821' 
C O L U M B A; 
Chinefe fonuat. It is found at Malacca, and in the illand 
of St. Helena ; all’o in the province of Venetzuela, in 
South America. 
48. Columba cyanocephala, the blue-headed turtle ; 
fize of the common pigeon ; the bill red at the bale, and 
9 (li-coloured at the point; the crown of the head and the 
throat are blue; this colour defcends a little way down 
the middle of the fore part of the neck, beneath which 
the feathers are black, and on fome of them is a tranf- 
verfe ftripe of white ; from the lower jaw to the hind 
part of the head is a ftripe of white, palling under the 
eye; the back, rump, wing and tail coverts, vinaceous 
•brown; the belly, thighs, and under tail-coverts, in¬ 
clining to rufous; the tail dulky alh-colour above, and 
blackilh beneath ; the legs and claws red. This bird in¬ 
habits Jamaica, and the warmer parts of the American 
continent. It is very common in the illand of Cuba, 
where it is caught in great quantities, and brought to 
the markets’ for 1 eating. It has been kept in a tame ftate, 
but will not breed. 
49 • Columba Suratenfis, the turtle-dove of Surat; fize 
of the collared turtle: bill black; irides red; head and 
fore part of the neck vinous grey; bread, belly, and 
thighs, the fame, but paler; the feathers on the top of 
tile neck behind are black, tipped by a white band; on 
the lower part black, tipped by a rufous band ; wing-co¬ 
verts pale grey, each feather ftreaked with black down 
the (haft, and widens as it approaches the tip ; back, 
rump, and tail, deep grey ; under tail-coverts white ; legs 
red. Native of Surat in the Eaft Indies. 
50. Columba Cambayenfis, the Cambayan turtle; bill 
black ; irides red ; head pale vinaceous grey; the feathers 
on the fore part of the neck are black for two-thirds of 
their length, and of a pale rufous the reft ; the hind part 
of the neck and back grey ; the wing-coverts cinereous, 
the quills black; the two middle tail-feathers are grey, 
the others half black half grey; the belly, thighs, and 
under tail-coverts, white; legs red. Inhabits Surat and 
other parts of the province of Cambaya. 
51. Columba Malabarica, the Malabar turtle; fize of 
the collared turtle: bill and irides red; the head, back, 
and wings, are of a pale cinereous grey ; the neck and 
bread light vinaceous; the middle wing-coverts marked 
with oval fpots; the two middle tail-feathers grey; the 
others black for two-thirds of their length, and from 
thence to the end white; the belly is white; the legs red: 
found on the coaft of Malabar. 
52. Columba viridis, the green turtle; length feven 
inches and three-quarters: bill red ; fore part ot the head, 
and throat, afti-colourecl; the hind part of the head and 
neck, the back, rump, upper tail and wing coverts, bread, 
belly, tides, and thighs, green gold, glofi'ed with copper ; 
the fore part of the neck a beautiful violet purple ; the 
greater wing-coverts above have the outer edges at the 
tip brimftone-colour, the under wing-coverts a(h-colour; 
the quills are blackilh, with the outer edges and tips of 
the fame colour as the body; the tail is blue green, 
glofi'ed with copper, the two middle feathers are plain, 
and verge to blackilh on the inner webs, the others are all 
ripped with yellow ; legs red, and half covered with fea¬ 
thers. Native of the illand of Amboyna. 
53. Columba melanocephala, the black-capped turtle; 
length nine inches and a half; bill black, lliort, and yel¬ 
low at the tip; the head of a pale blueilh alh-colour; 
chin and throat fine deep yellow; neck, and body in ge¬ 
neral, of a fine deep green; vent orange yellow; tail 
cuneiform, with fix of the middle feathers green ; the three 
outer ones on each fide of a molt beautiful crimfon; legs 
red : native of the illand of Java. 
54. Columba Javanica, the Javan turtle; fize of the 
common turtle; bill pale red, covered with a white cere; 
head, neck, and brealt, vinaceous red ; forehead and fides 
of the head paleft; back and wings deep green ; greater 
quills brown ; belly dulky, growing very pale towards the 
tail, which is dulky beneath ; legs red. This is likewife 
a native of Java, where it is found in great abundance. 
Vol. IV. No. 241. 
55. Columba cyanocephala, the blue-crowned turtle ; 
bill red ; crown of the head blue ; the upper parts of the 
neck and body green ; neck and under parts reddilh : 
quills and tail blue black; legs red: native of China, 
where it is called yaupuan. 
56. Columba Senegalenlis, the, Senegal turtle ; about 
the fize of a blackbird; bill blackilh; the head, neck, 
and bread, vinaceous : the fore part of the neck fpotted 
with black ; the upper part of the back brown, with the 
end of each feather inclining to rufous ; the wing-coverts 
nearelt the body the fame ; the others alh-coloured, as are' 
the lower parts of the back and rump; the belly, fides, 
thighs, and under tail-coverts, white; quills outwardly 
alh-coloured, within and beneath brown ; the tail has the 
fix middle feathers cinereous brown ; and the three others, 
on each fide, of a dark alh-colour ; legs red. It inhabits 
the warm regions of Senegal in Africa. 
57. Columba vinacea, the collared Senegal turtle; fize 
of the preceding ; bill blackilh; the head, neck, and 
breaft, vinaceous, darkeft on the upper parts; back, rump, 
and wing-coverts, grey brown ; belly, fides, thighs, and 
under tail-coverts, dirty white ; quills blackilh brown, 
edged with white; tail three inches long; the two middle 
feathers grey brown ; the others black for two-thirds, the 
reft of the length grey ; on the back part of the neck is a 
black collar, which rifes upward on the fides of the neck; 
the legs reddilh. This likewife inhabits Senegal, and is 
principally diftinguilhed by the crefcent on its neck. 
58. Columba Afra, the African turtle ; not larger than 
a thrulh ; bill reddilh ; the top of the head alh-coloured :■ 
the hind part of the neck, back, wing coverts, and rump, 
grey brown; the fore part of the neck and breaft pale 
vinaceous; belly, fides, thighs, and under tail-cpverts, 
dirty white ; the upper tail-coverts grey brown, with 
black tips; on each wing are fome fpots of a green gold 
colour, glofied with violet; legs red. It abounds in feve- 
ral parts of Africa. 
59. Columba cricenta, the Manilla turtle; fize "of the 
preceding; bill black ; irides ferruginous; top of the head 
whitilh grey; hind part of the nepk violet, glofied with 
green ; on the breaft is a blood-coloured fpot, deepeft on 
the middle, and paler on the edges ; the belly grey, with 
a reddilh tinge; acrofs each wing are three tranfverfe 
grey bands ; and between thefe are two bands of black; 
the quills are black; the tail grey at the bale, and black, 
at the end; legs reddilh violet. Native of the Manilla 
illands. 
60. Columba fanguinea, the fanguine turtle ; fize of the 
common turtle; bill red; irides reddilh purple ; the whole 
plumage white, except the lower part of the neck and 
breaft, which are blood red, in the manner of the laft, 
as if a fword had been ftuck into that part, and the blood 
had foiled the feathers; legs red. This fpecies likewife 
inhabits Manilla. 
61. Columba Canadenfis, the Canada turtle; about the 
fize of the tumbler pigeon ; bill blackilh ; upper parts of 
the head, neck, back, and wings, grey brown; the lower 
part of the back, rump, and upper tail-coverts, alh-co¬ 
lour ; the throat and breaft, grey brown tinged with yel¬ 
low ; the fides greyilh ; belly and thighs dirty white; un¬ 
der tail-coverts pure white; the wing-coverts are marked 
with blackilh brown fpots ; all the feathers of the tail are 
alh-coloured, tipped with white, except the two middle 
ones, which have a large rufous fpot on the inner web to¬ 
wards the bafe, under which is another of a blackilh 
brown; the legs red. In the female the feathers of the 
head, neck, breaft, and upper part of the back and wing- 
coverts, are tipped with white, which gives thofe parts a 
ftriated appearance. Native of Upper and Lower Canada. 
62. Columba paflerina, the paflerine turtle. This fpe- 
cies fcarcely exceeds the fize of a lark; bill pale red, with 
a blackilh tip ; irides orange; the upper part of the head 
and neck alh-colour; the back, rump, and upper tail-co- 
verts, the fame, but deeper; the forehead, throat, fore 
part of the neck, breaft, fides, the belly, and under tail- 
coverts, vinaceous, fpotted with brown on the fore part 
9 Z of 
