E S T 
amends; but if what lie tenders is not enough, the lord 
fliall take iffue, and it is to be fettled by the jury. A 
bead eftray is not to be ufed in any manner, except in cafe 
of necellity ; as to milk a cow, or the like, but not to ride 
an horfe. Cro. Jac. 148. Eftrays of the fored are men- 
tioned in the datute of 27 Hen. VIII. c. 7. The king’s 
cattle cannot be edrays, or forfeited, &c. 
ESTRE'AT, f. [extrattum , Lat.] In law, the true 
copy or note of fome original writing or record, and efpe. 
cially of fines, amercements, &c. impofed on the rolls of 
a court, to be levied by the bailiff or other officer. Stat. 
Weftm. 2. c. 8. Juftices, commiffioners, &c. are to deliver 
their edreats into the exchequer yearly after Michaelmas: 
and fines to have writs, which fliall be entered in the 
edreat, in order as they are entered in the chancery rolls. 
Sec. 51 Hen. III. 16 Edeo.ll. Thefe edreats relate to fines 
for crimes and offences, defaults and negligences of parties 
in fuits and officers, non-appearance of defendants, and 
jurors, See. And all forfeited recognizances are to be 
fird edreated in the exchequer, by flieriffs of counties j on 
which procefs iffues to levy the fame to the ufe of the 
king. 22 and 23 Car. II. c. 22. Sheriff’s edreats mud be 
in two parts, indented and fealed by the fheriff, and two 
judices of the peace ; who are to view them, and one of 
them is to remain with the flieriff, and the other with the 
judices. 11 Hen. VII. c. 15. The edreats of fines, at the 
quarter-feflions, are to be made by the judices ; and to 
be double, one whereof is to be delivered to the fheriff 
by indenture. Fines, pod fines, forfeitures, &c. mud be 
effreated into the exchequer twice a-year, on pain of 50I. 
And officers are to deliver in their returns of edreats 
upon oath. It is the courfe of the king’s-bench to fend 
the edreats twice a-year into the exchequer, viz. on the 
hid day of the two iffuable terms; but in extraordinary 
cafes there may be a rule to edreat them fooner. 1 Sa//t. 45. 
To ESTRE'AT, v. a. To extraCL'—The recognifance 
becomes forfeited ; and being cjlreated or extracted (taken 
out from among the other records) and fent up to the 
exchequer, the party and his fureties become the king’s 
abfolute debtors. Blackjlone. 
ESTRE AUPO'NT, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Aifne : twelve miles ead of Guife. 
ESTRE'CHY, a town of France, in the department 
of the Seine and Oife: three miles north of Edampes, 
and twenty-three fouth of Paris. 
ESTRE'E St. DENNIS, a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Oife, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftriCt of Compiegne : feven miles wed of Compeigne. 
ESTREE'S (Francis-Annibal d’), duke, peer, and 
marfhal, of France, fon of Anthony d’Eftrees, grand- 
mafter of the artillery, born in 1573. He was educated 
for the church, but affumed the profeffion of arms, in 
which he rendered himfelf didinguiffied under the title 
of the marquis de Cceuvres. He fuccoured the duke of 
Mantua, belieged in his capital, in 1630, and took Treves 
in 1632. He maintained a high character, and was much 
refpeCted. He died at Paris in 1670, at the great age of 
ninety-eight. At the requefl of cardinal Richelieu, he 
drew up from his papers Memoirs of the Regency of 
Mary de Medicis; of which there is an edition, Paris, 
1666, i2mo. with a preliminary difeourfe by father le 
Moine. He likewife publiflied A Relation of the Siege 
of Mantua in 1620; and An Account of tire Conclave in 
which Pope Gregory XV. was chofen, in 1621. This duke 
was brother to the fair Gabrielle, miftrefs to Henry IV. 
ESTREE'S (Caefar d’), cardinal, an eminent and able 
negociator, fon of the preceding, born in 1628. His fa¬ 
mily intereft caufed him early to be brought forward in 
the church, and he was raifed to the biffiopric of Laon in 
1653. He was appointed mediator between the pope’s 
nuncio and the four refraCtory bifhops, refpeCting the 
famous regal, and by his addrefs fucceeded in refforing 
a temporary calm to the church. lie was created car¬ 
dinal by Clement X. in 1671. When Philip V. affumed 
the crown of Spain, the cardinal d’EIlrees followed him, 
Vol. VII. No. 40$. 
E S T 29 
in order to a<5l in concert with his minifters in the ma¬ 
nagement of his affairs. On his return.to France he was 
rewarded with the rich abbey of St. Germain des Pres, 
where he died in 1714, in his eighty-feventh year, leaving 
a high character for political ability. 
ESTREMADU'RA, or Estramadura, a province 
of Spain, bounded on the north by Leon and Old Caffile, 
on the eaft by New Caffile, on the fouth by Andalufia, 
and on the weft by Portugal, about ninety miles each 
way, though not regularly fquare; it formerly made pprt 
of Portugal, but being feparated from that country, it is 
fometimes called EJlrcmadura of Cajlile. The country is 
mountainous, and the air in fummer is exceedingly hot, 
wholefome to the natives, but infupportable to ftrangers. 
Spring water is fcarce, and the inhabitants are compelled 
to ufe principally that of ponds. The foil is fertile in 
grain, grapes, and other fruits. Cattle and fine wool 
conftitute their principal commerce; the hills are co¬ 
vered with.oaks, whofe acorns feed great herds of fwine, 
which are all black. The inhabitants are in general in¬ 
clined to corpulency, but are humane, affable, fincere, 
flout, and brave. A part of this province has been an¬ 
nexed to New Caffile, and a part to Old Caffile, but has 
yet a captain-general, who commands the troops and fu- 
perintends the police. The principal towns are Badajoz, 
Merida, Truxillo, Xerez de los Caballeros, Ellerena, 
Corea, and Placentia; the principal rivers are the Gua- 
diana, the Tagus, Alagon, and Tietar. 
ESTREMADU'RA, a province of Portugal, bounded 
on the north by Beira, on the north-eaft by Beira, on the 
eaft and fouth-eaft by Alantejo, and on the weft by the 
Atlantic Ocean ; 140 miles in length from north to fouth ; 
the breadth is very unequal, in fome places feventy miles, 
in others hardly twenty-five. The foil is perhaps the 
mod fertile in Portugal, producing corn, wine, olives, 
millet, oranges, and other fruits, with legumes of every 
fort; large plains are Covered with olive and other fruit- 
trees. The whole codntry is covered with flowers, and 
the bees produce a prodigious quantity of honey. The 
manufacture of fait produces one of the chief articles of 
their commerce. The principal towns are Lifbon, Leyria, 
Thomar, Santarem, Abrantes, Setuval, Cafcaes, and 
Cintra ; the principal rivers are the Tagus, Zczere, and 
Caldao. 
ESTREME'RA, a town of Spain, in New Caffile: 
twenty-feven miles fouth-eaft of Madrid. 
ESTREMO'Z, a town of Portugal, in the province 
of Alantejo, and one of the ftrongeft towns in the king¬ 
dom, being furrounded with ten baftions. It contains 
three churches, two hofpitals, fix convents, and about 
7300 inhabitants. A manufacture of beautiful earthen¬ 
ware is effabliffied here, and in the neighbourhood are 
quarries of beautiful marble : twenty-four miles weft of 
Elvas, and eighty eaft of Lifbon. Lat. 38.46. N. Ion. 
11. 10. E. Ferro. 
ESTREPA'GNY, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Eure, and chief place of a canton, in the 
diftriCt of Grand Andelys : nine miles north-eaft of Grand 
Andelys. 
ESTRE'PEMENT f. [ef rep amentum, Lat. from ejlro - 
pier, Fr. to lame; or from extirpare, Lat.) Inlaw, fpoil 
or wafte made by tenant for life, upon any lands or woods, 
to the prejudice of him in reverfion : it alfo fignifies the 
making land barren by continual ploughing. 6 Eden. I. 
c. 13. It feems that eftrepement is the unreafonable 
drawing away the heart of the ground, by ploughing and 
lowing it continually, without manuring or other good 
hufbandry, whereby it is impaired : and vet ejlropicr fig. 
niffing niutilare, may no lefs be applied to the cutting 
dow’n trees, or lopping them further than the law allow.-. 
In ancient records, we often find vajlum & cjlrcpamentuyi 
facere ; to make ftrip and wafte. 
This word is ufed for a writ, which lies in two cafes: 
the one by the ftatute of Gloucefter, 6 Edw. I. c. 1 3. when 
a perfon having an aCtion depending, as a formedon, writ 
i of 
