COL 
786 
' M. de la Monnoye. This is an ufeful work, and of great 
erudition. 4.. Theologorum Prelbyterianorum Icon. 5. 
Des Opufcuies critiques Sc hiitoriques, collected and pub- 
lifhed in 1709 by Fabricius. 6. Melanges hiftoriques. 7. 
La Vie du pere Sirmond. 
CO'LON, in anatomy, the firft and mod confiderable 
of the large intertines. ■ See Anatomy, vol. i. p. 613. 
CO'LON,/. [y.oAov, z member.] A point [:] ufed to 
mark a paufe greater than that of a comma, and lefs than 
that of a period. Its ule is not very exactly fixed; nor 
is it very neceffary, being confounded by moll with the 
femicolon. It was ufed, before punctuation was re¬ 
fined, to mark almoft any fenfe lefs than a period. To 
apply it properly, we fltould place it, perhaps, only where 
the fenfe is continued without dependence of grammar 
or construction ; as, I love him, I defpife him : I have long 
ceafed to truft, but Jhall never forbear to fuccour him. 
CO'LONEL,/ [of uncertain etymology. Skinner ima¬ 
gines it originally colonialis, the leader of a colony. Min- 
Jhevu deduces it from colonna, a pillar : as, patr 'ue colutnem ; 
exercitus columen. Each is plaufible.] The chief com¬ 
mander of a regiment; a field officer of the highelt rank, 
next to the general officers. It is now generally founded 
with only two diltinCt lyllables, col'iiel. —The chiefellhelp 
mult be the care of the colonel, that hath the government 
of all his garrifon. Spenfer. 
Captain or colonel, or knight in arms, 
Whole chance on thefe defencelefs doors may feize, 
If deed of honour did thee ever pleafe, 
Guard them, and him within proteft from harms. Milton. 
CO'LONELSHIP, /. The office or character of colo¬ 
nel.—While he continued a fubaltern, he complained 
againlt the pride of colonels towards their officers, yet, 
in a few minutes after he had received his commiffion for 
a regiment, he confeffed that coloneljhip was coming fait 
upon him. Svcift 
COLO'NIA, anciently a town of the Trinobantes, a 
little above Cameiodunum ; now Colchelter, inEflex, ac¬ 
cording to Cambden, who fuppofes it to take its name 
from the river Colne, and not that it was a colony. 
Though others think Antonine’s diflances agree belt with 
Sudbury. 
Colonia Equestris, an ancient and noble colony 
on the Lacus Lemanus. It appears to <be the work of 
Julius Csefar, who fettled there Equites Limitanei ; and to 
tliis Lucan is thought to refer. By the Itinerary it is fup- 
pofed to have flood between Laufane and Geneva, twelve 
miles from the halt place by Peutinger’s map; which di¬ 
rects to Nyon, placed in Cavo Lemano, according Lu¬ 
can’s exprelfior., that is, a bay or cove of the lake. Its 
ancient name was Noviodunum, (Notitia Gallias) ; hence 
its modern name. 
Colonia Metallina, or Metallinensis, ancient¬ 
ly a town of Lufitania, lituated on the right or weft fide 
of the Anas, or Guadiana; but now on the left or ealt 
fide, from the river’s fhifting its bed or channel, and 
called Medelin, in Eltremadura. 
Colonia Morinorum, a town of Belgica, fuppofed 
to be Tarvenna, the capital of the Morini; now Ter- 
rouen. 
Colonia Norbensis, or Norba Caesarea, a town 
of Lufitania, to the louth of Trajan’s bridge on the Ta¬ 
gus; now Alcantara, in Eltremadura. 
Colonia Trajan a, a town of Belgica; furnamed alfo 
Ulpia and Tricefima, from being the ftation of the thir¬ 
tieth legion; now Kellen, a village of the duchy of Cleves, 
a mile from the Rhine. 
Colonia Valentia, a town of the Hither Spain, on 
the Turias ; deltroyed by Pompey, and reltored by Julius 
Caefar; ft ill called Valencia, on the river Guadalaviar, in 
Valencia. 
COLO'NIA, a town of Illria: five miles fouth-fouth- 
<eaft of Rovigno. 
COLQ'NICAL, adj. [_calonus, Lat.j Of hulbandmen; a 
COL 
law term .—Colonical fervices were tliofe which ware done 
by the ceorls or focmen to their lords. Spclman. 
To CO'LONIZE, v. a. To plant with inhabitants; to 
fettle with new planters ; to plant with colonies. 
CO'LONIZING,/. Forming colonies. Robertfon. 
COLON'NA, a town of European Turkey, in Dalma¬ 
tia : twenty-four miles north of Spalatro. 
COLON'NA, a town of Italy, in the Campagna-di- 
Roma : twelve miles from Rome. 
COLON'NA (Pompeio), cardinal archbifiiop of Mon¬ 
treal in Sicily. He was equally qualified to wear the car¬ 
dinal's hat and the helmet, and experienced more than 
once the reverfe of fortune. Julius II. removed him from 
all his dignities; but Leo I. reltored him, created him 
cardinal, and lent him on feveral embaflies. Clement VII. 
diverted him of the purple, and again reltored him to it. 
He died viceroy of Naples, in 1532. He wrote lome poems 
in praife of Ilabella Filamarini, and another work, De 
laudibus mulierum. 
COLON'NA (Fabio), bom at Naples, in 1567, the na¬ 
tural fon of the cardinal Pompeio Colonna. He devoted 
himfelf to the purfuit of natural hiftory, and particularly 
to that of plants. He ftudied them in tbe writings of the 
ancients ; and, by his indefatigable application, brought 
to light, Tom under the errata with which the manu- 
fcripts abounded, what would have remained hid from 
every other reiearcher, lefs penetrating, lefs unremit¬ 
tingly laborious. The languages, mufic, mathematics, 
drawing, painting, optics, the civil and canon law, filled 
up the moments which he did not bellow on botany. The 
works he pubfiftied in the lalt-mentioned department were 
confidercd as mafterpieces previous to the appearance of 
the labours of the latter botanifts. We are indebted to 
him for, 1. Plantarum aliquot ac Pifcium Hiltoria, 1592, 
4to. with copper-plates. 2. Minus cognitarum rariorum- 
que ftirpiuin Defcriptio; itemque de aquatilibus, aliif- 
que nonnullis animalibus libellus. Rome, 1616. This 
work affords a judicious critique in oppofition to Mat- 
thiolo, Diofcorides, Theophrallus, Pliny, &c. 3. A Dif- 
fertation on the Gloffopetrae, in Latin, to be found Vvith a 
work of Auguftine Scilla on marine fubllances. Rome, 
1647, 4to 4. He was concerned in the American Plants 
of Hernandez. Rome, 1651. 5. A Differtation on the Por- 
pura, in Latin; a piece much efteemed, but become fcarce, 
was reprinted at Kiel, 1675, 4to. with notes by Daniel 
Major, a German phyfician. The firlt edition is of j6i6. 
COLON'NA (Francifco Maria Pompeio), an able phi— 
lofopher, left feveral curious works, of which the princi¬ 
pal is, the Natural Hiftory of the Univerfe, 1734, 4 vols. 
i2mo. He perifhed in a fire which burnt the houfe he 
lived in at Paris, in 1726. 
COLONNA'DE,/. [from colonna, Ital. a column.] A 
periltyle of a circular figure; or a feries of columns dif- 
pofed in a circle, and infulated within fide. 
Here circling colonnades the ground inclofe, 
And here the marble ftatue breathe in rows. Addlfon. 
Any feries or range of pillars. 
For you my colonnades extend their wings. Pope. 
COLON'NE, a town of France, in the department of 
the Jura, and chief place of a canton, in the diftri< 5 t of Po- 
ligny : two leagues weft-north-well of Poligny. 
COLO'NOS, an eminence near Athens, whither CEdi- 
pus, after his banilhment from Thebes, is laid to have 
retired: and hence Sophocles calls the tragedy on the 
fubjeift, Oedipus Coloncus. —A place facred to Neptune, 
where flood an equeftrian ftatue of him. Here alfo flood 
Timon’s tow/er; who, for his love of folitude, and hatred 
to mankind, was called Mifantbropos. Paufanias. 
COLON'SA, one of the weftern iflands of Scotland, 
about fix miles long, and two broad : four miles north 
from Ila. 
COLO'NUS, f. an hulbandman, or villager, who was 
bound to pay yearly a certain tribute, or at certain times 
of 
