F A L C O, 
o 
the Tides; legs feathered to the toes. Twenty-two inches 
long ; feeds on the duck tribe, which it feizes from rocks 
as they rife dut of the water. Bill black ; two middle 
tail feathers black and cinereous, the reft pale, black 
■without and w hite within ; toes fhort. The white-rump- 
ed Bay falcon is a variety of this. Inhabits Hudfon’s- 
bay. 
ioi. Falco S. Joliannis, St. John’s falcon. Cere and 
feathered legs yellow ; body brown, above with black 
and dirty-white oblique lines, beneath with white and 
yellowifli fpots; tail barred, white at the tip. Twenty- 
one inches long ; toes fhort. Inhabits Hudfon’s-bay. 
103. Falco facer, the facre. Cere and legs blue ; back, 
bread:, and primary wing-coverts, fpotted with brown ; 
tail with kidney-fnaped fpots. Like the lanner, the feet 
and bill of the facer are blue ; while thofe of the falcons 
are yellow. This character, which appears fpecific, would 
incline us to conclude that the ficer is but a variety of 
the lanner; but they differ widely in their ftze and the 
colour of their plumage, and feem rather to betwodif- 
tinft though proximate kinds. It is fomewhat Angular 
that Belon-was the firft who noticed the diftinguifhing 
marks of this bird, and, without his aftiftance, naturalifts 
would be fcareely, if at all, acquainted with the facer and 
the lanner. Botli have become very rare, and it is pro¬ 
bable that their inftindis are the fame, and confj’quently 
that they are kindred tribes. It is a bird of intrepid 
courage, and comparable in ftrength to the pilgrim falcon ; 
it is alfo a pird of paffage, and it is rare to find a man who 
can boaft that he lias*ever feen the place where it breeds. 
Some falconers are of opinion that it is a native of Tartary 
and Rufiia, and towards the Cafpian fea ; that it migrates 
towards the fouth, where it lives part of the year; and 
that it is caught by the falconers who watch its paffage 
in the ifiands of the Archipelago, Rhodes, Cyprus, &c. 
It is two feet long, and weighs two pounds eight ounces. 
Its feet are feathered almoft to the toes. 
To the fame fpecies belongs a variety, the American 
facre or fpeckled partridge hawk. Its cere and feet are 
coerulean ; its body, and the wing and tail feathers, 
marked with dufky pale bars ; the head, breaft, and ab¬ 
domen, ftained with dufky white longitudinal fpots. It 
is a native of Hudfon’s-bay and other partsof North Ame¬ 
rica. It preys on the white grous, and will even feize 
them while the fowler is driving them into his nets. It 
breeds in April or May in unfrequented places ; and lays, 
it is faid, only two eggs. It is about the bulk of a crow. 
104. Falco Novae-terra?,’ the Newfoundland falcon. 
Cere and legs yellow ; body above brow n, beneath and 
hind-head ferruginous ; tail variegated with lighter and 
darker brown lines. Twenty inches long; legs half fea¬ 
thered. Inhabits Newfoundland. 
105. Falco ftellaris, the (harry falcon. Legs blue ; 
body blackifh with radiate fpots, beneath mixed whitte 
and black. Size of the peregrine; wings (hotter; tail 
longer; irids golden-yellow. Inhabits Europe. 
106. Falco hyemalis, the winter falcon. Cereyellow; 
head and back black-brown : neck ftreaked with white ; 
breaft and belly white with hearted fpots. Twenty inches 
long; male wing-coverts dufky, dirty-white at the edges, 
the outer ones orange ; tail with brown and black bars, 
white at the tip; bill black; feet long, (lender. In¬ 
habits New York during winter. Latham’s northern fal¬ 
con is a variety of this. 
107. Falco rhotnbeus, the rhombic falcon. Legs yel- 
lowifti ; body above grey, beneath brown with rhombic 
fpots; tail-feathers with eleven oblique black bars. Nine¬ 
teen inches long ; head and back of the neck black ; bill 
dulky. Inhabits India. 
108. Falco nigricollis, the black-necked falcon. Legs 
yellow ; body reddifh with black bars ; crown and r.eck 
ftreaked with black ; tail-feathers blackifh at the tips. 
Bill black; behind the eyes a black ridge. Inhabits 
Cayenne. 
109. Falco albicollis, the white-necked falcon. Legs 
Vol, VII. No. 418. 
1S9 
yellow ; head, neck, fore-part of the back, breaft and 
belly, white ; wings black with white fpots ; feathers be¬ 
tween the fhoulders with fquare black fpots. Twenty- 
two inches long ; quill-feathers fpotted beneath with 
white from the root to the middle. Inhabits Cayenne. 
110. Falco meridionalis, the red-headed falcon. Cere 
and chin yellow ; head and neck rufous with dark ftreaks ; 
belly wbitifh with narrow black bars ; four middle tail- 
feathers with one, the outer with fix, pale bars. Nineteen 
inches long. Inhabits Cayenne. This, and the three pre¬ 
ceding, are added by Dr. Turton, from Smellie’s edition 
of Buffon. 
111. Falco cirrhatus, the crefted Indian falcon. Cere 
and feathered legs yellow; creft hanging back; body 
above black, beneath ftreaked black and white. Size of 
the gos-hawk ; bill pale blue ; irids yellow ; neck tawny ; 
tail with tranfverfe black and cinereous bands ; claws 
black. Inhabits India. 
112. Falco melanoleucos, the pied falcon. Legs yel¬ 
low ; head, neck, back, fhoulders, and quill-feathers, 
black; reft of the body, wing-coverts, and tail, white. 
Sixteen inches long; bill, claws, and middle wing-coverts, 
blackifh : irids yellow ; orbits fpotted with white. In¬ 
habits Ceylon. 
113. Falco Ceylanenfis, the Ceylonefe netted falcon. 
Cere yellow ; body milk-white ; two feathers of the 
hind-bead hanging down. Bill dufky. Inhabits Ceylon. 
114. Falco grifeus, the grey falcon. Cere and legs 
yellow ; body above dufky-grey, beneath white with ob¬ 
long black fpots; tail-feathers long, the two middle ones 
uniform, the reft fpotted. Size of a crow ; bill bluifh ; 
irids red ; head before dufky brown, behind white, fides 
and chin buff; quill-feathers fpotted with white. Inhabits 
England. 
115. Falco gyrfalco, the brown gerfalcon. Cere blue; 
legs yellow ; body brown, with cinereous bands beneath; 
fides of the tail white. Legs fometimes bluifh ; billfirong, 
hooked, upper mandible fharply angular at the edges; 
head ftreaked longitudinally with dufky ; neck and belly 
white. Inhabits Europe; preys on herons, cranes, and 
pigeons. 
116. Falco candicans, the white gerfalcon. This bird, 
after the eagle, is efteemed the mull generous of all the 
rapacious tribes. The bill is bluifh, and greatly hooked ; 
the eye dark blue ; the throat of a pure white ; the 
■w hole body, wings, and tail, of the fame colour, elegantly 
marked with dufky bars, lines, or fpots, leaving the white 
the far prevailing colour. In fome, the whole tail is 
crofted by remote bars of black or brow n ; m others, they 
appear only very faintly on the middle feathers'; the fea¬ 
thers of the thighs are very long and unfpotted ; the legs 
firong and of a light blue. This fpecies is very frequent 
in Iceland ; is found in Lapmarkand Norway ; but rarely 
in the Orkneys and North Britain. In Alia, it dwells in 
the higheft points of the Urallian and other Siberian 
mountains, and dares the coldeft climates throughout the 
year. It is kepi, in the latitude of Petei (burgh, uninjured 
in the open air during the fevered winters. This fpecies 
is pre-eminent in courage as well as beauty, and is the 
terror of other hawks. It was flown at all kinds of fowl ; 
but its chief game ufed to be herons and cranes. To 
this belongs a variety, which is the Iceland gerfalcon, in 
which the body is dufky, with white fpots on the back 
and wings, below white fpotted with black ; feet yellow. 
117. Falco fuftiator, the Surinam falcon. Cere and 
legs yellow ; body whitilh-brown ; eyelids bony. Plu¬ 
mage above white at the bafe ; beneath and tail-feathers 
yellow fpotted with white and brown; noftrils with a 
flefhy lobe between them ; when irritated or frighted in¬ 
flates its head to the fize of the body. Inhabits Surinam 
and Cayenne. 
118. Falco cachinnans, the laughing falcon. Cere and 
legs yellow ; eyebrows white ; body varied brown and 
whitilh ; crown white with a black ring. Back, wings, 
and rump brown; neck, chin, breaft, belly, and under 
3 C parts 
