C H U 
C H U 
It is a deanery in the archdeaconry of Barnftaple; the 
church was formerly collegiate, and dedicated to St. Mary 
Magdalen. The tremendous ltorrn of thunder and light¬ 
ning, which was fo univerlal on Sunday the 30th of July, 
1797, commenced at Chumleigh, about one o’clock'in the 
morning. It ftruck off the fouth-eaft pinnacle of the' 
tower,partofwhichfallingontheroof of the church, forced 
its way through, and did confiderable damage. The force 
of the lightning Was fo great, that one ffone, upwards of 
two hundred pounds weight, was thrown to the nortli- 
eaft, and carried quite over the tower without touching 
it. There are four prebends annexed to the reftory, viz, 
Brokeland, Higherline, Lowerline, and Pennel, in the gift 
of the duke of Beaufort. 
CHUMP,/. A thick heavy piece of wood, lefs than a 
block.—When one is battered, they can quickly, of a 
chump of wood, accommodate themlelves with another, 
Moxon. 
CHUN-KING, a city of China, of the firff rank, in the 
province of Se-tchuen: 760 miles fouth-fouth -weft of Pe¬ 
king. Lat. 30. 50. N. Ion. 123. 30. E. Ferro. 
CHUN-L 1 EOU, a town of Alia, in the kingdom of Co¬ 
rea : twenty-five miles eall-north-eaft of Koang-tcheou. 
CHUN-NGAN, a town of China, of the third rank, 
in the province of Tche-kiang: eleven leagues north of 
Kiu-tcheou. 
CHUN-NING, a city of China, of the firff rank, in the 
province of Yun-nan: 4.20 leagues fouth-weft of Peking. 
Lat. 24. 37. N. Ion. 117. 30. E. Ferro. 
CHUN-TCHAN, a town of China, of the third rank, 
in the province of Fo-kien: twenty miles weft-north-weft 
of Yen-ping. 
CHUN-TCHUEN, a town of Afia, in the kingdom of 
Corea : twenty-two miles fouth-eaft of Han-tcheou. 
CHUN-TE, a city of China, of the firft rank, in the 
province of Pe-tche-li: 200 miles north-north-weft of 
Peking. Lat. 37. 5. N. Ion. 132.5. E. Ferro. 
CHUN-TIEN, a town of Afia, in the kingdom of Co¬ 
rea : 27 miles foutli-fouth-eaft of Koang-tcheou. 
CHUN-YAN, a town of Afia, in the kingdom of Co¬ 
rea: twenty-five miles fouth of Han-tcheou. 
CAUNARJ, a ftrong garrifoh town, with a fort, fitu- 
ated on the Ganges, twenty miles above the city of Be¬ 
nares. The fort of Cliunar is built on a rock, fortified 
all rbund by a wall, and towers at various dilfances. At 
that end overlooking the river is fituated the citadel, 
which has formerly been ftrong. This fort is faid to be 
of the higheft antiquity, and originally built by the Hin¬ 
doos. In the citadel there is an altar, confilting of a plain 
black marble (lab, on which the tutelary deity of the place 
is traditionally fuppofed to be feated at all times, except 
from funrife till nine in the morning, when he is at Be¬ 
nares ; and, during that time,'from the fuperftition of the 
Hindoos, attacks may be made with a prolpedt of fuccefs. 
In various parts of the fort there are old fculptures of the 
Hindoo divinities, now nearly defaced by time; and on 
the gates fome old Perfian infcriptions, mentioning in 
whole,reign, and by whom, the fort was repaired and 
ftrengthened. This has always been conlidered as a place 
of great confequence upon the Ganges, from its mfu- 
lated fituation, projecting forwards to a confiderable ex¬ 
tent, and being of confiderable height. It was belieged 
by the Englilh, under major Hedtor Munro, in the war 
©f 1764, againft Sujah ul Dowlah, and was gallantly de¬ 
fended by its commandant, an Abyfiinian, fo that the 
firft attempt of the Englilh was unluccefsful; but, on the 
fall of Allahabad, the commandant finding that the whole 
country had fubmilted to .the Englilh, thought it needlefs 
to hold out any longer, and on the 7th of February 1765, 
he furrendtred/he fort to major (afterwards general) Stib- 
bert. It was refcored to the nabob at the peace; and, in 
1772, was formerly ceded by him to the Englilh Eaft-In- 
dia company in exchange for the fort of Allahabad. In 
the dilpute with Cheyt Sing, in 1781, Mr. Ilaftings, 'the 
governor-general, found it neceflary to retreat to this 
575 
place with his fuite, in the night of the 21ft of Auguft, in 
the expedfation of an immediate attack upon the place 
(Benares) where he then was, by the rajah Cheyt Sing. 
He returned to Benares on the 28th of September follow¬ 
ing, the war being nearly concluded, or at leaft the danger 
pall. At Cliunar is kept the magazine of ammunition 
and artillery for the brigade of Cawnpore : 13 miles fouth 
of Benares. Lat. 25. 10, N. Ion. 83. 5. E. Greenwich. 
CHUN'AUB, a river of Afia, which riles in the moun¬ 
tains, between Hindooftan and Thibet, and runs into the 
Indus, twenty miles weft from Moultan. 
CHUNG, a town of China, of the third rank, in the 
province of Pe-tche-li: 20 miles north -eaft of Peking. 
CHUPRAH', a town of Hindooftan, in the Candeilh 
country : fifty miles weft of Burhampour, and 112 fouth- 
fbuth-woft of Indore. 
CHUPRAH', a town of Hindooftan, in the country of 
Baliar, on the north coaft of the Ganges: twenty-five 
miles north-weft of Patna. 
CHUR AQUE'R, a town of Armenia : forty-eight miles 
weft of Erivan. 
CHUR A'SCH, a town of Arabia: forty-four miles fouth 
of Shade. 
CHURCH,/. [ herch , Dut. and Low Ger. kerche, High 
Ger. hyriclna.3 Su. chirich , Teut. cyjiic, cince, Sax. of 
xvgiiiy.'/i, Gr. fcil. oiy.ia., i. e. the Lord’s houfe.J The col- 
ledlive body of Chriftians, ufually termed the catholic 
church.—The church, being a fupernatural fociety, doth 
differ from nat ural focieties in this ; that the perfons unto 
whom we affociate ourfelves in the one, are men, fimply 
conlidered as men; but they to whom we be joined in 
the other, are God, angels,- and holy men. Hooker. —The 
body of Chriftians adhering to one particular opinion, or 
form of worfhip.—The church is a religious affembly, or 
the large fair building where they meet; and lometimes 
the lame word means a fy nod of bilhops, or of prelbyters ; 
and in fome places it is the pope and a general council. 
Watts. —The place which Chriftians confecrate to the wor- 
fliip of God.—That churches were confecrated unto none 
but the Lord only, the very general name chiefly doth 
finfficiently (hew : church doth fignify no other thing than 
the Lord’s houfe. Hooker-. 
Tho’ you untie the winds, and let them fight 
Againlt the churches , it were all in vain 1 Shakefpeare. 
It is ufed frequently in conjunction with other words ; as 
church-metnber, the member of a church; church-power 3 
fpiritual or ecclefiaftical authority,. &c. 
To CHURCH, nj. a. To perform with any one the of¬ 
fice of returning thanks in the church after any fignal de¬ 
liverance, as from the danger of childbirth, &c. 
The manner of founding churches in ancient times was, 
after the founders had made their applications to the bilhop 
of the diocele, and had his licence, the bilhop or his commil- 
fioners fet up a crofs, andfet forth the church-yard where 
the church was to he built; and then the founders might 
proceed in the building, and when the church was finifh- 
ed, the bilhop was to confecrate it; and then, and not 
before, the facraments were to be adrainiftered in it. Stil- 
lingfleet’s Ecclefiaftical Cafes. But, by the common law 
and cuftom of this realm, any perfon may build a church 
without licence from the bilhop, fo as it be not prejudi¬ 
cial to any ancient churches; though the law takes no 
notice of it as a church, till confecrated by the bilhop, 
which is the reafon why church and no church, &c. is to 
be tried and certified by the bilhop. And, in fome cafes, 
though a church has been confecrated, it muft be confe¬ 
crated again ; as in cafe any murder, adulteiy, or forni¬ 
cation, be committed in it, whereby it is defiled ; or if the 
church be deftroyed by fire, See. The ancient ceremonies 
in confecrating the ground on which the church was in¬ 
tended to be built, and of the church itfelf after it was 
built, were thus : when the materials were provided for 
building, the bilhop came in his robes to the place; and, 
having prayed, he then perfumed the ground with in- 
cenle, 
