C L E 
inhabitants. Its commerce is in corn, wine, wool, wool- 
len-ftuffs, tammies, ferges, linen, lace, See. There are 
fome mineral fprings near, and the water of a brook, 
•which paflfes through one of the fauxbourgs, petrified a 
wooden bridge to perfedt Hone, fo that carriages can pafs 
over. A council was held here in 1095, to determine on 
the crufade againft the infidels in the Holy Land, in the 
pontificate of Urban II. It is called Clermont Ferrand 
from the town of Montferrand being united to it, and 
forming one of the fauxbourgs : twenty-three poll miles 
and a quarter weft of Lyons, and forty-fix and three- 
quarters fouth of Paris. Lat. 45. 47. N. Ion. 21. 46. 
CLER'MONT GALLERANDE, a town of France, in 
the department of the Sarte : one leagua north-eaft of La 
Fleche. 
CLER'MONT de LODEVE, a town of France, in 
the department of the Herault, and chief place of a can¬ 
ton, in the diftridt of Lodeve ; the chief trade is in wool 
and cattle, with manufactures of cloth and hats for ex¬ 
portation : twenty miles weft of Montpellier. 
CLER'MONT MANUSCRIPT, a copy of St. Paul’s 
epiftles, found in the monaftery of Clermont in France, 
and uled byJBeza, together with the Cambridge manufeript, 
in preparinghis editionoftheNewTefiament. Thiscopy is 
in the odtavo form, and is written on fine vellum in Greek 
and Latin, with fome mutilations. Beza fuppofes that 
it is of equal antiquity with the Cambridge copy ; but 
both were probably written by a Latin Icri be in a later 
period than he afligns to them. The various readings of 
this manufeript were communicated to archbilhop Ulher, 
and they are preferved by Walton. The manufeript 
itfelf was in the pofiellion of Morinus ; and after his 
death depofited among the manufeript copies of the 
Royal Library at Paris, No. 2245. 
CLERODEN'DRUM,/. [from v.Aijpo;, lot, chance, or 
fortune, and ^e^pov, a tree; fortunate tree.] In botany, a 
genus of the clals didynamia, order angiofipermia, natu¬ 
ral order perfonatse. The generic characters are—Calyx : 
perianthium one-leafed, five-parted, bell-Ihaped; leg- 
ments ovate-acute, broader than the tube of the corolla, 
permanent. Corolla : one-petalled, irregular ; tube fen¬ 
der, long ; border five-parted, equal 5 the upper fegments 
more deeply feparated. Stamina: filaments four, fili¬ 
form, much longer than the corolla, afeending through 
the upper fiffure of the corolla, two of them (horter; an- 
tlierae fimple. Piftillum : germ roundilh; ftyle form, 
length, and fituation, of the ftamens; ftigma fimple. Pe- 
Tianthium: drupe roundilh, placed on a large calyx; 
berry one-celled, four-feeded, often fplitting into four 
parts. Seid : one, roundilh —EJfential CharaBer. Calyx 
five-cleft, bell-lhaped ; corolla, with a filiform tube, and 
a funnel-fhaped, rive-parted, equal border ; ftamina very 
long, gaping very much between the fegments ; berry, 
one-feeded, often fplitting into four parts when ripe. 
Species. 1. Cierodendrum infortunatum : leaves cor¬ 
date, tomentofe. This is a tree, or rather ihrub, with 
fubtomentofe branches. It is deferibed by Loureiro as 
upright, and feven feet high, with quadrangular, four- 
grooved, branches ; leaves broad-ovate, acuminate, fub- 
crenate, hairy, wrinkled. The fruit, according to Gaert- 
ner, is a fucculent berry, fubglobular, flatted a little, 
•with a crofs-lhaped groove at the top ; (kin very thin, 
fmooth, and fliining, not opening; pulp foft, vanilhing 
by age ; there are four llones incloled, which are fome- 
what of a bony texture. Native of the Ealt-Indies 
and China. 
2. Cierodendrum fortunatum, or entire-leaved clerod : 
leaves lanceolate, quite entire. This is a native of the 
Eaft Indies ; introduced in 1789, by Kenned) 1 and Lee. 
3. Cierodendrum philomidis : leaves ovate, toothed 
and angular; peduncles axillary, fubtriflorous. Found 
in the Eaft Indies, by Koenig. 
4. Cierodendrum calamitofum : leaves ovate, fome- 
what toothed, naked ; flowers rather lefs than in the other 
fpecies. Obferved in Java, by Balter, 
C L E 667 
5. Cierodendrum paniculatum : leaves five-Iobed,tooth- 
letted, fmooth ; panicle brachiate; axils woolly; branches 
quadrangular, fmooth, purple, with a groove along the 
fides ; leaves petioled, oppolite, a hand in length,, the 
lower ones a fpan long, rive-lobed, cordate at the bale, 
fmooth on both fides. 
6. Cierodendrum trichotomum : leaves lobed and undi¬ 
vided, broad-ovate, entire ; panicle trichotomous. Stem 
Ihrubby; branches four-cornered, four-furrowed, fmooth. 
The fruit is an almolt globular capfule, which is four- 
furrowed, fmooth, incloled within the large calyx, four- 
celled and four valved; there is one fmooth feed in each 
cell. The leaves have a Itrong poifonous fmell likeman- 
dragora. Grows near Nagafaki, &c. in Japan ; flowering 
in Auguft and September. 
7. Cierodendrum fquamatum : leaves cordate, obfeure- 
ly angular; branches of the panicle dichotomous, fmooth. 
Branches quadrangular, fmooth, with four grooves ; 
leaves two inches and more in length, with a deep finus at 
the bale, little acuminate, three or five nerved, with af¬ 
eending nerves, tender, fmooth, fcarce toothletted, fome- 
times ciliate with very minute hairs, covered underneath 
with very minute orbicular fcales. Nativeofthe Eaft Indies. 
8. Cierodendrum diverfifolium : leaves entire and 
three-lobed, ovate ; branches of the panicle dichotomous 
villofe; pedicels racemed. Branches quadrangular, four- 
grooved, villofe at top; leaves an inch and a half in 
length,tender,(harp at the bale, three-nerved, very fmooth. 
Native of the Eaft Indies. See Volkameria. 
CLE'ROMANCY, a kind of divination performed by 
throwing the dice, and obferving the points, or marks, 
turned up. The word comes from “ A'opo?, lot,” and 
Ramies, 15 divination.” At Bura, a city of Achaia, was a 
temple and celebrated oracle of Hercules; where fuch as 
conlulted the oracle, after praying to the idol, threw four 
dies, the points whereof being well fcanned by the prieft, 
he was fuppofed to draw an anfwer from them. Some¬ 
thing of this kind feems to have been praCtiled with re¬ 
gard to Jonah. 
CLER'VAL, a town of France, in the department of 
the Doubs, and chief place of a canton, in the diftriCt of 
Baume-les-Dames: feven leagues north-eaft of Befan^on. 
CLERVAU'T, a town of France, in the department of 
the Vienne : five miles north of Chatellerault. 
CLERVAU'X, one of the moft celebrated and fi-neft 
abbeys of France, in Champagne, five miles from Bar- 
fur-Aube, feated in a valley furrounded with woods aqd 
mountains. It is the chief of the Ciltercian order. Here 
is the famous Tun of St. Bernard, which will hold 800 
tuns of wine. 
CLE'RY, a town of France, in the department of the 
.Somme, and chief place of a canton, in the diltribt of Pc» 
ronne : one league north-weft of Peronne. 
CLE'RY, a town of France, in tire department of Loi- 
ret : feven miles fouth-weft of Orleans. 
CLE'SIDES, a Greek painter, about 276 years before 
Chrift, in the reign of Antiochus I. He revenged the in¬ 
juries he had received from queen Stratonice by repre- 
fienting her in the arms of a fiflierman. However indecent 
the painter might ieprefent the queen, Ihe was drawn 
with fuch perfonal beauty, that (he preferved the piece., 
and liberally rewarded the artift. 
CLE'THRA, /. [probably from jcAeiw, to clofe or fhut 
up.] In botany, a genus of the clals decandria, order 
monogynia, natural order of bicornes. The generic 
characters are—Calyx: perianthium one-leafed, five-part¬ 
ed ; leaflets ovate, concave, ereCt, permanent. Corolla ; 
petals five, oblong, broader on the outfide, from eredl 
fpreading, a little longer than the calyx ; the upper one 
broadeft. Stamina : filaments ten, fubulate, the. length 
of the corolla ; antheiae oblong-ereft, gaping .at the top. 
Piftillum: germ roundilh ; ftyle filiform, ereCt, perma¬ 
nent, increafing ; ftigma trifid. Perianthium : capfule 
roundilh, involved in the calyx, three-celled, three-val- 
ved, Seeds ; angular, EJj'entid Character. Calyx five- 
p,arted 5 
