F A I 
Godfrey of Bouillon, which firft appeared in 1600, dedi¬ 
cated to queen Elizabeth. It is written in ftanzas of eight 
lines, conformably to the original ; and though the talk 
of tranflation was rendered more difficult by the (hackles 
of fuch a meafure, all readers, probably, will not concur 
with Mr. Hoole, the lalt tranfiator, in his opinion that 
inch a iianza cannot give pleafure to the generality ot 
thofe who have a tafte for Englifl) poetry. It is certain 
that the performance of Fairfax gave high delight in his 
time ; and Waller, who is accounted fo great an improver 
of Englilh verfification, profefledly formed his manner 
upon it. The harmony of,his lines, and the general ele¬ 
gance of his verfion, are, indeed, extraordinary for the 
period in which he wrote. The eafe and freedom of 
Fairfax are the more extraordinary, as he made a point of 
rendering the original line by line. We are told that he 
wrote a poetical hiftory of Edward the Black Prince, and 
fome eclogues. Of the firft nothing is known, as it never 
came before the public. The eclogues were tranfcribed 
by the author for the duke of Richmond, and feen and 
approved by feveral literary characters; but they have 
been loft to the public, except the fourth, which was 
printed in Mrs. Cooper’s Mufes’ Library, 1737. In profe, 
Fairfax compofed various pieces in controverfy with the 
Papifts, and alfo his Demonology, above-mentioned, all 
which remained in manufcript. His eldeft fon, William, 
tranflated Diogenes Laertius into Englifli. 
FAIR'FAX (lord Thomas), general of the parliament 
army in the civil war of Charles I. eldeft fon of Ferdi- 
n3ndo lord Fairfax, of Denton, in Yorldhire, where he 
was born, in 1611. He received an academical education 
at St. John’s-college, Cambridge; but his difpolition in¬ 
clining him rather to an aCtive than a ftudicus life, lie 
w ent to Holland, and ferved 3 S a volunteer in the Englifli 
troops under Horatio lord Vere, with whom he was at the 
taking of Bois-Ie-duc. On his return he married a daugh¬ 
ter of lord Vere’s, and fettled in the country. When the 
difeontents of the reign broke out, he took a decided part 
againft the royal party in church and ftate, in which lie 
followed the example of Ins father, and was alfo miti¬ 
gated by his wife, a zealous prefbyteriim. He prefented 
a popular petition to the king, on Hey worth-moor, in the 
prefence of a large body of people; and when actual hof- 
tilities commenced, he had a commiftion from the parlia¬ 
ment to ferve as general of liorfe under his father, who 
was appointed their commander in the north. His various 
exploits during that unfortunate war, we noticed under 
the article England, vol. vi. p. 675-6S0. At the eve 
of the reftoration he, like many others who had been en¬ 
gaged in the fame caufe, came forward to participate in 
the merit of that event, and it was chiefly through his 
influence that the Irifh brigade forfock Lambert and 
joined Monk’s army. He afterwards tock poiTeftion of 
the city of York, was made a member of the healing par¬ 
liament, and was at the head of the committee appointed 
to wait upon Charles II. at the Hague, and invite him to 
refume his kingly office. He readily made his peace, and 
again retired into the country ; where, after much (offer¬ 
ing from the gout and (tone, which he endured with great 
fortitude, lie died in 1671, in trie lixtieth year of his age. 
Lord Fairfax was of a manly afpeft, 'gloomy but gentle 
in his difpolition, fincere, open, difintereft.ed, more libe¬ 
ral in his (entiments than many of his party, a lover and 
patron of learning, but extremely confined in his talents, 
and unfit for taking a lead in any affairs but thofe of war. 
In his capture of the principal garrifons in the weft of 
England, lie conducted himfelf with honour and huma¬ 
nity. Me was particularly careful of the concerns of lite¬ 
rature on the furrender of Oxford, and diligently pre- 
ferved the Bodleian library from pillage ; fo that, accord¬ 
ing to profefTcrWarron, in his Hiftory of Englilh Poetry, 
it (offered much lefs than when that city was in polfeftion 
of the royalifts. 
FAIR'FAX, a county of the American Slates, in Vir¬ 
ginia, about twenty-five miles long, and eighteen broad. 
F A I 107 
fltuate on the weft bank of Pofowtnack river. It contains, 
by the cenfus of 1796, 12,320 inhabitants. Chief town, 
Alexandria. 
FAIR'FAX, a townfhip of the American States, in 
Franklin county, Vermont, eaft of (Georgia, and on the 
bank of La Moille river, about nine miles from lake 
Champlain. 
FAIR'FIELD, a town and plantation of the American 
States, in Lincoln county, diftrift of Maine, on the foutb- 
eaft hank of Kennebeck river, fouth of Canaan, and op- 
pofite Hancock ; feventeen miles from Pittftown, feven 
from Fort Halifax, and 223 north-eaftof Bofton. 
FAIR'FIELD, a new towitfhip of the American States, 
in Herkemer county, New-York. 
FAIR'FIELD, a townfhip of the American States, in 
Franklin county, Vermont, eaft of St. Alban’s; about 
thirteen miles fouth of the Canada line, and as far from 
the neareft part of lake Champlain. 
FAIR'FIELD, a townfhip of the American States, in 
Wnftiington county, New-York. 
FAIR'FIELD, a townfhip of the American States, in 
Cumberland county, Nevv-Jerfey, on Cohanzy creek, and 
at the head of Black creek; twenty-five miles fouth-by- 
eaft of Salem, in Salem county. 
FAIR'FIELD, a county of the American States, in 
Connecticut, the fouth-wefternmoft in the ftate ; bounded 
weft by the ftate of New-York, eaft by Newhaven county, 
north by Litchfield, and fouth by Long-I(land found. It 
is divided into thirteen town (haps, of which Fairfield and 
Danbury are the chief; and, by the cenfus of 1796, con¬ 
tains 36,250 inhabitants. It is feparated from Newhaven 
county, and part of Litchfield county, by Stratford river. 
The other parts of the country are watered by fmall 
ftreams, as Sagatuck, Safco, Peganook, Five Mile, Rodens, 
Mill, and Mayamus, rivers. Several harbours, and a num¬ 
ber of fmall ifles, lie along the found, in the towns of 
Greenwich, Stamford, Norwalk, Fairfield, and Stratford, 
Tire face of the country is rough, but the foil is good. 
FAIR'FIELD, the Unquowa of the Indians, a poft: 
tow'n and port of entry belonging to the American States, 
in Connecticut, and capital of the above county, pleafantly 
fituated on Mill-Run, a little above its entrance into Long- 
Ifiand found, twenty-two miles fouth-vveft-by-weft of New¬ 
haven, and fixty-four from New-York. It contains a neat 
congregational church, and a court-houfe. About four 
miles north-weft of the town, is the beautiful parifh of 
Greenfield, in which is a flomiflnng academy. A high 
eminence in the centre of the pari fh commands a’delight- 
ful profpeft. Fairfield was fettled from Weathersfield in 
1639, and in 1736 contained four hundred families. It 
was burnt by the Britifh, under the command of governor 
Tryon, in 1777; the lofs fuftained amounted to upwards 
of 40,000!. Fairfield carries on a confiderable trade to 
the Weft Indies. The exports for one year, ending Sep¬ 
tember 30, 1794, amounted to 77,425 dollars. 
FAIR'FIELD, a townfhip of the American States, in 
Wefinnoreland county, Pennfylvania. 
FAIR'FIELD, a county of the American States, m 
Camden diftrift, South Carolina, between Y^ateree river, 
which divides it from Lancafter county, and Broad river, 
which feparates it from Newbury and Union counties. It 
contains 61 38 white inhabitants, and 1485 (laves. Its chief 
town is Winiborougli. 
FAIR'FORD, a market town in Gloucefter(hire, fnu- 
ated on the ealtern part of the county, near the Cotfwold 
hills, on a dry gravelly foil ; the town and neighbourhood 
remarkably healthy. It has a weekly market on Thurf- 
days, which it obtained a grant for in 1672, as weli as of 
two fairs yearly, viz. on the 14th of May and 12th of 
November. It is diftant from London eighty-one miles, 
from Gloucefter twenty-two, on the great turnpike-road 
from London to Gloucefter, Hereford, &c. through Abing¬ 
don, Farringdon, and Cirencefter. It.has its name from 
an old ford over the Coin, a little above its influx into 
the Thames, on which it has two neat bridges. Medals 
