696 C L U 
and colour, but tliofe on the male plants are fmaller, and 
grow clofer together than thole of the female, but both 
are fuftained upon thort foot-ftalks. Thefe flowers ap¬ 
pear at the fame time as tliofe of the firft fort, and the 
feeds ripen in autumn. Cultivated in 1739, by Mr. Mil¬ 
ler : who fays that there were no plants in England with 
male flowers, till he received one from Dr. Job Balter of 
Zirkzee in Holland. 
4. Cluytia hirta : leaves wedge-lhaped, fmooth, flowers 
lateral, glomerate, hirfute. This is a very branching 
Ihrub; branches round, fmooth, tubercled with fallen 
leaves, ul'ually fcattered, but fometimes coming out three 
together. Found at the Cape of Good Hope by Thunberg. 
5. Cluytia tomentofa : leaves elliptic, tomentofe on 
both lides. A Ihrub three feet in height, very branching, 
ereft, tubercled with the fears of fallen leaves ; branches 
round pubefeent; leaves crowded, feflile, fomewhat acute, 
the lize of thyme leaves ; flowers lateral, folitary, felfile, 
longer than the leaves, white. Found on the fandy fliores 
of the Cape ; flowering in May. 
6. Cluytia retufa : leaves oval, retufe, flowers racemed 
axillary. Native of the Eafl: Indies. 
7. Cluytia eluteria, or maritime clutia, or fea-fide bal- 
fam : leaves cordate-lanceolate. According to Miller, it 
riles with an upright (hrubby ftalk, not more than three 
or four feet high in England ; but, in places where it 
grows naturally, it riles upwards of twenty feet in height, 
with the branches forming a large fpreading head. The 
leaves are lhaped like thofe of the black poplar. On 
breaking the more tender branches, a large drop of a 
thick bal'famic liquor oozes from the wound, whence it 
has the appellation of balfam-tree. It grows frequently 
to the height of four or five feet. The leaves and ten¬ 
der tops are laid to heal fores, and are frequently ufed 
in baths and fomentations. Swartz, who makes this a 
fpecies of croton, doubts whether the fourth croton of 
Browne be the lame plant. Native of both Indies. The 
cortex cafcarilLc is l'uppofed to be the produce of this tree. 
At the end of the laft century it was recommended by 
Stiller as a powerful diuretic and carminative, and he ufed 
it with fuccefs in calculous, afthmatic, phthifical, lcorbu- 
tic, and arthritic, complaints. Since that it has been ufed 
in Germany for the Peruvian bark in intermittent fevers ; 
and the German pbylicians have given it much credit as 
an aftringent, and have accordingly uled it in hemor¬ 
rhages and various alvine fluxes. 
8. Cluytia ftipularis : leavesoval, tomentofe underneath. 
Branches flexuofe, tomentofe. Flowers axillary, fubfef- 
iile, not longer than the ltipules, dark purple. Native of 
the Eafl: Indies. 
9. Cluytia acuminata: herbaceous; leaves ovate, fmooth, 
obtufe, with a point; flowers axillary, folitary. Native 
of the Cape. 
10. Cluytia lanceolata : leaves elliptic-lanceolate, flow¬ 
ers lateral tomentofe. This bears a great affinity to the 
third lpecies, and fhould be placed next before it; how¬ 
ever differs in having the branches purple, and afli-co- 
loured-viliofe at top. 
Propagation and. Culture. The firft and third forts are 
eafily propagated by cuttings during any of the fummer 
months : if the cuttings are planted in fmall pots, and 
plunged into a very moderate hot-bed, and (haded from 
the heat of the fun in the middle of the day, they will 
loon take roor, and (hould then be inured to the open air, 
otherwife they will draw up very weak : afterwards thele 
plants may be each put into a feparate fmall pot, and 
placed in a fheltered iituation, where they may remain 
until the middle of October, or later, if the weather con¬ 
tinues mild, when they (hould be removed into the green- 
hou(e, and placed where they may have the free air in 
mild weather, for they only require to be protected from 
frolt, therefore require no warmth in winter ; but if the 
green-houfe is (hut up too dole, or the plants are much 
(haded by others, the tender (hoots are fubjedt to grow 
mouldy, which deltroys more of thele plants than the 
e l t 
cold. In thef ummer they muft be placed abroad in a 
(heltered iituation, with other hardy exotic plants. As 
thefe plants are always green, they look well in the green- 
houfe during the winter feafon ; and in fummer, when 
rhey are placed in the open air with other exotic plants, 
they make a pretty variety. The feventh will live 
through the winter in an'airy glafs-cafe, without artifi¬ 
cial heat; but in that fituation (hould have very little 
water; for the plants, abounding with a milky juice like 
the euphorbia, muft at no feafon of the year have too 
much wet. If thefe plants, when young, are placed in 
a very moderate warmth in winter, it will greatly forward 
their growth, but they muft not have too much heat, for 
that will force them too much ; and when the plants have 
obtained ftrength, they may be treated more hardily. 
This fort may be propagated by cuttings during the fum¬ 
mer feafon; but the cuttings (hould be laid in a dry place 
for a few days, when they are taken from the old plants, 
that their wounded parts may dry and be healed over be¬ 
fore they are planted. Thefe muft be planted in fmall 
pots filled with light fandy earth, and plunged into a 
moderate hot-bed of tanners bark ; and if the feafon is 
very warm, the glades (hould be (haded in the heat of the 
day, and railed up to admit frelh air to the cuttings 
every day ; thefe muft be fparingly watered. When they 
have taken root, and begin to (hoot, they muft have a 
greater (hare of air, and by degrees be inured to the 
open air; and, when their roots have filled the pots, they 
(hould be carefully parted, and each planted in a feparate 
pot of the fame light fandy earth; then they (hould be 
placed on the back part of the (love, behind the other 
plants, where they may be fereened from the fun till they 
have taken frelh root, after which they may be brought 
forward, and expofed gradually to the open air. In the 
dimmer they (hould have free air conftantly in warm wea¬ 
ther, but they muft be fereened from heavy rain ; and in 
winter placed in an airy glafs-cafe, where they may en¬ 
joy the fun, and during that feafon have very little wet. 
CLYBE'A, or Aklibia, a town of Africa, in the king¬ 
dom of Tunis, on the eaft coaft : fourteen miles fouth of 
of Cape Bona. 
CLYDE, a famous river in Scotland, which, arifing in 
Annandale, falls into the fea over againft the ifle of Bute. 
Next to the Tay, it is the largeft river in Scotland; and 
is navigable up to Gla(gow. The canal, which joins the 
Forth, falls in to it alittle below that city. The cataradl called 
the Frith of the Clyde , oppofite to Lanerk, is a great natu¬ 
ral curioiity, and the firft of the kind in Great Britain. 
This tremendous cataraft for about a mile falls from rock 
to rock. At Stone-byers, the firft fall is about lixty feet 5 
the laft, at Cory-Lynn, is over folid rock, not lefs than 
one hundred feet high. At both thefe places this great 
body of water exhibits a grander and more interefting 
fpedtacle than imagination can readily conceive. A path 
conducts the traveller down to the beginning of the fall, 
into which projefts a high rock, in floods infulated by the 
water. On reaching the top, the walk is formed near the 
verge of the rocks ; which on both (ides are perfectly mu¬ 
ral and equidiftant, except where they overhang: the 
river is pent up between them at a diltance far beneath. 
Aiding along a (tony bottom (loping the whole vyay. The 
fummits of the rock are wooded; the fides fmooth and 
naked ; the ftrata narrow and regular, forming a ftupen- 
dous natural mafonry. After a rvalk Gf above half a mile 
on the edge of this great chafm, on a fudden appears the 
great and bold fall of Boniton, in a foaming-theet, far- 
projefting into a hollow, in which the water (hews a vio¬ 
lent agitation, and a wide-extending mift arifes from the 
furface. Above that is a fecond great fall; two leflfer 
fucceed : beyond them the river winds, grows more tran¬ 
quil, and is feen for a confiderable way, bounded oa one 
fide by wooded banks, on the other by rich and fwelling 
fields of corn. 
CLY'DESDALE, a diftrift of Scotland, in the fouth 
part of the county of Lanerk^ 
4 CLYME'NE, 
