E X O 
wings, 3 re pretty high near the back, a favourable pofl- 
tion for the animal when out of the water, as placing the 
centre of fufpenfion above the centre of gravity. The 
membrane which connects the rays of thefe fins is fo thin 
as to yield to every motion of the fins in the air ; it lies 
over the rays in fuch a manner that the intervals may af- 
fume a concave form, and aft upon a great quantity of 
air ; the rays themfelves are flat, and admirably fitted for 
the fame purpofe. The ventrals are far apart. The tail 
is forked, and the lower lobe is about a fourth part lon¬ 
ger than the upper. Such are the principal traits to be 
obferved in the exterior conformation of the flying filli, 
not from a contemplation of dried and mutilated fpeci- 
rncns in cabinets, but at the moment when they are 
caught. Length from eight inches to a foot. They are 
found in alinod all warm and temperate feas; but dorms 
often drive them to a vad didance from the tropics, fo 
that they have fometimes been met with in Dover draffs. 
The ftomach can hardly be difiinguifhed from the int.ef- 
tinal canal properly fo called ; but the fwimming-bladder, 
which is very large, may fufficiently diminifh their fpeci- 
fic weight, when filled with a light gas to facilitate their 
progrefs in the water or in the air. See this fpecies at 
fig. i, in the annexed engraving. 
2. Exocoetus evolans, the Spanifh flying-fifli. Specific 
character, the ventral fins ftnall, and near the bread ; belly 
not carinated ; teeth none : the membrane of the gills 
has io rays, the pedtoral fin 15, the ventral 6, the anal 13, 
the tail 20, the dorfal 13. This fpecies greatly refembles 
the preceding, and is by many confidered as the fame, for 
which Bloch alligns the following very good reafon : 
“ The only characters by which Linnaeus diftinguiflies 
thefe two fpecies, the belly carinated and not carinated, 
are fubjeCl to doubt and difficulty, as indeed he acknow¬ 
ledges himfelf; for the keeled fliape of the belly proceeds 
from the lateral line, which runs near the belly, and is 
formed of hard bent fcales ; in fpawning-tiine the belly 
fwells out, and becomes rounded indead of carinated.” 
This fpecies is however fufficiently didinguidied, by hav¬ 
ing no teeth. It is laid to inhabit the Spanifh feas ; Pifo 
faw it at Br. fil, Dutertre at the Antilles, Kolbe.at the 
Cape ; in other countries it is rarely found. 
3. Exocoetus exiliens, the fea l'wallow. Specific 
character, the ventral fins long, arifing near the vent and 
reaching to the caudal fin. There are 10 rays in the 
membrane of the gills, 18 in the peCtoral fins, 6 in the 
ventrals, 12 in the anal, 22 in the tail, j 1 in the dorfal. 
The head is comprelled, broad above, narrow below, and 
covered with large fcales, which eafi.ly rub off. The 
mouth is ftnall ; the lower jaw is the longed, containing 
very final 1 (harp teeth, thole in the upper jaw being fome- 
what larger. The nodrils are large, divided in the mid¬ 
dle, and nearer to the eyes than to the mouth. The 
branchial aperture is wide, and the membrane partly 
concealed ; the poderior operculum condds of two la¬ 
minae. The eyes are large and vertical, with a black 
pupil, and dlvery iris. The trunk is quadrangular, and 
covered with large fcales; thafe on the lateral line have 
a ridng along the middle of each, and form a ridge on 
each fide of the belly. The fides and belly are filvery, 
the back blue, and the fins grey ; the ventrals, from their 
fize, may be confidered as two additional wings. This 
fpecies is found madly in the Red Sea and the Mediter¬ 
ranean ; Willughby difcovered it in Calabria, and Ron- 
deletius fays it is plentiful at the mouth of the Rhone ; 
Salvian fays it is fcarce at Rome ; Dr. Gardner obferved 
it at Carolina^and Commerfon in 34 0 . S. lat. The Helb 
is fat, and it is faid to be more delicate than the herring. 
It feeds on worms and weeds, and increafes wonderfully 
fad ; its fize is a foot and a half. See this fpecies at fig. 2, 
in the Engraving. 
4. Exocoetus mefogader, the mefogader, or middle- 
finned flying-dfh. Specific character, the ventral finsin 
the middle ofthe body. The membrane of the gills con- 
fid of 6 rays, the pectoral bns of 13, the ventrals 6, the 
anal .2 2, the tail 20, the dorfal 12. The fpecies in this 
e x o m 
genus are chiefly diftinguifhed by the fffuation of the 
ventral fins, which are fo various as might jsjftify natural, 
ids in placing them in different orders : thedrdand fecond 
have them on the bread; the third very far back, and 
the prefent have them jud midway the total length : 
thefe ventrals are fpread out like a fan with the longed 
rays in the middle ; the dorfal fin is crefcent-lhaped, hol¬ 
lowed out, and much larger. This fpecies is (hewn in 
the Engraving at fig. 3 ; and according to Plunder, is 
found in the Atlantic Ocean near the-Antilles; Parra 
fays they are feen in fhoals in the Gulf of Mexico. 
5. Exocoetus Commerfonnii, Commerfon’s flying-fidt. 
Specidc character, the ventral fins long enough to reach 
to the middle of the dorfal, and placed farther from the 
head than the middle of the total length. Twelve rays 
in the dorfal fin, 13 in the peCtorals, 6 in the ventrals, 
10 in the anal, 15 in the tail. Difcovered by .Commer¬ 
fon. Refembles the fwalfow-fffh ; but the occiput is 
more deprelfed, and there is a large gloify black Ipot on 
the lvind part of the dorfal fin. 
£XOCYS'TlS,yi [e|w, without, and *vr«* Gr. the blad¬ 
der. 3- A prolap fits ofthe inner membrane of the bladder. 
EXO'DE, or Exodium, f. in the ancient Greek dra¬ 
ma, one of the four parts or divifions of tragedy, being 
fo much of the piece as included the catadrophe and un¬ 
ravelling of the plot; anfwering nearly to our fourth and 
fifth afts. Among the Romans, it confided of certain 
humourous verfes rehearfed by the exodiary at the end of 
the Tabulae Atellana.—In the Septuagint, it fignifiesthe 
end or conclufion of a fead. Particularly it is ufed for 
the eighth day of the fead of tabernacles, which, it is 
faid, had a fpecial view to the commemoration of the 
exodus or departure out of Egypt. 
EX'ODUS, or ExoDY,y. [eIoJ'©--, Gr.] Departure; 
journey from a place ; the fecond book of Moles is fo 
called, becaufe it deferibes the exodus , or journey of the 
Ifraelites from Egypt. See the article Bible, vol.-in. 
p. 8.—In all probability their years continued to be three 
hundred and fixty-five days, ever fince the time of the 
Jewifh exody at lead. Hale. 
EXOLE'TE, adj. \_exoldus, Lat.] Obfolete; outofufe. 
To EXOL'VE, v. a. [ exolvo, Lat.] To loofe ; to pay. 
EXOLU'TION, f. [exolutio, Lat.] Laxation of the 
nerves.—Confidering the exolution and languor enfuing 
that aftion in fome, we cannot but think it much abridg- 
eth our days. Brown. 
EXO'MIS, f. A kind of jacket, a fiudents hood, a 
livery gown. Phillips. Not much vfed. 
EXOM'PHALOS, f. [from ef, out, and o^ipaXo;, Gr. 
the navel.] The medical epithet for any protuberance of 
the navel, as a hernia or dropfy. 
EXONEIRO'SIS, f. [ £ |, and oeei^o?, Gr. a dream.] 
An ejection of the feinen in deep. 
To EXO'NERATE, v. a. \_exonero , Lat.] To unload ; 
to dilburthen; to free from any heavy charge.—The 
glands being a congeries of veffels curled, circumjirated, 
and complicated, give the blood time to feparate through 
the capillary veffels into the iecretory ones, which after¬ 
wards all exonerate themfelves into one common dusdus. 
Ray. 
EXONERATION, /. The act of difburthening, or 
difeharging.—The body is adapted unto eating, drinking, 
nutrition, and other ways of repletion and. exoneration. 
Grew. 
EXONERATIONS SECT,®, a writ that lay for the 
king’s ward, to be free from all fuit to the county-court, 
hundred-court, leet, See. during warddiip. And Exone¬ 
rations Sect^e ad Curiam Baron, is a writ of the 
fame nature, fued by the guardian of the king’s ward, and 
directed to the Iheriff' or dewards, of the court, that they 
do not didrain him, See. for not doing fuit of court. New 
Nat. Br. 352. And if the fiieriff didrain tenants in ancient 
demelne to come to the fherid’’.s torn or leet, they may have 
a writ commanding the dteviff to furceafe. Likewife if a 
man have lands in divers places in the county, and he is 
eonftrained to come to the leet where he is not dwelling, 
2, when, 
