76 
EUPHORBIA. 
from one to two feet high, very much branched, round, 
fmooth. Native of Jamaica, on the cooler mountains. 
47. Euphorbia imbricata, or imbricate fpurge : umbel 
dichotomous, bifid; involucels roundifh, mucronate; 
leaves obovate, imbricate, ferrulate ; fletn fruticulofe. 
This is a fmall fhrub, a hand or little more in height, 
branched at the bafe ; branches Pimple, round, covered 
with leaves, toot'nletted where the leaves fall, fmooth, as 
is the whole plant. Native of Portugal. 
IV. Umbel trifid. 48. Euphorbia peplus, or petty 
fpurge : umbel dichotomous ; involucels ovate ; leaves 
quite entire, obovate, petioled. Root annual ; dem up¬ 
right, nine inches high, round, fmooth, and branched, at 
bottom harder, more (lender, and of a reddifh colour, 
leafy, and milky ; branches few, not growing in any re¬ 
gular order, the lower ones longed. Native of mod parts 
of Europe, in kitchen gardens and other rich cultivated 
foil : flowering in July and Augud. It may eafily be 
didinguiflied from E. heliofcopia, which has fome refern- 
blance to it, and is frequently found with it, by having 
the leaves entire about the edge, and the petals furniffied 
with a horn at each end. Found in Savoy, about Mont¬ 
pellier, &c. 
49. Euphorbia falcata, or falcate fpurge : umbel di¬ 
chotomous ; involucels fubcordate, mucronate; leaves 
lanceolate, bluntifh. Very nearly allied to the next fpe- 
cies : it differs from it, however, in having the leaves 
broader, of a lanceolate form, and blunter ; the dem lefs 
branched, and a little higher. According to Villars, it is 
very low and much branched, the dem-leaves fall imme¬ 
diately, it retains only thofe of the divifions, which are 
repeated feveral times, fpread out and bent back in fuch 
a manner that the whole plant refembles a little bufh ; 
the elliptic petals have two very fmall threads, and fome- 
times only one; fruit fmooth, and a little prolonged. 
Native of the fouth of France, Swilferland, Germany, 
Audria, &c. 
50. Euphorbia exigua, or dwarf fpurge : umbel dicho¬ 
tomous; involucels lanceolate ; leaves linear. Root an¬ 
imal ; dem upright, branched, very leafy, about fix inches 
high ; brandies from the lower part of the dem ; leaves 
prelfed to the dem, ending very diarp. This fmall and 
delicate fpecies is found in corn-fields in many parts of Eu¬ 
rope ; flowering from July to September. Linnaeus af¬ 
firms that this fpecies is (harp-leaved on hills, retufe in 
meadows. Cavanilles, on the contrary, fays that he has 
found the latter on landy IT; 1 s, and the former in corn¬ 
fields: and Krocker has obferved them botli in corn-fields. 
51. Euphorbia obliterata, or obfolete euphorbia: 
leaves oblong, trapezoid, ferrate, pubefeent, obliterated 
on one fide of tbe bafe. Native of Carthagena, in New 
Spain, on the fandy coalt; alfo of Jamaica. 
52. Euphorbia tuberofa, or tuberous fpurge : involu¬ 
cre four-leaved : dem naked ; leaves oblong, emarginate. 
Native of Africa. 
53. Euphorbia divaricata, or divaricated fpurge: um¬ 
bel trifid, or quadrifid; dem fhrubby, trichotomous. 
Native country unknown : a fmooth laftefeent fpecies. 
Stem and branches ihrubby, round, the older ones a(h- 
eoloured, the younger reddifh-brown, marked by the ci¬ 
catrices of the fallen leaves; the upper branches green. 
V. Umbel quadrifid. 54. Euphorbia lathyris, or caper 
fpurge : umbel dichotomous ; leaves oppofite, quite en¬ 
tire. Stem upright, fucculent, from three to four feet 
high, with oblong, fmooth, feflile, leaves : the flowers 
are of a greeniflt-yellow colour, appearing in June and 
July, and the fruit follows foon after. What Linnaeus 
calls the petals, are in this fpecies evidently hollow nec¬ 
taries, containing juice, and putting forth a horn on each 
tide. The parts in this fpecies being large, it is the mod 
proper for acquiring a jud idea of this difficult genus.— 
It is a native of France and Italy, and has been long in 
the Englidt gardens ; being, common there in the time of 
Gerurde. 
55. Euphorbia terracing, or doubtful fpurge : umbel 
dichotomous; leaves alternate, lanceolate, retufe, mu¬ 
cronate. Root annual; dem herbaceous, more than half 
a foot in height, round ; leaves fmooth, oblique, roughifh 
about the edge ; a finger broad. Native of Spain, and 
the fouth of France. 
36. Euphorbia ditfufa, or fpreading fpurge: umbel 
four or five-cleft, dichotomous; dem very much diffufed ; 
leaves wedge-form, quite entire, alternate. Root annual, 
of a dender, fitfiform figure ; (tern round, upright, red 
at the bafe, half a foot high, fo branched from the bot¬ 
tom as to have the appearance of feveral dems ; lower 
branches afeending; both they and the dem almod co¬ 
vered with imbricate leaves. The whole plant is fmooth. 
It differs from E. terracina in having the leaves lanceo¬ 
late, not oblique, nor in the lead rugged about the edge. 
Near Vienna : flowering from July to September. 
57. Euphorbia apios, or pear-rooted fpurge : umbel 
four-cleft, bifid ; involucels kidney-form, the fil'd obcor- 
date. This has a knobbed pear-fliaped root, from which 
arife two or three (talks about a foot and half high: 
leaves oblong, hairy, alternate, on every fide the dalk; 
flowers in fmall umbels from the divifions of the dalk, 
fmall, greenifh-yellow, feldom producing feeds here. 
Native of the ill and of Candia. 
58. Euphorbia laeta, or mezerion-leaved fpurge : um¬ 
bel quadrifid or quinquefid, twice dichotomous ; fird irt- 
volucels oblong, upper ones rhomb-roundidi; leaves li¬ 
near-lanceolate, fubemarginate, quite entire. The whole 
plant is fmooth ; dem dirubby, round ; leaves fcattered, 
leffile, an inch and half in length. It flowers in June 
and July; and was cultivated by Mr. Miller in 1758. 
VI. Umbel quinquefid. 59. Euphorbia genidoides, 
or broom-like fpurge : umbel quinquefid bifid ; involit. 
cels ovate ; leaves-linear, ereft; dem becoming (hrubby. 
An upright flirub, with branches alternate, drift, very 
fimple, fhort, bearing flowers at the very tip. Native of 
the Cape of Good Hope. 
60. Euphorbia fpinofa, or prickly fpurge : umbel fub- 
quinquefid, fimple; involucels ovate, the primary ones 
three-leaved; leaves oblong, quite entire ; dem fhrubby. 
The branches, as they grow old, dry away and continue 
on the plant, fo that it appears as if it had thorns ; the 
flowers are ufually folitary. Native of the Levant. 
61. Euphorbia epithymoides, or epithimus (purge: 
umbel quinquefid bifid ; involucels ovate ; leaves lan¬ 
ceolate, obtufe, villofe underneath. This approaches to 
E. dulcis; but the leaves are more fcabrous about the 
edge, and villofe underneath. Native of Italy and Audria. 
62. Euphorbia Nicaeenfis, or Nicene fpurge : umbel 
quinquefid, bifid; involucels cordate, roundifii, quite en¬ 
tire ; leaves lanceolate, mucronate, fubcoriaceous. Vahl 
remarks, that it is nearly allied to the next fpecies, but 
differs from it in having the leaves, involucres, and invo¬ 
lucels, quite entire ; the (terns are a foot high, afeending, 
round, warted ; leaves an inch long, narrowed a little 
towards the bafe, thickiffi, quite entire. Native of the 
county of Nice ; found alio by Vahl about Pampeluna. 
63. Euphorbia dulcis, or fweet fpurge : umbel quin¬ 
quefid, bifid; involucels fubovate ; leaves lanceolate, 
obtufe, quite entire. Native of the fouth of Europe. 
64. Euphorbia Carniolica, or Carniola fpurge: rays 
of the umbel nodding ; involucres, involucels, and leaves 
lanceolate. The peculiarities of this fpecies are, that 
the leaves are quite entire, fpreading, feflile, acuminate, 
with the edges pellucid and red ; that the leaves and rays 
of the umbel are very lax ; that the colour is yellowifh j 
that the flowers are all peduncled, and mod of them bar¬ 
ren, except thofe at the end ; they have five rounded 
diining yellow petals ; and the capftile is warted. The 
milk is mild. It flowers after the end of April. Found 
in the ffiady meadows about Idria in Friuli. 
65. Euphorbia pithyufa, or juniper-leaved fpurge : 
umbel quinquefid, bifid ; involucels ovate, mucronate 5 
leaves 
