632 CIV 
bifhops, it was decreed that bifhops’ fees fhould be trans¬ 
ferred from towns to cities. The accidental coincidence 
of the fame number of bifhops and cities would naturally 
produce the fuppofition that they were connefted toge¬ 
ther as a neceffary caufe and effect; it is certainly a ftrong 
confirmation of the above authority that the fame diltinc- 
tion is not paid to bifliops’ fees in Ireland. Mr. Hargrave, 
in his note® to 1 Inf. no, proves that although Weftmin- 
fter is a city, and has fent citizens to parliament from the 
time of Edward VI. it never was incorporated ; and this 
is a firiking inftance in contrttdidfion of the learned opi¬ 
nions there referred to, viz. that the king could not grant 
within time or memory to any place the right of fending 
members to parliament without firft creating that place a 
corporation. 1 Comm. edit. 1793. 
CI'TY, adj. Relating to the city.—His enforcement of 
the city wives. Sbakefpeare. —Refembling the manners of 
citizens.—Make not a city featt of it, to let the meat cool 
ere we can agree upon the firft cut. Sbakefpeare. 
CIVES,/. in botany. See Allium, 
CI'VET,/. [civette, Fr. zibetta, Arab, fignifyin gfcent.~\ 
A perfume from the civet-cat, a fpecles of wealel r for the 
natural hiftory of which fee the generic name Viverra. 
Thefe animals have of late years been introduced into 
Holland, and afford a confiderable branch of commerce, 
particularly at Amfterdam. The civet is fqueezed out, 
in fummer every other day, in winter twice a-week; the 
quantity procured at once is from two fcruples to a dram 
or more. The juice thus collected is much purer and 
finer than that which the animal flieds againft (hrubs or 
ftones in its native climates. Good civet is of a clear 
yellowifli or brownifli colour, not fluid, nor hard, but 
about the confidence of butter or honey, and uniform 
throughout; of a very ftrong friiell, quite offenfive when 
undiluted, but agreeable when only a fin all portion of 
civet is mixed-with a large one of other fubftance's. This 
commodity is rarely to be met with genuine, notwith- 
Itanding the fealed bottles in which it is purchafed at 
Amfterdam. Nor have we any certain criteria fordiftin- 
guiftiing its adulteration. Some look upon it as genuine, 
if when rubbed upon paper it finks in, without leaving 
any thing upon the furface ; and if, when melted in hot 
water, it totally fwims at top: but lard and butter, the 
fubftances principally mixed with it, have both thefe pro¬ 
perties equally with the civet itfelf. 
Civet unites eafily with oils, both expreffed and diftill- 
ed, but not at all with fpirits of wine, nor with water: 
nor is it rendered mifcible with water by the mediation of 
fugar. Boeder relates, that fugar and redified fpirit are 
its two beft menftrua; but he has certainly never made 
the experiment with either. The yolk of an egg feems 
to difpofe it to unite with water; but in a very little 
while the civet fepamtes from the liquor, and falls to the 
bottom, though it does not prove of fucli a refinous tena¬ 
city as when treated with lugar and fpirit of wine. It 
communicates, however, fome fhare of its finell both to 
watery and fpirituous liquors ; hence a finall portion of 
it is often added in odoriferous waters and fpirits ; as 
thofe of lilies of the valley, rofes, rhodium wood, orange- 
flowers, orange-peel, yellow faunders, See. The Italians 
make it an ingredient in perfumed oils, and thus obtain 
the whole of its feent; for oils diffolve the whole fubftance 
of the civet. Neumann. 
Crvrc, adj. {civicus , Lat.] Relating to civil honours 
or practices ; not military : 
With equal rays immortal Tully fhone ; 
Behind, Rome’s genius waits with civic crowns, 
And the great father of his country owns. Pope. 
The civic* irown was given by the ancient Romans to 
any foldief who had laved the life of a citizen in an en¬ 
gagement. It was reckoned more honourable than any 
other crown, though compofed of no better materials than 
oak-boughs. Plutarch, in the life of C. M. Coriolanus, 
accounts for ufmg on this occafion the branches of this 
C I V 
tree befoye all others; becaufe, fays he, the oaken wreath 
being facred to Jupiter, the great guardian of their city, 
they thought it the moft proper ornament for him who 
ha$ preferved the life of a citizen. Pliny, fpeaking of 
the honour and privileges conferred on tjiofe who had 
merited this crown, fays, “ They who had once obtained 
it, might wear it always. When they appeared at the 
public fperiacles, the fenate and people role to do them 
honour, and they took their feats on thefe occafions among 
the fenators. They were not only perfonally excufed from 
all troublefome offices, but procured the fame immunity 
for their father and grandfather by their father’s fide.” 
Cl'VIDAD de las PALMAS, a fea-port town of the 
ifland of Canary, and capital of that and all the iflands, 
the fee of a bifhop, fuffragan of Seville : the town is iarge,. 
and the inhabitants in general rich, the number about 
ia,ooo. The harbour is good, and defended by a fortrefs. 
Cl'VIDAD REAL, a town of Spain, and capital of 
La Mancha, celebrated for a manufacture of leather for 
gloves. Here are three churches, feven convents, and 
three hofpitals : fifty-feven miles fouth of Toledo. Lat. 
39. o. N. Ion. 12. 44. E. Peak of Teneriffe. 
Cl'VID AD delos REYES, a town of South America, 
in the country of Terra Firma, and province of St. Mar¬ 
tha. The heat is moderated in fuinmer by the ealt wind j 
but the frequent rains and chilling winds which come 
from the mountains produce coughs and fevers; the land 
is fertile, and abounds in paftures. The natives are nu¬ 
merous, warlike, and as yet unfubdued. 
Cl'VIDAD del REY FELIPPE, a. town built-in the 
year 1585, on the continent of South America, near the 
Straits of Magellan, but foon abandoned. 
Cl'VIDAD del RIO DEL St. PEDRO, a town of 
South America, in Brafil, fituated at the mouth of the 
river S.t. Pedro. Lat. 32. o, S. Ion. 34. 15. W. Greenwich. 
Cl'VIDAD RODRIGO, a town of Spain, in the coun¬ 
try of Leon, on the river Aguada, the fee of a bifhop, 
fuifragan of Compoftella, built by Ferdinand II. as a ram¬ 
part againft Portugal, from which it is only about eight 
miles diftant: forty-five miles fouth-fouth-weft of Sala¬ 
manca. Lat 40.52. N. Ion. 10. 14. E. Peak of Teneriffe. 
CI'VIL, adj. \civilis y Lat.] Relating to the commu¬ 
nity; political; relating to the city or government.—God 
gave them law's of civil regimen, and would not permit 
their commonweal to be governed by any other laws than, 
his own. Hooker. —Relating to any man as a member of a 
community.—Break not your promile, unlefs.it be un¬ 
lawful or impoffible; either out of your natural or out 
of your civil power. Taylor. —Not in anarchy; not wild j 
not without rule or government: 
For rudeft minds with harmony were caught. 
And civil life was by the mufes taught. Rofcommon. 
Not foreign ; inteftine.—From a civil war God of his 
mercy defend us, as that which is moft defperate of all 
others.. Bacon. —Not eccleliaftical; as, the ecclefiaftical 
courts are controlled by the civil. Not natural; as, a 
perfon banifned or outlawed is faid to fuffer civil, though 
not natural, death. Not military; as, the civil magi- 
ftrate’s authority is obftrufted by war. Not criminal $ 
as, this is a civil procefs, not a criminal profecution. Ci¬ 
vilized; not barbarous.—England w'as very rude and bar¬ 
barous 5 for it is but even the other day fince England 
grew civil. Spenfer.— Complaifant j civilized ; gentle 5 
well bred; elegant of manners} not rude} not brutal 5 
not coarfe: 
I heard a mermaid, on a dolphin’s back, 
Uttering fuch dulcet and harmonious breath, 
That the rude fea grew civil at her long. Sbakefpeare. 
And fall thefe fayings from that gentle tongue. 
Where civil fpeech and foft perfuafion hung ? Prior « 
Grave ; fober} not gay or Ihewy : 
Thus night oft fee me in thy pale career; 
Till civil luited morn appear, Milton. 
Relating 
