S6 
EUR 
E U S 
perianthium five-leaved ; leaflets roundifh, concave, the 
two outer (mailer. Corolla : petals three, roundifh, con¬ 
cave, longer than the calyx. Stamina: filaments very 
many, capillary, very much dilated at the tip; antherae 
twin, with the cells disjoined. Piftillum : germs three, 
ovate ; (lyles three, very fiiort ; (tigmas two, (lightly di¬ 
vided. Pericarpium : follicles three, ovate, divaricate, 
opening longitudinally on the inner fide.— EJfential C/ia- 
raBer. Calyx five-leaved ; corollas three-petalled ; fila¬ 
ments much dilated at the tip, with twin disjoined an- 
therae ; follicles three. 
Euryandra fcandens, the only fpecies known, is a climb¬ 
ing plant; a ijative of New Caledonia. Forjl. Gen. 82. 
EURY'BIA, the mother of Lucifer, and all the liars. 
IJrJiod. —A daughter of Pontits and Terra, mother of 
Aftraeus, Pallas, and Ferfes, by Crius. Apollodorus. 
EURY BLADES, a Spartan general of the Grecian 
fleet at the battles of Artemifium and Salamis againft 
Xerxes. He has been charged with want of courage and 
with ambition, He offered to flrike Themiftocles when 
he wiflied to fpeak about the manner of attacking the 
Perfians; upon which the Athenian faid, “ Strike me, 
but hear me.” Herodotus. 
EURYCLE'A, a beautiful daughter of Ops of Ithaca. 
Laertes bought her for twenty oxen, and gave her his fon 
Ulyffes to nurfe, and treated her with much tendernefs 
and attention. Homer. 
EU'RYCLES, an orator of Syracufe, who propofed 
to put Nicias and Demofthenes to death, *and to confine 
to hard labour all the Athenian foldiers in the quarries. 
Plutarch. 
EURY'DAMUS, a Trojan (killed in the interpreta¬ 
tion of dreams. His tw r o fons were killed by Diomedes 
during the Trojan war. Homer. —A wreftler of Cyrene, 
who, in a combat, had his teeth daffied to pieces by his 
antagonift, which he fwallowed without (flowing any 
ligns of pain, or difconlinuing the fight. /Elian. 
EURY'DICE, the wife of Amyntas, king of Macedon. 
She had by her hufoand, Alexander, Perdiccas, and Phi¬ 
lip, and one daughter, called Euryone. A criminal par¬ 
tiality for her daughter’s lnifband, to whom (he offered 
her hand and the kingdom, made her confpire againd 
Amyntas, who muff have fallen a victim to her infide¬ 
lity, had not Euryone difeovered it. Amyntas forgave 
her. Alexander afeended the throne after his father’s 
death, and periffied by the ambition of his mother. Per¬ 
diccas, who fuccecded him, (hared his fate; but Philip, 
who was the next in lucceflion, fecured himfelf againft 
all attempts from his mother, and afeended the throne 
with peace and univerfal fatisfaftion. Eurydice fled to 
Iphicrates the Athenian general for protection. The 
manner of her death is unknown. C. Ncpos. —A daughter 
of Amyntas, who married her uncle Aridteus, the ille- 
getimate fon of Philip. After the death of Alexander 
the Great, Aridasus afeended the throne of Macedon ; 
but he was totally governed by the intrigues of his wife, 
who called back Callander, and joined her forces w ith his 
to march againft Polyperchon and Olympias. Eurydice 
was foriaken by her troops, Aridteus was pierced through 
with arrows by order of Olympias, who commanded Eu¬ 
rydice to deftroy herfclf either by poifon, the (word, or 
the halter. She chofe the latter.—The wife of the poet 
Orpheus. As (he fled before Ariftteus, who wiflied to 
offer her violence, (lie was bit by a ferpent in the grafs, 
and died of the wound. Orpheus was fo difconfolate, 
that he ventured to the regions below, where, by the me¬ 
lody of his lyre, he obtained from Pluto the reftoration of 
Ids wife, provided he would not look behind him before 
he came upon earih. He violated the conditions, from 
his eagernefs to fee his wife. He looked behind, and Eu¬ 
rydice was for ever taken from him. See Orpheus. 
EIJRY'MKDQN, the father of Periboea, by whom 
Neptune had Naufitnous. Homer. —A river of Pamphylia, 
near which the Perfians were defeated by the Athenians 
Under Ciroon. Liny. 
EU'RYPON, a king of Sparta, fon of Sous- His 
reign was fo glorious, that his defeendants were called 
Eurypontida. Paufanias. 
EURYS'THENES, a fon of Ariftodemus, who lived 
in perpetual dilfenfion with his twin brother Procles, while 
they both fat on the Spartan throne. It was unknown 
which of the two was bor.n firft ; the mother, who wiflied 
to fee both her fons railed on the throne, refufed to de¬ 
clare it, and they were both appointed kings of Sparta 
by order of the oracle of Delphi, B.C. 1102. After the 
death of the two brothers, the Lacedaemonians, who knew 
not to what family the right of feniority and fucceflion 
belonged, permitted two kings to fit on the throne, one 
of each family. The defeendants of Euryfthenes were 
called Euryjlhenida , and thofe of Procles, Proclida. It was 
inconfiftent with the laws of Sparta for two kings of the 
fame family to afeend the throne together, yet that law 
was fometimes violated by oppreflion and tyranny. Eu¬ 
ryfthenes had a fon called Agis, who fuccecded him. His 
defeendants were called Agida?. There fat on the throne 
of Sparta thirty-one kings of the family of Euryfthenes, 
and only twenty-four of the Proclidas. The former were 
the more illuftrious. Herodotus. 
EURYS'THEUS, a king of Argos and Mycena;, fon 
of Sthenelus and Nicippe the daughter of Pelops. Juno 
haftened his birth by two months, that he might come 
into the world before Hercules the fon of Alcmena, as 
the younger of the twm was doomed by order of Jupiter 
to be fublervient to the will of the other. This natural 
right was cruelly exercifed by Euryftheus, who was jea¬ 
lous of the fame of Hercules, and who, to deftroy fo 
powerful a relation, impofed upon him the moft danger¬ 
ous and uncommon enterprifes, well known by the name 
of the twelve labours of Hercules. The fuccefs of Her¬ 
cules in atchieving thofe perilous labours alarmed Eu- 
ryftfleus in a greater degree, and he furniffled himfelf 
with a brazen veffel, where he might fecure himfelf a fafe 
retreat in cafe of danger. After the death of Hercules, 
Euryftheus renewed his cruelties againft his children, and 
made war againft Ceyx kingof Tracluinia, becaufe he had 
given them fupport, and treated them with hofpitality. 
He was killed in the profecution of this war by Hyllus 
the fon of Hercules. His head was fent to Alcmena the 
mother of Hercules, who relenting the cruelties which 
her fon had fuffered, infulted it, and tore out the eyes 
with the moft inveter'te fury. Apollodorus. 
EURY'THION, or Eurytion, a Centaur, whofe 
infolence to Hippodarnia was the caufe of the quarrel 
between the Lapithae and Centaurs, at the nuptials of 
Pirithous. Ovid .—A man of Heracles, convicted of adul¬ 
tery. His pwnifflment was the caufe of the abolition of 
the oligarchical power there. Arijlotle. 
EU'RYTHMY, f. Gr.J Harmony, regu¬ 
lar and fymmetrical meafure.—In architecture, paint¬ 
ing, and fculpture, it denotes that chaftenefs, elegance, 
and fymmetry, which refults from the beauty of true 
proportion. 
EU'RYTUS, a king of CEchalia, father to lole. He 
offered his daughter to him who (hot a bow better than 
himfelf. Hercules conquered him, and put him to death 
becaufe he refufed him his daughter as the prize of his 
victory. Apollodorus.-*- A perfon killed in hunting the C’a- 
lydonian boar. 
EUSCHEMO'SYNE,/ [from ev,' well, and Gr, 
form or habit.] That decency and gravity of deportment 
which, among the minor duties of his office, a phylician 
ought not to negleCt. Upon this fubjeCt Hippocrates has 
written an entire book. 
EUS'DEN (Laurence), an Irifli clergymen, reCtor of 
Conefby in Lincolnfflire, and poet laureat after the death 
of Rowe. His firft patron was the eminent lord Halifax ; 
whofe poem, ori the battle of the Boyne, he tranflated 
into Latiivand dedicated to his lordfhip. He wasefteem- 
ed by the duke of Newcaftle, who rewarded an epithala- 
jnium he wrote on his marriage with the place of poet 
laureat. 
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