E X C 
fiich thing as an heir that was, by right of nature, to in¬ 
herit all, exclvfive of his brethren. Locke. —Not taking into 
an account or number : oppofed to inclufive.—1 know not 
whether he reckons the drofs, exclufive or inclufive, with 
his three hundred and fixty tons of copper. Szvift. —Ex¬ 
cepting. 
EXCLUSIVELY, adv. Without admiffion of another 
to participation : fometimes with to, properly with of .— 
It is not eafy to difeern, among the many differing fub- 
ffances obtained from the fame portion of matter, which 
ought to be effeemed, exdufively to all the reft, its inexif- 
tent elementary ingredients. Boyle. —Ulyffesaddreffed him- 
felf to the queen chiefly or primarily, but not exclufivcly of 
the king. Broome. —Without comprehenfion in an account 
or number; not inclufi vely.—The firft part lafts from the 
date of the citation to the joining of ilfue, exclufivcly ; the 
fecond continues to a conclufion in the catife, inclufively. 
Ay life. 
To EXCO'CT, v. a. [ excoElus , Lat.] To boil up ; to 
make by boiling.—Salt and fugar, excoHed by heat, are 
diffol ved by cold and moifture. Bacon. 
EXCCECA'RIA, f. [from Excaco, Lat. to deprive of 
fight.] In botany, a genus of the clafs dioecia, order tri- 
andria, natural order of tricoccae, (euphorbiae, JuJf .) The 
generic charafters are—Male. Calyx: ament cylindric, 
covered with ffofcules. Stamina: filaments three, fili¬ 
form ; antherae roundifh. Female. Calyx: ament as in 
the male. Piftillum: germ roundifh, flightly three- 
lided ; ftyles three; ftigmas fimple. Pericarpium : berry 
(capfule) tricoccous, fmooth ; divifions marked out by a 
furrow. Seeds : folitary, fmooth.— EJfcntial CharaEler. 
Anient naked ; calyx and corolla none ; ftyles three ; 
capfule tricoccous. 
Species . i. Exccecaria agallocha, or agallocha excoe- 
caria : capfule I'm all, the fize of a juniper berry, fnbglo- 
bular, three-grooved, fmooth, black, three-celled, of a 
papery fubftan'ce, not divided within into three diftinct 
grains, but merely opening, when prefTed, by three valves ; 
feeds one in each cell, fubglobular, acuminate at top, 
convex on one fide, very bluntly angular on the other. 
Rumphius deferibes the capfules of the fize of the caper, 
rufefeent when ripe, and burfting elaftically ; the feeds 
hard, and variegated like thofe of Ricinus. Native of 
Amboyna and Tongataboo. 
2. Exccecaria Cochinchinenfis, or Cochincbina excoe- 
caria : leaves two-coloured fhining ; feales of the ament 
many-flowered. This is an arboreous ftirub, eight feet 
high, with the ffem and brandies irregular, fpreading, 
reclining ; it poffeffes an aftringent agglutinating quality ; 
the whole plant abounds in a glutinous milky juice, which 
has not the reputation of deffroying the fight; nor is the 
agallochum, even of a baftard fort, found in it. Native 
both of China and Cochinchina, where it is cultivated for 
the beauty of its red leaves. 
’ To EXCO'GITATE, v. a. [excogito, Lat.] Toinvent; 
to ffrike out by thinking.—If the wit of man had been to 
contrive this organ, what could heliave poflibly excogitated 
more accurate ? More. 
EXCOMMU'NICABLE, adj. Liable or deferving to 
be excommunicated.—Perhaps excommunicable ; yea, and 
caff for notorious improbity. Hooker. 
To EXCOMMU'NICATE, v. a. \_excommunico , low 
Lat.] To ejedt from the communion of the vifiblechurch 
by an ecclefiaftical cenfure ; to interdict from the partici¬ 
pation of holy myfteries.—What if they (hall excommuni- 
cate me, hath the dodtrine of meeknefs any falve for me 
then ? Hammond. 
Thou fhalt ftand curft and excommunicate ; 
And bleifed fhall he be, that doth revolt 
From his allegiance to an heretick. Shakefpeare . 
EXCOMMUNIC A'TION, f An ecclefiaftical inter- 
didt ; exclufion from the feliowftiip of the church.—As 
for excommunication, it neither ftuuteth out from the my- 
E X C 103 
ftical, nor clean from the vifible church ; but only front 
feliowftiip with the vifible in holy duties. Hooker. 
It is, fays Gibbon, the undoubted right of every.fo- 
ciety to exclude from its communion and benefits, finch 
among its members as rejedl or violate thofe regulations 
which have been eftublifhed by general ccnfent. In the 
exercifie of this power, the cenfiures of the Chriftian church 
were chiefly directed againft icandalous finners, and par¬ 
ticularly thofe who were guilty of murder, of fraud, or 
of incontinence ; againft the authors or the followers of 
any heretical opinions which had been condemned by the 
judgment of the epifeopa! order ; and againft thofe un¬ 
happy perlons, who, whether from choice or from com- 
pullion, had polluted themfelves after their baptifm by 
any adt of idolatrous worfhip. The confiequences of ex¬ 
communication were of a temporal as well as a fpiritual 
nature. The Chriftian againft whom it was pronounced, 
was deprived of any part in the oblations of the faithful. 
The ties both of religious and of private friendfliip were 
difiolved : lie found himfelf a profane objedl of abhor¬ 
rence to the perfons whom lie the rnoft efteemed, or by 
whom he had been the moll tenderly beloved ; and as far 
as an expulfion from a relpedfable fociety could imprint on 
his character a mark of dilgrace, he was fliunned or fuf- 
pecled by the generality of mankind. With regard to the 
treatment of thefe penitents, two oppofire opinions, the 
one of juftice, the other of mercy, divided the primitive 
church. The more rigid and inflexible cafuifts refilled 
them for ever, and without exception, the meaneft place 
in the holy community, which they had difgraced or de- 
ferted ; and leaving them to the remorfe of a guilty con- 
fcience, indulged them only with a faint ray of hope, that 
the contrition of their life and death might poflibly be 
accepted by the Supreme Being. A milder fentiment was 
embraced in pra< 51 ice as well as in theory, by the purefl: 
and moft relpedtable of the Chriftian churches. The gates 
of reconciliation were feldom flint againft the returning 
penitent, but a fevere and folemn form of difcipline was 
inftituted, which, while it ferved to expiate his crime, 
might, powerfully deter the fpectators from the imitation 
of his example. Humbled by a public confeftion, ema¬ 
ciated by falling, and clothed in fackcloth, the penitent 
lay proftrate at the door of the allembly, imploring with 
tears the pardon of his offences, and foliciting the prayers 
of the faithful. If the fault was of a very heinous na¬ 
ture, whole years of penance were efteemed an inadequate 
fatisfacfion to the divine juftice ; and it was always by (low 
and painful gradations that the finner, the heretic, or the 
apoftate, was re-admitted into the bofom of the church. 
A fentence of perpetual excommunication was, however, 
referved for fonie crimes of an extraordinary magnitude, 
and particularly for the inexcufable relapfes of thofe pe, 
nitents who had already experienced and abitfed the cle¬ 
mency of their ecclefiaftical fuperiors. According to the 
circumftances or the number of the guilty, the exercifeof 
the Chriftian difcipline was varied by the aiferetion of the 
bifhops. The councils of Ancyra and Illiberis were held 
about the fame time, the one in Galatia, the other in 
Spain; but theirrefpectivecanons, which are (till extant, 
feem to breathe a very different fpirit. The Galatian, 
who after his baptifm had repeatedly facrificed to idols, 
might obtain his pardon by a penance of feven years, and 
if he had feduced others to imitate his example, only three 
years more were added to the term of his exile. But the 
unhappy Spaniard, who had committed the fame offence, 
was deprived of the hope of reconciliation, even at the 
time of death; and his idolatry was placed at the head of 
a lift of feventeen other crimes, againft which a fentence 
no lefs terrible was pronounced. Among thefe we may 
diftinguifh the inexpiable guilt of calumniating a bifhop, 
a preibyter, or even a deacon. 
EXCOMMUNICA'TION,/. in law, an ecclefiaftical 
cenfure, divided into the greater and the lefs ; by the lat¬ 
ter a perfon is excluded from the communion of the church 
only ; 
