840 COL Y 
wings, are brown ; Tides of the bead, round the eyes, and 
under parts, from chin to vent, filvery white; in many 
birds a mixture of pale ferruginous acrofs the bread ; on 
thd wings an oblique white bar; the inner ridge of the 
wing is alfo white; legs dulky. The female differs in 
having the head lefs tufted ; in other r.efpefts it much re- 
lembles’the male. The young birds differ exceedingly at 
different ftages of life; at firft they are perfeflly downy, 
and llriped, el'pecially dovrn the neck, with black; after 
this, when about half grown, the ftripes on the neck are 
lefs diltinft, being rather mottled than ftriped; and the 
under part, though white, is clouded with dulky; at this 
period a fulnefs round the head is obferved; as the bird 
advances itiil farther towards perfeftion, the brown and 
white appear clear and diltindt, the head becomes much 
tufted, and the horns are a little elongated. But we have 
great reafon to believe that the bird does not obtain the 
full and perfect .creft till the fecond year at leaft. This 
fpecies is common in fome parts of England, breeding in 
the meres of Shroplhire and Chelhire, and in the ealtern 
fen of Lincolnlhire, where they are cal led gaunts ; in fome 
parts known by the name ot cargoofe. The female lays 
four white eggs the lize of thole of a pigeon ; the neft is 
of a large fize, and formed of bogbean, (talks of water- 
lily, pond-weed, and water-violet, floating independent 
among the reeds and flags; the water penetrates it, and 
the bird fits and hatches in that condition. The food of 
the old bird is fmall fifli, which it gets by diving, and at 
times will eat vegetables. It feeds the young w'ith fmall 
eels; and will carry them, when tired, on its back; it is 
a quick diver, and difficult to be fliot, as it darts down on 
the leaft appearance of danger; and 1‘eldom flies farther 
than the end of the lake it frequents. Their lkins are 
made into tippets equally valuable with thofe from 
Geneva. 
7. Colymbus urinator, the tippet grebe; fomewliat lefs 
than the crefted grebe ; and it wants both the creft and 
ruff, fo confpicuous in that bird. The Tides of the neck 
«re ftriped downwards from the head with narrow lines 
of black and white; in other refpedts the colours and 
.marks agree. It is faid to be rare in England, but has 
been (hot on Rofternemere in Chelhire. They are com¬ 
mon in the winter feafon on the lakes of Geneva, appear¬ 
ing in flocks of ten or twelve, and are killed for the fake 
of their beautiful (kins; the under fldes of them, being 
drefled with the feathers on, are made into muffs and tip¬ 
pets ; each bird fells for about fourteen (hillings. It is 
alfo a common bird in the lakes of Siberia; but not in 
Sufiia. Their fat is fuppofed to have great virtue in 
rheumatic complaints. 
8. Colymbus Cayennenfis, the Cayenne grebe; nine¬ 
teen inches and a half in length ; bill dulky ; the under 
mandible yellow at the bafe; head, and upper part of the 
neck and body, dulky brown; fore parts, as far as the 
bread and fldes, rufous, the lad mixed with brown ; bread 
and upper part of the belly white; the lower part, and 
vent, brown 5 legs duflcy : native of Cayenne. 
9. Colymbus auritus, the eared grebe; about the fize 
of a teal; bill black, bending a little upwards at the 
point, the colour of the bale reddifti; lore and irides 
crimfon ; the head is very full of feathers of a dulky 
black, the neck and under parts of the body mottled with 
white; from behind each eye Tprings a tuft of orange-co¬ 
loured feathers, growing broader, and almoft meeting be¬ 
hind ; the breaftand under parts are filvery white; lides 
of the body ferruginous chefnut; legs black. The fe¬ 
male differs in having the head lei’s full of feathers than 
the male. This bird is found in the northern diftri&s of 
Europe, the temperate parts of Siberia, and in Iceland. 
Said alfo by Bougainville to be met with in Falkland 
I(lands, where it was named the diver with fpeflacles. 
There is a finaller variety of the eared grebe, about the 
fize of a lapwing; bill black; and the head rather fuller 
■of feathers. 
10. Colymbus obfcurus, the dulky grebe; fize of a fmall 
M B U S, 
teal; bill black, with the fldes red; lore and irides red ; 
the upper parts of the head, neck, anybody, dulky brown's 
ridge of the wing white ; forehead, and from chin to vent, 
white; bread very gloffy; at the throat the white paffes 
backwards almoft to the hind head, and the brown comes 
forward on each.fide on"the middle of the neck; on the 
thighs are a few black fpots ; legs fielh-colour tinged with 
purple. In fome birds the whole neck is alh-coloured; 
and others are fpotted between the legs with black. This 
fpecies inhabits the fens of Lincolnlhire; and frequently 
occurs in the London markets. 
11. Colymbus cornutus, the horned grebe ; larger than, 
a teal; alar extent lixteen inches; bill dulky; head very 
full of feathers, and of a gloffy deep green ; through each 
eye is a ftreak of yellow feathers, elongated into a tuft as 
it paffes to the hind head; upper part of the neck and 
back dulky brown ; fore-part of the neck and bread dark 
orange red; leffer wing-coverts cinereous, the greater 
quills black, middle ones white; belly gloffy white. This 
inhabits Hudfon’s Bay; and firft appears in May, about 
the frelh waters. It lays from two to four white eggs, in 
June, among the aquatic plants; and covers them while 
abfent. It retires fouthward in autum; appears then at 
New York, flaying till fpring, when it returns to the 
north. F<or its valt expertnefs in diving it is called the 
water-witch: known at Hudfon’s Bay by the name of 
feekeep. It migrates into Italy, Germany, Poland, Hol¬ 
land, England, &c. There is a variety of this bird w'ith 
the head much more tufted, and black; behind the eyes 
a ftripe of loofe rufous yellow feathers; the hind part of 
the neck, and upper parts of the body and wings, dulky 
black; on the quills a patch of white; fore-parts, front 
the chin to the breaft, and fldes, chefnut; breaft, belly, 
and thighs, refplendent white; legs lead-colour: native 
of Sclavonia. 
12. Colymbus rubricollis, the red-necked grebe; length 
eighteen inches ; bill nearly two inches long ; fldes of the 
bafe of both mandibles, for three quarters of an inch, of 
a fine orange yellow, the reft black 5 lore brown, irides 
fine orange red ; the crown and fides of the head above 
the eyes nearly black, and the feathers a little elongated ; 
the hind part of the neck, the back, and wings, dark 
browm ; fix of the middle fecondaries white, mottled with 
dulky at the tips; the chin, fides under the eyes, and fore¬ 
part of the neck, pale afti-colour; the reft of the neck 
ferruginous chelhut, mottled on the breaft with dulky; 
from thence to the vent, white, like fatin, mottled on 
the fides with dulky fpots; legs black. This fpecies in¬ 
habits Denmark and Norway; it is alfo found towards 
the Cafpian Sea; and migrates into England in the win¬ 
ter months, feveral of them having been killed both on 
our northern and fouthern coafts. 
13. Colymbus Thomenfis, the grebe of St. Thomas; 
fize of a fmall fowl; bill black, with a pale tip; irides 
white; the head and upper parts dull brown; between 
the bill and the eye is a white fpot; the under parts are 
white, except a large fpot of black on the breaft; the 
belly, fides, and thighs, lpotted with grey ; the wing-co¬ 
verts pale rufous; legs dulky. Inhabits the ille of St. 
Thomas, and is called duc-'laart. 
14. Colymbus Ludovicianus, the Louifianian grebe ; 
the bill in this fpecies is (lightly bent at the point; the 
upper parts of the head and body deep brown; fides of 
the neck and body, quite to the rump, ruft-coloured; 
middle of the breaft dulky white; from the bafe of the 
neck to the thighs, marked with large tranfverfe black 
fpots ; legs dulky. Native of Louifiana. 
15. Colymbus minor, the little grebe; in length ten 
inches; bill reddilh brown ; irides reddilh hazel; all the 
upper parts of the head, neck, and body, reddilh brown, 
very pale on the rump; fldes of the head, and fore-part 
of the neck, yellowilh grey; chin the fame, but paler; 
breaft and belly white, mottled with alh- colour, and red; 
thighs and vent grey; legs dirty green. Male and fe¬ 
male much alike, but vary according to age, as in other 
fpecies. 
