602 
c r n 
C I N 
wards the end. Leaves a (hort fpan in length, a hand in 
breadth, obtufe. Native of Pern. Communicated toVahl, 
by JulTieu. 
3. Cinchona macrocarpa, or long-fruited cinchona: 
leaves oblong, pub'efcent, underneath ribbed. Branches 
jointed, the lize of a fwan’s quill. Leaves more than a 
hand in length, oblong, the younger ones elliptic, fome- 
vvhat coriaceous; the upper Turface fmooth and fhlni.ng, 
the lower pubel’cent and ribbed. Native of Santa Fe. 
Vahi received it from Ortega. It is defcribed in the lat¬ 
ter editions of the Syftema Vegetabilium, under the name 
of cinchona officinalis ; and is there laid to have been re¬ 
ceived from Mutis. 
II. Corollas Iinooth, Itamens ftanding out. 4. Cinchona 
Caribbaea, or Caribbean cinchona: pedunclesaxillary, 
one-flowered. According to Jacquin, this is an ere6i 
branching Ihrub, ten feet high : from fifteen to twenty 
feet in height, as Swartz affirms. Jacquin fays, that the 
leaves are from two to three inches long, and reflex at the 
end; that the flowers are of a very pale flelh-colour, and 
exceedingly fweet-feented ; and the capfules, before they 
are ripe, green, very bitter, and abounding in a juice 
that excites a heat and irritation on the lips and noltrils. 
Swartz adds, that the leaves are chiefly crowded at the 
ends of the twigs; that they are decuflated, and chan¬ 
nelled along the midrib ; that the ftipules are blackilh ; 
that the peduncles are both terminating and axillary, 
one-flowered, and fmooth ; that the tube of the corolla 
is an inch long and quinquangular; the fegments reflex, 
revolute at the edge; that the filaments are inferred to¬ 
wards the bafe of the tube.; the anthers narrow, almolt 
the length of the filaments. 
Dr. Wright informs us, that the jefuits' bark tree of 
Jamaica and the Caribbees riles only to twenty feet, with 
a trunk not thick in proportion, but hard, tough, and of 
a yellowifh-white colour in the infide. The-leaves are 
of a rufly green, and the young buds of a blueifh-green, 
hue. Th? flowers are of a dutky yellow colour, and the 
pods black : when ripe they fplit in two, and are, with 
their flat brown feeds, in every refpebt fimilar to thofe of 
cinchpna officinalis. The bark in general is fmooth and 
grey on the outlide, though in fome rough and fcabrous; 
when well dried, the infide is of a dark-brown colour. 
Its flavour at firft is fweet, with a mixture of the tafte of 
horle-radifh,'and of the aromatics of the eaff; but when 
fwallowed, of that very bitternefs and altringency which 
characterizes the Peruvian bark. It grows near the fea- 
fhore, and is called in Jamaica fea-Jide beech. Linnaeus, 
in the thirteenth edition of Syftema Vegetabilium, doubts 
whether this fpecies belongs to the genus cinchona. • It 
is a native of the Weft Indies, and was introduced in 1780 
by W. P. Perrin, el'q. 
5. Cinchona corymbifera, or corymbiferous cinchona: 
leaves oblong-lanceolate ; corymbsaxillary. Trunk up¬ 
right, round, fmoothifh, a fathom or more fin height, the 
thicknefs of the human arm j- branches round, fpreading, 
oppofite, the upper ones herbaceous, comprefled at the 
joints. Flowers white, red on the outfide ; before they 
open, they appear of a dufky purple. The bark is ex¬ 
tremely bitter, and fubaftringent, very like the common 
jefuits’ bark. Native of the lflands of Tongataboo and 
Eaoowe, in the South Seas; where it is cultivated for the 
pleafant odour or elegance of the flowers. 
6. Cinchona lineata, or lineated cinchona : panicle ter¬ 
minating ; leaves ovate, acuminate, fmooth ; capfules five- 
cornered. Branches round at bottom, with an afli-co- 
loured bark, purplifh at top ; leaves on very fhort petioles, 
an inch and half long, not at all flrining, bluntifh, marked 
with lines on the upper furface along the nerves. Native 
of the ifland of Dominica. 
7. Cinchona floribunda, or tufted cinchona: panicle 
terminating; capfules turbinate, fmooth ; leaves elliptic, 
acuminate. The whole of this fpecies is very fmooth ; 
the branches are round at bottom, but obfeurely four- 
cornered at top, and purplilh j leaves refembling thofe of 
the coffee flirub, frequently a fhort fpan in length, fpread¬ 
ing very much, lanceolate-elliptic, on the upper lurface 
even, finning, with a groove along the middle, on the 
under paler, veined, nerved, the nerves oblique, and but 
little railed. Native of St. Lucia, Martinico, and Hifpa- 
niola. In the firft of thefe iflands it was difeovered by 
Mr. Alexander Anderlon, about the year 1779, in the 
woods near the Grand Cul de Sac. The tree there is 
nearly the fize of a cherry-tree, feldom thicker than the 
thigh, and tolerably ftraight; the wood is light and po¬ 
rous, without any of the bitternefs and aftringency or the 
bark. The flowers, which appear in June, are in final! 
tufts, at firft white, but afterwards purplifh. The bark 
is of ,a lighter red than what was lent to St. Lucia under 
the name of red bark, inclining more to the colour of 
cinnamon. In this refpeCt it feems to referable what Dr. 
Reipli calls yellow bark. See the firft fpecies. The tree 
grows in a ft iff red play ; delights in a Iliad y fituation, a 
north-weft afpecl, under larger trees, and is generally near 
the middle of a hill, by fome running water. 
8. Cinchona brachycarpa : panicle terminating; cap¬ 
fules obovate, ribbed; leaves elliptic, obtufe. The whole 
plant Iinooth; leaves on very fhort petioles; flowers only 
half the fize of thofe of the preceding fpecies ; capfule 
obovate, with eleven ribs. Native of Jamaica. 
9. Cinchona anguftifolia, or narrow-leaved cinchona : 
panicle terminating; capfules oblong, five-cornered; leaves 
linear-lanceolate, pub'efcent. This is a fmall tree, from 
ten to fifteen feet in height, with an upright fmooth 
trunk, covered with a wrinkled afli-coloured bark, which 
becomes brown and ftriated near the root. Leaves acu¬ 
minate with a bluntifh tip, fpreacling, nerved, fomewhat 
veiny, duiky green, but pubefeent beneath. Native of 
Hifpaniola. 
CIN'CIA LEX, or Cincian Law, was enabled by M. 
Cincius, tribune of the people, in the year of Rome 349. 
By it no man was permitted to take any money as a gift 
or a fee in judging a caufe. Livy. 
CINCINNA'TI, a fiourifhing town of the American, 
ftates, and the prefent feat of government. It Hands 
on the north bank of the Ohio, oppofite the mouth 
of Licking river, two miles and a half feuth-weft of 
Fort Wafhington, and about eight miles wefterly of 
Columbia. Both thefe towns lie between Great and Little 
Miami rivers : eighty-two miles north by eaft of Frank¬ 
fort, ninety north-weft of Lexington, and 779 weft by 
fouth of Philadelphia. Lat. 39.22. N. Ion. 85.44. W. 
CINCINNA'TUS, (L. Q.) a celebrated Roman, who 
was informed as he ploughed his field, that the fenate 
had cholen him dictator. Upon this he left his ploughed 
land with regret, and repaired to the field of battle, where 
his countrymen were clofely befieged by the Vollci and 
iEqui. He conquered the enemy, and returned to Rome 
in triumph; and fixteen days alter his appointment, he 
laid down his office, and retired back to plough his fields.- 
In his 80th year, he was again fummoned againft Prsenefte 
as dictator; and after a fuccefsful campaign, he reflgned 
the abfolute power he had enjoyed only twenty-one days, 
difregarding the rewards that were offered him by the 
fenate. He flourifhed about 460 years before Cbrift. Livy, 
CINCINNA'TUS, a military townfhip of the American 
ftates in New-York diftriCt. It has Virgil on the weft, and 
Salem on the eaft, and lies on two branches of Ticugh- 
nioga river, a weftern branch of the Chenango : fitty- 
three miles fouth-weft by welt of Cooperftown. Lat. 42. 30. 
CIN'CLISIS, [jayxAicr:?, from to agitate.] An 
involuntary nictation, or winking of the eyes. 1 
CINC'TURE, f. [cinJlura, Lat.] Something worn 
round the body : 
Columbus found th’ American fo girt 
with feather’d cincture, naked elfe, and wild. Milton. 
An inclofure.—The court and prifon being within the 
cinElure of one wall. Bacon .—In architecture, a ring or 
lift at the top and bottom of the fhaft of a column ; lepa- 
rating 
