788 COL 
main : n force; unlefs fuch as are againil the law of God, 
as in the cafe of an infidel country. In the cafeof Camp¬ 
bell <v. Hall, there is an elaborate argument of lord Manf- 
field, to prove the king’s legiflative authority, by his pre¬ 
rogative alone, over a ceded or conquered country. Cowp. 
204. Our American plantations are principally of this 
latter fort, obtained either by right of conqueft, driving 
out the natives, or by treaties. And therefore the com¬ 
mon law of England, as fuch, has no allowance or autho¬ 
rity there; they being no part of the mother country, 
but diftinft (though dependant) dominions. They are 
fubjeft however to the control of the parliament; though 
(iike the Ifle of Man, and the reft) not bound by any abts 
of parliament, unlefs particularly named. 1 Comm. Introd. 
p. 108. 
With refpeft to their interior polity, our colonies are 
listed by Blackftone to be properly of three forts : 1. Pro¬ 
vincial eftablilhments ; the conllitutions of which depend 
on the refpediive commiflions iflued by the crown to the 
governors, and the inftrudtions which ufually accompany 
thole xommiffions; under the authority of which, pro¬ 
vincial aftemblies are conflituted, with the power of mak¬ 
ing local ordinances, not repugnant to the laws of Eng¬ 
land. 2. Proprietary governments; granted out by the 
crown to individuals, in the nature of feudatory princi¬ 
palities, with all the inferior regalities, and lubordinate 
powers of iegiflation, which formerly belonged to the 
owners of counties-palatine : yet Hill with thefe exprefs 
conditions, that the ends for which the grant was made 
be l'ubftantially purfued, and that nothing be attempted 
which may derogate from the fovereignty of the mother 
country. 3. Charter governments ; in the nature of civil 
corporations, with the power of making bye-laws for 
their own interior regulation, not contrary to the laws of 
England ; and with fuch rights and authorities as, are 
fpecially given them in their leveral charters of incorpo¬ 
ration. The form of government in molt of them is bor¬ 
rowed from that of England. They have a governor 
named by the king, (or in fome proprietary colonies by 
the proprietor,) who is his reprefentative or deputy. They 
have courts of juftice of their own, from whofe decifions 
an appeal lies to the king and council here in England. 
Their general aftemblies, which are their houfe of com¬ 
mons, together with their council of flate, being their 
upper houfe, with the concurrence of the king or his re¬ 
prefentative, the governor, make laws fuited to their own 
emergencies. But it is particularly declared by 7 and 8 
Will. III. c. 22, that all laws, bye-laws, ufages, and cuf- 
tom's, wdiich fha.ll be in prabtice in any of the plantations, 
repugnant to any law, made or to be made in this king¬ 
dom relative to the faid plantations, fhall be utterly void 
and of none efleft. And becaufe feveral of the colonies 
had claimed the foie and exclufive right of impofing taxes 
upon themlelves the ftatute 6 Geo. III. c. 12. was palled, 
exprefsly declaring, that all his majelty’s colonies and 
plantations in America have been, are, and of right ought 
to be, lubordinate to and dependent upon the imperial 
crown and parliament of Great Britain ; who have full 
power and authority to make laws and ftatutes of fuffi- 
cient validity to bind the colonies and people of America, 
fubjebls of the crown of Great Britain, in all cafes what- 
foever. This authority was afterwards enforced by Hat. 
7 Geo. III. c. 59, for 1‘ufpending the Iegiflation of New 
York, and by leveral fublequent ftatutes: but by 22 Geo. 
III. c.4.6, his majefty was empowered to conclude a truce 
or peace with the colonies in North America; and for 
that purpofe, to repeal, or to fnfpend, the operation of 
any afts of parliament fo far as they related to the faid 
colonies. A peace was foon 1 after concluded, and the 
independence, which the above-mentioned colonies had 
before declared, was allowed to them, under the title of 
the United States of America; and the flat. 23 Geo. III. 
c. 39, gives his majefty certain powers for the better car¬ 
rying on trade and commerce between England and the 
United States. See the article America, vol. i. p. 412, 
COL 
See. See flat. jGeo.II.c.y, as to fuits in the courts of law 
and equity in the plantations ; and the making houfes, 
lands, negroes, and real eftates, afters to pay debts. Stat. 
13 Geo. III. c. 14, as to mortgages of eftates in the Weft 
India colonies, and the mode of proceeding to enforce 
the fame. Stat. 22 Geo. III. c. 75, by which offices in 
plantations can only be granted by patent, during the 
reftdence of the grantee, and quamdiu fe benegefj'erit-, and 
on abl’ence or milbehaviour, the officer is removable by 
the governor and council, who may alfo give leave of 
abfence. As to the limits and government of the pro¬ 
vince of Quebec, fee 14 Geo. III. c. 83. 31 Geo. III. c. 31. 
Courts of civil jurifdiftion in Newfoundland, are efta- 
blilhed and regulated by 31 Geo. III. c. 29. 32 Geo. III. 
c. 46. 33 Geo. III. c. 76. 34 Geo. III. c.44. 35 Geo. III. 
c. 25. A court of criminal jurifdiftion in Norfolk Ifland, 
on the eaftern coaft of New South Wales, whither felons 
are now tranfported, is eftablilhed and regulated by 27 
Geo.III. c. 2. 34 Geo. III. c. 45. 35 Geo. III. c. 18. 
COLOO'R, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Guntoor, in which is a diamond mine, fttuated on the 
fouth fide of the Kiftnah: thirteen miles north-weft of 
Condavir. 
CO'LOPHON, f. [xoAoipwv, accomplifhment or clofe.] 
A note, either by the author or printer, ufually placed at 
the end of old books. 
CO'LOPHON, anciently a town of Ionia, at a fmall 
diftance from the fea, firft built by Mopfus the foil of 
Manto, and colonized by the fons of Codrus. It was the 
native country of Mimnermus, Nicander, and Xenopha¬ 
nes, and one of the cities which difputed for the honour 
of having given birth to Homer. Apollo had a temple 
there. Strabo. 
CO'LOPHONY, f. The refinous refiduum after the 
diftiilation of the light oil from turpentine. It has the 
properties of other refins, and the fame principles may be 
obtained from it by analyfts. It receives its name of colo- 
phonia from Colophon, a city of Ionia ; becaufe the belt 
was formerly brought from thence. Two forts are men¬ 
tioned in ancient writings ; the one dry, the other in a li¬ 
quid form. The latter feems to have been liquid pitch, 
which is the crude refin of the pine brought from Colo¬ 
phon ; the other was called rejin a frifia, and conftfted 
only of the former deprived of its humid parts. 
COLOQUIN'TIDA,/. [colocynthis, Lat. from xoAoj'wSi;, 
Gr.l In botany. See Cucumis, 
COLOR A'DO, a river of New Mexico, which run$ in¬ 
to the bay of St. Bernard. Lat. 29.0. N. Ion. 79. 17. W. 
Ferro. 
COLORA'DO, or River of Mahtyrs, a river of 
North America, which runs into the northern part of the 
Gulf of California. 
COLOR'ADO, or Riviere Rouge, a river of North 
America, in Louifiana, which runs into the Gulf of 
Mexico, fifty miles below New Orleans. 
COLORA'DOS (Los), a numerous clufter of fmall 
iftands, or rocks, near the north-weft coaft of the ifland 
of Cuba. 
CO'LORATE, adj. \_coloratus, Lat.] Coloured ; dyed ; 
marked or ftained with fome colour.—Had the tunicles 
-and humours of the eye been colocate, many rays from 
vifible objefts would have been ftopt. Ray. 
COLORA'TlON, f. [coloro, Lat.] The art or practice 
of colouring.—Some bodies have a more departable na¬ 
ture than others, as is evident in coloration ; for a fmall 
quantity of falfron will tinft more than a great quantity 
of braftl. Bacon. —The date of being coloured.—Amonglt 
curiofities I fliall place coloration , though femewhat better; 
for beauty in flowers is their preheminence. Bacon. 
COLORATU'RA,/ [Ital.] in muiic, denotes all man¬ 
ner of variations, trillos, diminutions, Sec. terving to 
make a fong agreeable. 
COLORE'DO, a town of Italy, belonging to the flate 
of Venice, in the country of Friuli: leveii miles north- 
weft of Udina. 
COLORI'FICj 
