E U L 
by the wonderful fimplicity and clearnefs of the author’s 
manner. It contains the diophantine problems reduced 
to a fyftem, and all the proceffes of calculation which 
are neceffary for the folution of them, fully explained. 
About this time M. Euler was honoured by the academy 
of fciences at Paris with the place of one of the foreign 
members of that learned body; and, after this, received 
from them the academical prize for three of his memoirs 
Concerning the Inequalities of the Motions of the Planets. 
The next honours which he received from that body were 
two prizes, for queftions propofed in 1770 and 1772, re¬ 
lative to a more perfect Theory of the Moon, in iolving 
which he was affifted by his eldeft fon. In his lad me¬ 
moir on this fubjedt, he referved for farther confideration 
feveral inequalities in the moon’s motion, which he could 
not determine in his firfl theory, on account of the com¬ 
plicated calculations in which the method he then em¬ 
ployed had engaged him. Afterwards he had the cou¬ 
rage to review his whole theory, with the affiftance of 
his fon and Meffrs. Krafft and Lexell, and to purfue his 
refearches until he'had conftrudted the new tables, which 
appeared in 1772. This work alone would be fufficient 
to render his name immortal ; and when it is confidered 
that it was completed after he was totally blind, and at 
a time in which he was embarralfed in his domeflic cir- 
eumftances, by a dreadful fire that had confumed great 
part of his fubftance, and forced him to quit his ruined 
houfe, it is impoffible not to be (truck with admiration 
and affoniffiment at the powers of his genius and memory, 
and the perfeverance, fortitude, and tranquillity of mind, 
which he uniformly difplayed. It would be difingenuous 
to omit obferving, that his felf-pofleflion and calmnefs 
he derived not only from the love of fcience, but from 
the influence of religion, which powerfully co-operated 
with philofophy, in infpiring him with true magnanimity 
and unwearied patience. Some time after this, the fa¬ 
mous oculift Wentzell, by couching the cataraft, reflored 
M. Euler’s fight; but fome inftances of negligence on 
the part of his furgeons, and his own imprudence in 
making ufe of the organ before it was completely cured, 
deprived him of his fight a fecond time, and the relapfe 
was attended with much tormenting pain. Still, how¬ 
ever, he continued his labours, with the afliftance of his 
fon and Medrs. Krafft and Lexell. Neither the infirmi¬ 
ties of increafing age, nor the renewal of his calamity, 
under additional trying circumftances, could damp the 
ardour of his mind. He had engaged to furnifl) the aca¬ 
demy of Peterfburgh with as many memoirs as would 
be fufficient to complete its adds for twenty years after 
his death. In the fpace of Even years he had tranfmjtted 
to the academy above feverity memoirs, and about two 
hundred more were found among his pofthumous writings. 
The mod ancient of thefe memoirs were feparated from 
the red, and form a collection that was published in 1783, 
under the title of Opufcula Analytica . His Introduction to 
the Analyfis of Infinitefimals, was translated Ironi the 
Latin by Medrs. Pezzy and Kramp, and ublifhed in 
1786. M. Euler’s knowledge was not confined to his 
favourite dudies of the mathematics and adronoiny, in 
the profecution of which he has fecured to himfelf an 
imperidiable fame. He had made a very conikkrable 
progrefs in medical, botanical, and chemical, fcience. 
He alfo poffeffed, in a very high degree, what is generally 
called erudition. He had read, with attention and fade, 
the mod eminent Latin claffics ; and he was familiarly 
acquainted with the civil and literary hidory of all ancient 
and modern nations. His uncommon memory feerned to 
retain every idea that was conveyed to it, either from 
reading or from meditation. The Aineid of Virgil he 
could repeat from the beginning to the end, and point 
out to his hearers the firfl and lad line of every page in 
the edition which he ufed. He enjoyed an uncommonly 
vigorous condi tut ion, and a furpriling fiiare of health, 
conlidering the intensity and ardour of his application. 
E U M 63 
His afpedt was grave and forbidding; yet his manners 
were unaftedted and pleafing, his temper lively and cheer¬ 
ful, and his converfation both inftrudtive and entertain¬ 
ing. The evening of his days was calm and ferene, 
fweetened by the fame that follows genius, the univerfal 
edeem and refpect that were due to his exemplary vir¬ 
tues, and the fatisfadtions which he received from the 
kind offices of friendfhip, and the endearments of domeftiS’ 
felicity. In the beginning of September, 1783, he was 
feized with feveral attacks of a vertigo, which did not 
prevent his calculating the motion of the aerodatical 
globes, which then began to engage the attention of the 
philosophical world. On the 7th of that month, while lie 
was amufing himfelf at tea with one of his grand-children, 
he was druck with an apoplexy, which terminated his 
illudrious career; but not till he had attained the gge of 
feventy-fix. Befides being foreign member of the royal 
academy of fciences at Paris, M. Euler was alfo member 
of the imperial academy of Peterfburgh, ancient diredlor 
of the royal academy of Berlin, and fellow of the royal 
fociety of London. The cat ilogue of his works has been 
printed in fifty pages, four teen of which contain the ma- 
nufcript works. The printed works confid of fuch trea- 
tifes as have been publiflied feparately, and mentioned 
above ; together with fuch pieces as are to be found in 
the memoirs of feveral academies, viz. in thirty-eight 
volumes of the Peterfburgh Adts ; in feveral volumes of 
the Paris Adts; in twenty-fix volumes of the Berlin Adts ; 
in the Adta Eruditorum, in two volumes; in the Mifcel- 
lanea Taurinenfia ; in volume nine of the Society Ulyf- 
fingue; in the Ephemerides of Berlin; and in the Me- 
moires de la Societe CEconomique for 1766. His fon, 
John Albert Euler, was alfo much celebrated as an 
adrononrer and mathematician. He died at Peterfburgh, 
on the 6th of September, 1800, aged fixty-fix. Several 
memoirs on adronomy, written by him, may be found 
among the prize quedions of the Academy of Sciences, and 
in the Tranfadtions of the Academy of Peterfburgh. 
EULO'GIUS, patriarch of Alexandria in the beginning 
of the feventh century, didinguifhed himfelf by his zeal 
for the Chridian religion in a letter which he wrote to 
Eutychrus patriarch of Condantinople, containing an ex- 
pofition of the orthodox faith. He was raifed to the fee 
of Alexandria in 381 ; and with Gregory the Great, whofe 
fentiments and difpofition were congenial to his own, he 
lived in habits of correfpondence and intimacy. He died 
in 608. Of his various works little more than fragments 
are now remaining, which are to be found in father Com- 
befi’s ABuarium Pat. Grac. his edition S. Martini Oper. and 
Photius’s Codex, in different places, which are pointed out 
by Cave. 
EULO'GIUS, archbifhop of Toledo in the ninth cen¬ 
tury, a martyr under the Saracenic perfecutions in Spain, 
born at Cordova in the year 800. Having been acetified 
of converting a young Mahometan female to the Chridian 
faith, he was condemned to be beheaded, and differed 
that punifhment in S59. He was the author of, 1. Memo- 
riale SanBorum, five Libri III. de Martyris Cordubenfihus. 2. 
Apologeticus pro Martyribus, &c. 3. Ex/iortalio ad Martyrium ; 
fome moral epidles, &c. They were colledted and printed, 
with notes, by Ambrofius Moralis, in 1554., of which a 
more corredt edition was publilhed by Poncius Leo, in 
1574; and they are alfo inferted in the fourth volume of 
Hifpania Illujiruta, and the fifteenth volume of the Biblio- 
thica Pat rum. 
EU'LOGY , [ [ey and Gr.] Praife; encomium, 
panegyric.—Many brave young minds have oftentimes, 
through hearing the praifes and famous eulogies of wor¬ 
thy men, been ftirred up to affedt the like commendations. 
Spenfer. —If Tome men’s appetites find more melody in 
dilcord, than in the harmony of the angelic quires; yer 
even thefe feldom mifs to be affedted with eulogies given 
themfelves. Decay of Piety. 
EUMA'RIDES, f. [evpa.^, Gr. eafy.] Among the 
ancients.. 
