80 
E U P 
and half of light frefh earth from a common ; thefe 
fliould be mixed well together, and frequently turned 
over before the mixture is ufed, that the parts may be in¬ 
corporated, and the compoft fweetened by being expofed 
to tlie air. If this mixture is prepared a year before it is 
wanted, it will be the better, that it may have the benefit 
of the winter’s froft and the fumraer’s heat to mellow it ; 
and the oftener it is turned over, and the fmaller the 
heaps are in which it is laid, the air will penetrate it 
better, and render it more fit for ufe. Thefe forts are 
eafilly propagated by cuttings, which fiiotild be taken from 
the old plants in June ; thefe muff be cut at a joint, other- 
wife they will rot. When thefe cuttings are taken off, 
the milky juice of the old plants w ill flow out in plenty ; 
therefore there fliould be fome dry earth or fand applied 
upon the wounded part, which will harden and flop the 
fap ; and the wounded part of the cuttings fhould alfo 
be rubbed in fand, or dry earth, for the fame purpofe ; 
then the cuttings fliould be laid in a dry part of the dove 
for ten days or a fortnight ; and fome of thofe whofe 
branches are large and very fucculent, may lie three 
weeks or more before they are planted, that their wounds 
may be healed and hardened, otlierwife they will rot. 
When the cuttings are planted, they fhould be each put 
into a fmall halfpenny pot, laying ftonesor rubbifh in the 
bottom, and filling the pots with the mixture before di¬ 
rected ; then plunge the pots into a moderate hot-bed, 
and, if the weather is very hot, the glades of the hot-bed 
fhould be (haded in the middle of the day, and the cut¬ 
tings fliould be gently watered once or twice a-vveek, ac¬ 
cording as the earth may dry : in about fix weeks or 
two months the cuttings will have put out roots, fo, if 
the bed is not very warm, the plants may continue there, 
provided they have free air admitted to them every day, 
otlierwife it will be better to remove them into the (love, 
where they may be hardened before the winter ; for, if 
they are too much drawn in fummer, they are very apt to 
decay in winter, unlefs they are very carefully managed. 
During the fummer feafon, thefe plants fhould be gently 
watered two or three times a-week, according to the 
warmth of the feafon ; but in whiter they muff not be 
watered oftener than once a-week, and it fhould be given 
more fparingly at that feafon, especially if the (love is 
not warm : the firft fort will require more warmth in the 
winter than any of the others, as alfo lefs water at that fea¬ 
fon. This, if well managed, will grow feven or eight feet 
high ; but the plants muff conflantiy remain in the (love, 
giving them a large fhareof air in warm weather, and in win¬ 
ter the fi ove fliould be kept in a temperate degree of warmth. 
The fourth fort is at prefent the mofl rare in England ; 
the plants which have been procured from Holland, have 
been mofl of them dellroyed by placing them in (loves, 
where, bv the heat, they have in one day turned black, 
and rotted immediately after. This fort will thrive well, 
if placed in a dry airy glafs cafe, with Ficoides, and other 
fucculent plants in the winter, where they may have free air 
in mild weather, and be protected from froft ; in fummer 
the plants may be expofed in the open air, in a warm 
fituation, but fhould be fereened from much wet : with 
this treatment, the plants will thrive much better than 
when they are more tenderly nurfed. 
The fifth, eleventh, fourteenth, forts, See. are alfo 
pretty hardy, and will live in a good glafs cafe in winter 
without fire, provided the froft is kept entirely out; in 
fummer they may be placed abroad in a warm fituation : 
as thefe are very fucculent plants, they fliould not have 
too much wet; therefore, if the fummer fliould pro-ve 
very moift, it will be very proper to place thefe plants 
under fome flielter, where they may enjoy the free air, 
and be fereened from the rain, otlierwife by receiving 
too much wet in fummer they will rot in winter. The 
eleventh fort will require to be fupported, otlierwife the 
weight of the branches will draw them upon the pots ; 
and, by training the flems up to the (lakes, they will 
grow four or five feet high, and a great number of fide- 
E U P 
branches will be produced. The twenty'-fourth and 
twenty-fifth, with feveral in the third divifion, (viz. 28, 
3°> 3 2 j 33> 3+) 35> 36, 4 6 .) are natives of the Eaft or Weft 
Indies ; and being annual, the feeds mud be fown upon a 
hot-bed in the fpring ; and, when the plants are fit to re¬ 
move, they fliould be planted feparately in fmall pots fil¬ 
led with light earth, and plunged into the hot-bed again : 
they mud afterwards be treated in the fame manner as 
other tender annual plants from hot countries. The fifty- 
fourth fort, vulgarly called the capcr-bujh , will become a 
weed in gardens where it is allowed to fcatter its feeds, 
and when once introduced, requires no care but to keep 
the young plants clean from weeds : this is the cafe with 
mod of the European forts, feveral of which are noto¬ 
rious weeds in gardens and corn-fields. The annual forts 
fliould have their feeds fown in the autumn ; they will 
come up in the fpring, and require no farther culture. 
The perennial forts may be propagated cither by fowing 
the feeds, or parting the roots, or by cuttings. No. 57 
may be increafed by off-sets from the main root; thefe 
may be taken off in autumn, and planted in a fliady fitu¬ 
ation, where they will thrive better than in the full fun. 
No. 58, 59, 92, 95, may be propagated by cuttings during 
any of the fummer months : they all require protection 
from froft in winter. .No. 78 mud be kept in the hot- 
houfe, and being fo eminently beautiful, it is to be la¬ 
mented that it is yet confined to the mofl choice collec¬ 
tions, which is the more remarkable, as it not only may 
be increafed by cuttings, but alfo grows readily from 
feeds ; both fent from Jamaica, and produced in England. 
The other perennials may be increafed by parting the 
roots, or fowing the feeds in autumn. They are mod of 
them hardy enough to endure the greatefl cold of this 
country, efpecially if they be planted in a dry foil. See 
Cynanchium and Cactus. 
EUPHOR'BIUM, / in botany. See Euphorbia and 
Crassula. 
EUPHOR'BIUM, f. A gum refin, brought to us in 
drops or grains, of a bright yellow, between a draw 
and a gold colour, and a fmooth gloffy furface. It has 
no great fmell, but its tafte is violently acrid and naufe- 
ous. It is ufed medicinally in finapifms. See Euphorbia. 
EUPHOR'BUS, a famous Trojan, fon of Panthous, 
the firft who wounded Patroclus, whom HeCtor killed. 
He perifhed by the hand of Menelaus, who hung his 
fltield in the temple of Juno at Argos. Pythagoras, the 
founder of the doCtrine of the metempfyehofis or tranf- 
migration of fouls, affirmed that he had been once 
Eupborbus, and that his foul recollected many exploits 
which had been done while it animated that Trojan’s 
body. As a further proof of his affertion, he fhowed at 
firft fight the fliield of Euphorbus in the temple of Juno. 
Homer. 
EUPHO'RIA, f. [Greek.] The well-bearing of the 
operation of a medicine, or courfe of a diftemper ; the ap¬ 
titude of fome things to particular operations. 
EUPHO'RIA,/. in botany. See Scytalia. 
EUPHO'RION, a Greek poet of Chalcis in Euboea, 
in the age of Antiochus the Great. Tiberius took him 
for his model for correCt writing, and was fo fond of him 
that he hung his picture in all the public libraries. His 
father’s name was Polymnetus. He died in his 56th year 
B. C. 220. Cicero. 
EUPHRA'NOR, a famous painter and fculptor of 
Corinth. Pliny. This name was common to many Greeks. 
EUPHRA'SIA, /. [from evOfiuivu ; the fame with 
£v(pfoo-vr/>, Gr. joy, exhilaration, delight.] Eyebright; 
in botany, a genus of the clals didynamia, order angiof- 
permia, natural order of perfonatae, (pediculares. JuJf.) 
The generic charafters are—Calyx : perianthium one- 
leafed, cylindric, four-cleft, unequal, permanent. Co¬ 
rolla : one-petalled, ringent ; tube length of the calyx ; 
lip fuperior concave, emarginate ; lip inferior expanding, 
three-ported ; divisions equal, obtufe. Stamina : fila¬ 
ments four, filiform, inclined under the upper lip ; an- 
therae 
