C L Y 
CLY'MENE, In fabulous hiftory, the daughter of Oce¬ 
an us; who, being beloved by Apollo, he had by her Phae¬ 
ton, Lainpatia, Egle, and Phebe. 
CLYMl'/NUM. See Lathyrus and Vicia. 
CLY'MENUS, a king of Orchonienos, fon of Prefbon. 
He received a wound from a (tone thrown by a Theban, 
of which he died His fon Erginus, who fucceeded him, 
made war againft the Thebans to revenge his death. 
Paufanids —One of the defcendants of Hercules, who 
built a temple to Minerva of Cydonia. 
CLYPEA'KIA,/. Lat. See Adenanthera. 
CLYPEOLA,/! [from clypeus, a little Ihield; fo named 
from the form of the filicle.] In botany, a genus of the 
clafs tetradynamia, order ijliculofa, natural order fili- 
quofce. The generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium 
four-leaved; leaflets ovate-oblong, permanent. Corolla: 
four-petalled, cruciform; petals oblong, entire; claws 
rather longer than the calyx. Stamina: filaments, fix, 
fhorter than the corolla: the two oppofite ones Hill fliorter; 
anther® iimple. Piftillum: germ roundifli, compreifed ; 
ftyle fimple; ftigina obtule. Pericarpium: filicle orbicu- 
late, emafginate, flat-comprefled, erefit, deciduous, bi¬ 
valve; valves orbiculate. Seeds: orbiculate, in the cen¬ 
ter of the pericarpium.— Effential Cbarader. Silicle emar¬ 
ginate, orbiculate, compreifed, flat, deciduous. 
Species. i. Ciypeoia Jonthlafpi, or annual treacle-muf¬ 
tard, or buckler-muftard : annual; filiques orbiculate, 
onk-cel!ed, one-feeded. It is a low annual plant, leldom 
more than four inches high ; ferns flender, hardifh, up¬ 
right, branched at the bottom, tinged with red, covered 
with fhort whitifh hairs; leaves fpatulate, alternate, fef- 
fiie, glaucous, with minute liars of hairs all over the fur- 
face ; flowers in terminating ipikes, and very minute; 
corolla yellow, the (ize of the calyx; feed Angle, elliptic, 
compreifed, linooth, tawny-coloured. Villars doubts whe¬ 
ther this plant be diftiriCt from alyffum minimum of Lin- ' 
nasus. Native of the South of France, Spain, and Italy; 
flowering there from March to May; but with us from 
May to July. 
2. Ciypeoia tomentofa, or hoary treacle-muftard : peren¬ 
nial; filicles orbiculate, two-celled, two-feeded ; leaves 
fubtomentole. Firlt obferved in the Levant by Tourne- 
fort. Arduini had the feeds in 1755 from Leonard Seller, 
who cultivated this plant many years in his garden at 
Venice. He and Lamarck agree with Tournefort in' re¬ 
ferring this - and the next fpecies to thegenus alyffum; 
and, to make amends, they tranfport the peltaria to this 
genus. In this natural clafs, the divifion of the genera 
is frequently arbitrary, and there would be no end to re¬ 
movals. 
3. Ciypeoia maritima, or fea treacle-muftard, or churles- 
muftard : perennial-; filicles two-celled, ovate, two-feed¬ 
ed. Stems much branching, diffufed, evergreen ; leaves 
linear-lanceolate, whitifh, not fliff; filaments toothlefs ; 
in which circumltance alone it differs from the alyfiums, 
with which it might very well be afiociated. According 
to Ray, the leaves are an inch in length, tailing like 
crefs; corollas white, darker in the middle, refembling 
thofe of water-crefs. It has the appearance of wall-flower, 
but the branches are weaker, and both they and the leaves 
are much fmalier. Native of the fouth of France, Spain, 
and Italy; common on the coalt of the Mediterranean. 
Propagation and Culture. Thefe are low plants, that 
have little beauty, and are prelerved chiefly in botanic 
gardens. The firlt is propagated by feeds, fown on a bor¬ 
der of light earth, where they are to remain. If fown in 
autumn, the plants will grow larger, flower earlier, and 
ripen feeds with more certainty. If thefe be permitted to 
fcatter, the plants will thrive without farther care. The 
third fliould be fown upon a warm border in a dry foil, 
and does not bear tranfplanting well. SeeALYSsuM, 
Biscutella, and Peltaria. 
CLYS’SUS, f. [from to wafh.] The effence or 
finer parts of any fubitance, extracted by waffling away 
its impurities, or by fire. The word was formerly nfed 
Vol. IV. No. 231., 
C N E 697 
to denote the vapours produced by the detonation of ni¬ 
tre with any inflammable fubfrance. It was prepared by 
ufing a tubulated earthen retort capable of fupporting the 
Hidden application of fcrong heat, together with a very 
large receiver, pierced with a (mall hole. Other clyfli were 
alf'o produced, which had their names from the inflam¬ 
mable .fubfiance made life of; fuch as the clyfl’us of anti¬ 
mony and the clyffus of fulphur, both which, if the ma¬ 
terials be duly proportioned, are merely vitriolic or ful- 
phureous gafes. 
CLYS'TER,/. [from to clear.fe.j An enema, 
or liquid injedfed into the anus to cleanfe the bowels. It 
alfo means the inffrument ul’ed in inch injeClion. See 
Enema 
CLY TEMNES'TR A, in fabulous hi (lory, a daughter 
of Tyndarus, king of Sparta, by Lc-da. She was born, 
together with her brother Caftor,- from one of the eggs 
which her mother brought forth after her amour with Ju¬ 
piter, under the form of a fwan. Clytemneftra married 
Agamemnon king of Argos. She had before married 
Tantalus, fon of Thyeftes, acccording to fome authors. 
When Agamemnon went to the Trojan war, he left his 
coufin AEgyfthus to take care of his wife, of his family, 
and all his domefcic affairs. Befides this, a certain fa¬ 
vourite muficiaii was appointed by Agamemnon to watch 
over the conduct of the guardian, as well as that of Ciy- 
temneftra. In the abfence of Agamemnon, iEgyfthus 
made his court to Clytemneftra, and publicly lived with 
her. Her infidelity reached the ears oFAgamemnon, be¬ 
fore the walls of Troy, and he refolved to take full re¬ 
venge upon the adulterers at his return. He was pre¬ 
vented from putting his fchemes into execution; Cly- 
temneftra, witli her adulterer, murdered him at his ar¬ 
rival, as he came out of the bath ; or, according to other 
accounts, as lie lat down at a feaft prepared to celebrate 
his happy return. Caffandra, whom Agamemnon had 
brought from Troy, fliared his fate; and Oreftes would 
alfo have been deprived of life, like his father, had not 
his lifter EleCtra removed him from the reach of Clytem¬ 
neftra. After this murder, Ciytemn'eftra publicly married 
Aigyfthus, and he afcended the throne of Argos. Oreftes, 
after an abfence of feven years, returned to My cents, and 
refolved to avenge his father’s murder. He concealed 
liimfelf in the houfe of his filter EleCtra, who had been 
married by the adulterers to a perfon of mean extraction, 
and circumftances. His death was publicly announced ; 
and, when aEgyfthus and Clytemneftra repaired to the 
temple of Apollo, to return thanks to the god for the 
death of the furviving fon of Agamemnon, Oreftes, with 
his faithful friend Pylades, hid himlelf in the temple, 
milled upon the adulterers, and killed them with his own 
hand. They were buried without the walls of the city, 
as their bones were not worthy to be laid in the fepuicbre 
of Agamemnon. 
CLY / THENESS, a cape of Scotland, in the German 
Ocean, on the fouth-eaft coaft of the county of Caithnefs. 
Lat. 38. 14. N. Ion. o. 10. E. Greenwich. 
CNEO'RUM,/. \CneorUm of Pl,iny, Hippocrates, and 
Theophrallus : derivation unknown.] In botany, a ge¬ 
nus of the clafs triandria, order monogynift, natural order 
of tricoccas. The generic characters are—Calyx : peri¬ 
anthium very final!, three-toothed,,permanent. Corolla : 
petals three, oblong, lanceolate-linear, concave, eieCt, 
equal, deciduous. Stamina: filaments three, fubulate, 
Ihorter than the corolla ; antheras final). Piftillum: germ 
obtufe, triangular; llyle ereCt, firm, length of the ft.linens; 
ftigma trifid, fpreading. Pericarpium : berry dry globole 
three-lobed, three-ceiled. Seed: fiolitary, round, in a 
■two-celled QitW.—EJjentialCbarader.Ca\yx :three-toothed; 
petals, three, equal ; berry, tricoccous. 
There is but one fpecies known: it is called cneorum 
tricoccum, widow-wail, orfpunge-olive ; an humble Ihrub, 
which leldom riles more than two feet’and a halfhigh in this 
country, but fpreads out on every fide with many lateral 
branches, fo as to form a thick bufli 5 the Items ligenous, 
8 P and 
