ricarpium: none; calyx fcarcely changed. Seeds: foli- 
tary, ovate-oblong, compreffed ; pappus hairy. Recep- 
taculum: naked, flat.— EJfential Chara 5 ler. Calyx hemi¬ 
fpherical, imbricate; ftyle fcarcely longer than the florets; 
pappus-fimple; receptaculum naked. 
Species. I. Shrubby. 1. Chryfocoma oppofitifolia, or 
oppofite-leaved goid'i -locks : fhrubby ; leaves oppofite, 
obovate; flowers fafcicled, peduncled. A fhrub, with 
brachiate fiillorted branches; flowers yellow, terminating* 
Native of the Cape. 
2. Chryfocoma eomaurea, or great fhrubby golden- 
locks : fhrubby; leaves linear, ftraight, fmooth, decurrent 
by the back. This- fpecies grows aifo naturally at the 
Cape of Good Hope. This rifes .with a ligneous italic 
about a foot high, dividing into many fmall branches, 
which are garnifhed with narrow leaves, of a deep green, 
coming out on every fide without order; the back part 
of each leaf has a fmall fhort appendix, which runs along 
the ftalks. The flowers are produced at the end of the 
branches, oil flender naked foot-ftalks, and are of a pale 
yellow. This plant flowers great part of the year, for 
which 1 it is chiefly efteemed; and the feeds ripen very well 
in autumn. 
3. Chryfocoma feriaceafhrubby, filky-white ; leaves 
linear, channelled; fmall branches panicied at top. This is 
ealily diftinguifhed by its very white filky leaves, branches, 
and peduncles, and by its yellow flowers ; leaves near an. 
inch long, flaccid. The bark and wood have an acrid 
pungent tafte. This is a native of Spain ; and is ufed by 
the inhabitants againft the tooth-ach. 
4. Chryfocoma montana: fhrubby ; leaves oblong, quite 
entire; flowers folitary. Stem fhrubby, with round vil- 
lofe branches. Forfkael gathered it on mount Horeb. 
5. Chryfocoma patula; underfhrubby; leaves linear, 
fmooth ; branches divaricate. Stem compound, with the 
branches by threes or fours, even. Native of the Cape.. 
6. Chrylocoma cernua, or fmall fhrubby golden-locks: 
fhrubby ; leaves linear, recurved, fubfeabrous ; flowers, 
during impregnation, drooping. The fixth lpecies is a 
native of the Cape of Good Hope, and is a lefs plant than 
the fecond; it has a fhrubby llalk, branching out in the 
fame manner ; the leaves are fhorter, and a little hairy ; 
the flowers are not half fo large, of a pale fulphur colour, 
and nod on one fide before they are blown. This alia 
flowers great part of the year, and ripens feeds very well. 
7. Chryfocoma ciliata, or heath-leaved goldy-locks; 
under- 
