48 
E U C 
the feeds numerous, fmall, and angular. N. B. It is not 
clear that the above is really the fame fpecies with the 
E. obliqua of L’Heritier. The defcription is taken from 
Mr. White's Voyages, where it is named E. piperita. 
2. Eucalyptus refinifera, or red gum-tree. This is a 
large.and lofty tree, much exceeding the Englifh oak in 
fize : the wood is brittle, and contains a large quantity 
of refinous gum; the flowers grow in little clutters, or 
rather umbels, about ten in each, and every flow’er has 
its proper partial footftalk, about a quarter of an inch in 
length, befides the general one : the general footflalk is 
remarkably comprefled, and the partial ones in forr.e de¬ 
gree ; the flowers are yellowifh, and of a Angular ftruc- 
ture ; the calyx is hemifpherical, perfectly entire dn the 
margin, and afterwards becomes the capfule : on the top 
of the calyx, rather within the margin, (lands a conical 
pointed calyptra, which is of the fame colour with the 
calyx, and about as long as that and the calyx taken to¬ 
gether: this calyptra, which is the efiential mark of the 
genus, and differs from that of the E. obliqua of L’Heri¬ 
tier only in being conical and acute inftead of hemi¬ 
fpherical, is perfectly entire, and never fplits or divides, 
though it is analogous to the corolla of other plants; 
when it is removed, we perceive a great number of red 
ftamina (landing in a conical mafs; the antherae are fmall 
and red, and in the center is a Angle ftyle, terminated by 
a blunt ftigma : the ftamens are very refinous and aro¬ 
matic; the germ appears, when cut acrofs, to be divided 
into three cells; each containing the rudiments of one 
or more feeds. On making inciflons into the trunk of 
this tree, large quantities of red refinous juice are ob¬ 
tained, fometimes more than Axty gallons from a Angle 
tree; when dried this juice becomes a powerfully aftrin- 
gent gum-refin, much refembling that known in the (hops 
by the name of kino, and for all medical purpofes full as 
efficacious. Mr. White, the chief furgeon to our fettle- 
ment at Botany-bay, adminiftered it to a great number of 
patients in the dyfentery, and found it eminently fervice- 
able, fo as not to fail in a Angle inftance. This gum- 
refin diffoJves almofl entirely in fpirit of wine, to which 
it gives a blood-red tindlure ; water diflolves about a 
fixtli part only, and the watery folution is of a bright 
red : both thefe folutions are powerfully aftringent. 
-EU'CHARIST, J. When our Lord inftituted the cele¬ 
bration of what we commonly call “ The Lord’s Supper,” 
St. Luke fays, sitts (xxii. 17.) and St. Paul, 
ExAasre {1 Cor. xi. 24.) i. e. When He had 
given thanks. And from thefe paflages is derived the 
word “ Eucharift,” which in its firft fenfe means, “A fo- 
lemn thankfgiving.” Our Lord row “gave thanks” 
to God the Father, becaufe He was the author of all 
blefiings, temporal and fpiritual. We “give 
thanks” at the Lord’s Supper, not only for the w’orks of 
creation and providence, but more efpecially becaufe 
God hath vouchfafed to give 11s the fpiritual benefits of 
Chriftianity procured for us by the death and paflion of His 
Son, in commemoration of which we take the elements 
bread and wine, as fymbolical reprefentations of his body 
and blood. From the aEl of thankfgiving at the facrament 
of the Lord’s Supper, the word “Eucharift,” by mif- 
application, pafled to (ignify The elements oj bread and wine 
themfelves. Hence we read in Bingham’s Antiquities, 
“ St. Jerom fays, Prefbyters were the only perfons whofe 
prayers confecrated bread and wine.” Speaking of one 
Hilary, a deacon, he fays, “ He could not confecrate the 
Eucharif, becaufe he was only a deacon.” B. ii. $ 8. An¬ 
tiquities of the Chriftian Church. After the fame man¬ 
ner Irenseus: “We offer unto him his own gifts, thereby 
declaring the communication and truth both of flefli and 
fpirit. For as the bread, which is of the earth, after 
the invocation of God upon it, is no longer common 
bread, but Eucharif , confiding of two parts, the one 
earthly, the other heavenly : fo all our bodies, receiving 
the Eucharif, are no longer corruptible, whilft they live 
in hopes of a refurreCtion.” B. xv. 9. In thefe paflages 
E U C 
cited from St. Jerom and Irenaeus, it is clear that the 
elements thenrfelves were incorrectly ftyled Eucharif. 
But in ftrictnefs and propriety of fpeech Eucharif means 
Thankfgiving ; and Juftin Martyr, in his Second Apology, 
fpeaks of fuch ETTi to ttoAv “ Thankfgiving” at 
conftderable length ; the whole form of which is to be 
found in the “ Apoftolical Conductions and fome few 
words are retained by our church in that very fublime 
part of the Communion Service, beginning with “ There¬ 
fore with angels and archangels,” &c. where the 77 ?- 
fagion, i. e. threefold repetition of “ Holy, holy, holy,” 
is introduced. 
EUCHARIS'TICAL, adj. Containing a£ts of thankf¬ 
giving.—The latter part was eucharif ical, which began at 
the breaking and blefting of the bread. Brown. —Relating 
to the facrament of the fupper of the Lord. 
EUCH'ENDORF, a town of Germany, in Lower Ba¬ 
varia, on the Vils : fourteen miles w'eft of Vilzhofen. 
EUCHE'RIUS, a faint in the Romifti calendar, and 
bifhop of Lyons in the ftfth century. He acquired conft¬ 
derable wealth, and lived to fee his two fons advanced 
to the epifcopal dignity. Becoming difgufted with the 
world, he diftributed a part of his property among the 
poor, and the reft among his daughters, and retired with 
his two fons, Salonius and Veranius, into the ifland of 
Lero, now called St. Marguerite, where they embraced 
the monadic (late. That folitude he was with much dif¬ 
ficulty prevailed upon to quit, and to accept of the fee 
of Lyons, in 434. He aflifted at the firft council of Or¬ 
leans, in 441, and diftinguiftied himfelf in it by his learn¬ 
ing and fagacity. Claudian Mamertius informs 11s, that 
he held frequent conferences at Lyons, in which his abi¬ 
lities and addrefs were advantageoufiy difplayed. He 
died about the year 454. Among his writings which 
have reached our times, are, 1. Epifola de Laude Eremi, 
feu de Vita Solitaria, dedicated to St. Hilary, and written 
with uncommon purity and beauty of language for the 
age in which it was produced. 2. Epifola Paranetica de 
Contemptu Mundi & facularis Philofophia, ad Valerianum Cog~ 
vatum fuum, which Erafmus publiftied with notes, at 
Bafil, in 1520, and pronounced to be one of the mod: 
elegant pieces of antiquity. 3. Deformulisffiritualis InteU 
ligentice Liber, ad Veranum Filium-, and, 4. InfruElionum ad 
Salor.ium Filium, Libri II. His writings were publiftied at 
Bafil, in 1531; at Rome, in 1564; and are to be found in 
the fixth volume of the Bibliotheca Patrum. —There was 
alfo another Eucherius, who was bilhop of Lyons in the 
fixth century, and aflifted at the fecond council of Orleans, 
in 529, who has been frequently confounded wdth the 
above author, and had many circumftances attributed to 
him which are only applicable to the fubjeCt of the pre¬ 
ceding article. 
EUCH'ITES, orEucHiT.iE, a feCt of ancient heretics, 
who were firft formed into a religious body towards the 
end of the fourth century. They were thus called be¬ 
caufe they prayed without ceafing, imagining that prayer 
alone was fufficient to falvation. Their great foundation 
were thofe words of St. Paul, (Theffalonians v. 17.) Pray 
without ceafing. The word is formed of the Greek, evyyi, 
prayer, whence the fame with the Latin, precatores, 
prayers. They were alfo called Enthufiafts and Mefla- 
Jians ; a term of Hebrew origin, denoting the fame as 
Euchites. 
EUCI-IO'LOGY,y. [of iv-gy and Aoy©^, from A iyu, Gr. 
to difeourfe.] A formulary of prayers; commonly ap¬ 
plied to the ritual of the Greek Chriftians. 
EUCLE'A, J. [from suxAsia, Gr. glory or cele¬ 
brity.] In botany, a genus of the clafs dioecia, order 
dodecandria or polygamia. The generic characters are—I. 
Male. Calyx: perianthium one-leafed, many times (horter 
than the corolla, fubangular, fmooth, five-toothed : teeth 
very (hort, upright. Corolla: one-petalled, five-parted ; 
fegments ovate, obtufe, concave, patulous. Stamina : 
filaments thirteen (about fifteen, L’Herit.) very (hort; eight 
in the circumference, five in the center, (inferted into 
