so 
ESP 
ESFINA'R, a town of Spain, in Old Caftile : eighteen 
miles fouth-fouth.weft of Segovia. 
ES'PINHAL, a town of Portugal, in the province of 
Beira : eighteen miles, fouth-eaft of Coimbra. 
ESPINO'S/^, a town of Spain, in Old Caftile : twenty 
miles north of Frias. 
ESPINO'SA, a town of Spain, in New Caftile : forty- 
four miles fouth-weft of Toledo. 
ESPl'RITU SANTO, the largeft and moft wefterly of 
the New Hebrides 1 (lands, in the South Pacific Ocean, 
about fifty-feven miles in length, and thirty in breadth. 
EbPPRITU SANTO, a river of South America, in 
the country of Brafil, which runs into the Atlantic. 
.ESPl'RITU SANTO, a town of the itland of Cuba, 
on the foiltli coaft : fifty-five miles fouth-weft of Bayamo. 
Lat. 19. 36. N. Ion. 24. 40. W. Ferro. 
ESPLANA'DE, f [Fr.] In fortification, called alfo 
glacis, a part which ferves as a parapet to the counter¬ 
fcarp, or covert way : being a declivity or dope of earth, 
commencing from the top of the counterfcarp, and lofing 
itfelf infenfibly in the level of the,.champaign. Efpla- 
inade alfo means the ground which has been levelled from 
the glacis of the counterfcarp, to the firft houfes ; or the 
vacant fpace between the works and the houfes of the 
town. The term is alfo applied to any piece of ground 
that is made fiat or level, and which before had fome 
eminence that incommoded the place. 
ESPLEE'S,/. [from cxplco, Lat.] In law, the products 
which ground or land yield j as the hay of the meadow's, 
the herbage of the pafture, corn of the arable ; rent and 
fervices, &c. And of an advowfon, the taking, of tithes 
in grofs by the parfon ; of wood, the felling of wood ; of 
an orchard, the fruits growing there ; of a mill, the tak¬ 
ing of toll, &c. Thefe and fuch-like iffiies are termed 
efplees. And it is obferved, that in a writ of right of 
land, advowfon, &c. the demandant ought to allege in 
liis count, that he or his aticeftors took the efplees of the 
thing in demand; otherwise the pleading will not be 
good. Terms de Ley. 
ESPLESSI'ERS, a town of France, in the department 
of the Somme : twelve miles fouth-weft of Amiens. 
ESPONDE'ILLAN, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Herault : feven miles north of Beziers. 
ESPOSEN'DA, a town of Spain, in the province of 
Galicia : twelve miles fouth-weft of Orenfe. 
ESPOSEN'DA, a feaport town of Portugal, in the pro¬ 
vince of Entre Duero e Minho, at the mouth of the Ca- 
vado, with a harbour for fmall veftels : twenty-two miles 
north of Oporto. Lat. 48. 32. N. Ion. 10. 9. E. Ferro. 
ESPOU'SALS, J'. without a Angular; [fponfalia, Lat. 
efpoufe, Fr.] The a£l of contracting or affiancing a man and 
woman to each other ; the act or ceremony of betrothing. 
ESPOU'SAL, adj. Ufed in the act of efpoufing or be¬ 
trothing.—The ambaftador put his leg, ftript naked to the 
knee, between the efpoufal Iheets ; that the ceremony 
might amount to a confummation. Bacon's Henry V 11 . • 
To ESPOU'SE, v. a. [efpeufer , Fr.] Tocontradt or be¬ 
troth to another; with to. —Deliver me my wife Michal, 
which. 1 efpovfed to me. 2 Sam. —Or with. —He had receiv¬ 
ed him as a fuppliant, protected him as a perfon fled for 
refuge, and efpoufd him with his kinfwoman. Bacon. —To 
marry, to wed : 
They foon efpous'd ; for they with cafe W'ere join’d, 
Who were before contradted in the mind. Dry den. 
If her fire approves, 
Let him efpoufe her to the peer (lie loves. Pope. 
To adopt ; to take to himfelf.—In gratitude unto the 
duke of Bretagne, for his former favours, he efpouftd that 
quarrel, and declared himfelf in aid of the duke. Bacon's 
Hen. VII.—To maintain ; to defend.—The cuufe of reli¬ 
gion and goodnefs, which is the catife of God, is ours 
by delcent, and we ate doubly bound to efpoufe it. 
Atterbury. 
ESQ 
ES'PRINGAL, or Espringold, f. An engine fot> 
merly ufed for throwing great ftones. 
ES'PRIT (James), a French moral writer, in the 
feventeenth century, born at Beziers, in 1611. In 1629, 
he entered into a feminary of the Oratory, of which his 
elder brother was a prieft, and diligently applied himfelf 
to the ftudy of the belles-lettresand theology. Afterwards, 
having been introduced to the duke de la Rochefoucault, 
the author of the well-known Maxims, that noblemait 
became exceedingly partial to him, and took the oppor¬ 
tunity of bringing him to the acquaintance of the chan¬ 
cellor Seguier. M. Efprit poftefted, in no common de¬ 
gree, the qualities that are adapted to pleafe ; good fenfe, 
w'it, polifhed manners, and a pleafing figure. He died at 
Beziers in 1678, before he had completed his fixty-feventh 
year. He was a member of the French academy, and in 
the infancy of that inftitution was confidered.as one of its 
finning ornaments. He was the author of Paraphrafes on 
fome of the Pfalms ; and of a treatife, entitled La FauJfeU 
des Vertus kumaincs, in two volumes 121T10. 167S. From this 
hook Louis de Bans has taken his Art of knowing Man¬ 
kind. It was his brother the abbe Efprit, who w’rote Po¬ 
litical Maxims in Verfe, printed at Paris in 1669, which 
were drawn up for the life of the dauphin, and furnifti us 
with an excellent collection of maxims for the education 
of a prince. 
ESPRONCE'DA, a town of Spain, in Navarre: eleven 
miles weft-fouth-weft of Eftella. 
To ESPY', v. a. \_efpier ,Y r To fee things at a diftance. 
•—Few there are of fo weak capacity but public evils they 
eafily efpy ; fewer fo patient as not to complain, when the' 
grievous inconveniences thereof york ienfible fmart. 
Hooker. —Todilcover a thing intended to be hid.—He. who 
before he was efpied was afraid, after being perceived was 
afliamed, now being hardly rubbed upon, left both fear 
and fhame, and was moved to anger. Sidney. —To fee un¬ 
expectedly.—As one of them opened his fack, he efpied 
his money. Gen. —To difeover as a fpy.—Moles fent me 
to efpy out the land, and I brought him word again. Jofh . 
xiv. 7. 
To ESPY', v. n. To watch ; to look about.—Stand by 
the way and efpy ; alk him that fleeth what is done > Jer. 
xlvii. 19. 
ESQJJER'DES, a town of France, in the department 
of the Straits of Calais, and chief place of a canton, in 
the diftriCt of St. Omer, one league fouth of St. Omer. 
ESQUIMAU'X, or Eskimaux. See Labrador. 
ESQUI'RE,/. [from efeu, Er. J'cutym, Lat. c-huto;, Gr. 
each lignifying an hide of which lliields were anciently 
made and afterwards covered.] An eiqttire was originally 
lie who attended a knight in the lime of war, and carried 
his fliield ; w’hence lie was called efeuier in French, and 
J'cutifer or armiger (i.e. armour-bearer) in Latin. Hoto- 
man fays, that thole whom the French call efquires were 
a military kind of vaftals, having jusfeuti, viz. liberty to 
bear a Ihield, and in it the enfigns of their family, in to¬ 
ken of their gentility or dignity ; but this addition hath 
not for a long time had any relation to the office or em¬ 
ployment of the perfon to whom it hath been attributed, 
as to carrying of arms, &c. but has been merely a title of 
dignity, and next in degree to a knight. 
A llieriff of a county, being a fuperior officer, retains 
the title of efquire during his life ; in refpeCt of the great 
truft he has had in the commonwealth. But efquires and 
gentlemen are confounded together-by fir Edward Coke, 
2 Inf. 668. He there obferves, that every efquire is a 
gentleman, and a gentleman is defined to be on e-qui arma 
gerit, who bears coat armour ; the grant of which adds 
dignity to a man’s family. It is indeed a matter fome- 
what unfettled what conftitutes the diftinftion, or who is 
a real efquire ; for it is not an eftate, however large, that 
confers this rank upon its owner. Camden, who.was 
himfelf a herald, diftinguilhes them the moft accurately. 
And he reckons up four forts of efquires. ;. The eldeft 
fons 
