EUPHORBIA. 
78 
(terns many, fucculent, three feet high, covered, with a 
purple bark ; leaves oblong, fmooth, (haped like thofe 
of the widow, dark green ; the upper part of the (talks 
divide, and in the fork is fituated an umbel of flowers of 
a greenifh yellow colour; appearing in June: the feeds 
ripen in Auguft. It was difcovered in the Levant by 
Tournefort, who fent the feeds to the royal garden at Paris. 
83. Euphorbia platyphyllos, or broad notch-leaved 
fpurge : umbel quinquefld, trifid, dichotomous; involu- 
cels hairy along the keel; leaves ferrate, lanceolate ; cap- 
I ules waned. Root annual; ftem upright, from a foot 
to two or three feet high, fmooth; the upper part of the 
plant is greenifh yellow. Native of England, France, 
Germany, Swifferland, Auftria, Carniola, Piedmont, in 
corn-fields ; with us it has been found at Black Notley in 
Eltex, by Mr. Ray; between Harefield common and 
Battle’s-well, by Mr. Bluckftone; near Northfleet, by 
Mr. Hudfon ; at Ripton in Huntingdonfhire, by Mr. 
Woodward; in the ifle of Wight, by Dr. Stokes. 
84. Euphorbia glauca, or glaucous fpurge : umbel 
fubquinquefid, trifid ; involucres and involucels ovate ; 
leaves fcattered, oblong-lanceolate, quite entire ; Item 
frutefcent. Native of New Zealand. 
VII. Umbel multifid. 83. Euphorbia efula, or grom- 
well-leaved fpurge: umbel multifid, bifid; involucels 
fubcordate; petals obfcurely two-horned ; leaves on the 
barren and fertile branches the fame. Perennial : ftem a 
foot, eighteen inches, or two feet in height, upright, 
round, fmooth, feu-green, much branched, leafy ; leaves 
broader than in E. cypariflias. No. 75, fen-green, fmooth, 
linear-lanceolate, fefftle, acuminate, quite entire : all the 
flowers are fertile, according to Linn-tens; but Scopoli 
affirms that thofe on the firfl divifions are male ; capfules 
fmooth, fomewhat warted on the prominent parts. The 
milk is very acrid. Native of France, Holland, Ger¬ 
many, Swilferland, Carniola, Savoy. 
86. Euphorbia Seguierii, or Seguier’s fpurge : umbel 
multifid, bifid, dichotomous; involucels kidney-forhi, 
acuminate ; petals mooned ; capfules fmooth ; leaves 
lanceolate, acuminate. Native of Iftria, Verona, and 
Pied mont. 
87. Euphorbia Gerardiana, or Gerard’s fpurge : umbel 
dichotomous ; involucels round!fh ; petals quite entire ; 
branches none; leaves all of one form. Perennial: 
flems procumbent, afoot in length ; leaves entire, alter¬ 
nate, glaucous, fmooth, attenuated at the bafe ; the lower 
ones narrower, widening gradually. Native of Provence 
and Auftria. 
88. Euphorbia cypariflias, or cyprefs fpurge : umbel 
dichotomous ; involucels fubcordate ; branches barren 
with fetaceous, fertile with lanceolate, leaves. This 
bears a great refemblance to E. efula, No. 85, and in the 
fpring the umbels are very much alike : this, however, 
differs in being larger; in having leaves not all alike, but 
the upper ones, or thofe of the branches, briftle-fhaped 
or linear ; the lower, or thofe of tlie ftem, lanceolate, the 
involucre confifting of about twenty leaves, which are re¬ 
flex and broader f the involucels two-leaved, ovate-cor¬ 
date, yellowifli or reddifh ; the petals ere fee 11 Mb aped, 
yellow ; capfules fmooth : others, however, affirm that 
they are warted. As the umbel withers, lateral branches 
with very narrow filiform leaves grow up, refembling the 
pine. Grows in the fouth of France, Germany, Auftria, 
Carniola, Swiflerland, Piedmont; on hills, by road Tides, 
and in dry bapren places. It flowers with us from May 
to September. Parkinfon informs us, that it was often¬ 
times found in the country gardens of poor folks in many 
places with 11s. They knew it by the name of Welcome 
to cur houfe ; whence we may prefume that it was a fa¬ 
vourite plant : probably it was then much in ufti as a 
purge. The fpurges were alfo then in requefi, not only 
for taking away warts, but for curing die leprofy, and 
other cutaneous diforders. 
89. Euphorbia myrfinites, or glaucous fpurge : umbel 
with about eight bifid rays ; involucels fubovute ; leaves 
fpatulate, fpreading, flefliy, mucronate, fcabrous at the 
edg;e. Root perennial ; Items many, a foot long, trailing, 
with fears at bottom from the fallen leaves. Native of 
the fouth of France, Spain, and Italy ; flowers from 
April to June. 
90. Euphorbia paluftris, or marfli fpurge: umbel mul¬ 
tifid, fubtrifid, bifid; involucels ovate; leaves lanceolate ; 
branches barren. Root perennial; ftem three, four, or 
five, feet high, round, fmooth, with branches towards 
the top, which are alternate, and fnorter than the ftem. 
Native of Sweden, Denmark, Ge.mariy, Holland, Swif- 
ferland, France, Piedmont: with us it flowers from May 
to Auguft ; and was cultivated fo long fince as 1370. 
91. Euphorbia Hibernica, or Irilh fpurge: umbel 
muhifid, bifid ; involucels ovate ; leaves oblong, emar- 
ginate, fomewhat villofe underneath ; ftem Ample ; cap- 
fules warted-ramentaceous. Root perennial; (terns feve- 
ral, a foot or tuore in height, upright, unbranched, round, 
fmooth., very light green, with red blotches here and there; 
of the two flowers on each ray, one only ufually comes 
to maturity : the capfules are not properly wrinkled, but 
armed with many foft prickles on the middle ; for at the 
corners they are fmooth : they do not hang down, but 
(land upright on (lender (hort peduncles. The flower 
has ufually five petals; but fometimes only four. Mr. 
Ray relates a cafe of a boy being killed by a dofe of the 
juice of this plant. It is a native of Ireland in the 
mountains of Munfter, where it is known by the name of 
viakinboy. It was fent from thence by Stephens, profeffor 
of botany at Dublin, to the Eltham garden, where it 
flowered in 1729. It was firft mentioned in Phytologia 
Britannica ; next, in the fecond edition of the Catalogue 
of the Oxford Garden ; then by Merret, in his Pinax ; 
and by Ray in his firft edition of his Catalogue of Eng- 
lifti Plants. It was found by Mr. Doody among the com 
near Twickenham park, over againft Richmond ; and 
near Otterfpool, Herts; but no perfon having met with 
it there afterwards, Doody is fuppofed to have miftaken 
another plant for it. Mr. Hudfon, however, fets it down 
as being found between Feverfham and Sittingbourn, in 
Kent. It flowers in May and June-. 
92. Euphorbia dendroides, or European tree-fpurge : 
umbel dichotomous; involucels fubcordate, the primary 
ones threc-leaved ; ftem arboreous. This rifes with an 
upright branching ftem to the height of four feet; leaves 
oblong, pointed, alternate ; flowers in umbels from the 
folks; they are fmall and yellow, and rarely produce 
feeds in England. Native of Italy, Sicily, Candia, &c. 
93. Euphorbia amygdaloides, or wood fpurge : umbel 
dichotomous; involucels perfoliate, orbiculate; leaves 
obtufe. Root perennial : ftem herbaceous, not woody, 
(lightly downy, purple, two or three feet high ; the flow¬ 
ering part of it, during flowering, grows to more than 
twice its original length; leaves alternate, remote, thin, 
not leathery and ftiff, (lightly downy, efpecially the root- 
leaves underneath ; ftem-leaves lanceolate, very entire, 
broader upwards, both blunt and pointed, tapering down 
into Ipaf-ftalks; flower-leaves obovate-oblong, and obo- 
vate, with a (hort point at the end. Vaillant will not 
have this feparated from the next. Common in woods 
and hedges, in a clayey foil ; flowers in May, fometimes 
fooner, and continues to July. 
94. Euphorbia fylvatica, or wood-fpurge : umbel quin- 
quefid, bifid ; involucels perfoliate, fubcordate ; leaves 
lanceolate, quite entire. Stems Ihrubby, proliferous, 
thick; leaves hairy, perennial; petals crefcent-fhaped, 
erofe or gnawn, whereas thofe of the next fpecies are en¬ 
tire. Haller joins thefe two : this differs, however, in 
having the involucels entire, fubemarginate, orbicular, 
perfoliate; the germ fmooth ; the ftigmas femibifid, 
blackifh ; the anthers yellow, roundifh ; ftyles greenifli- 
yellow ; ftem unbranched, two feet high, reddilh, naked 
below ; leaves obtufe, not acuminate, fubpetioled, red 
often mixed among the green, two or three inches long, 
and one broad ; tire younger ones very villofe. Accord 
