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Stirling; chiefly fupported by the markets of cattle which 
are brought here from the northern parts of Scotland for 
fale, of which 15,000 have been fold fometimes at one 
market, or tryft as they call it there. In the year 1298, 
a battle was fought here between the Englifli and the 
Scots, in which the latter were defeated with the lofs of 
about 12,000 men, while the lofs of the Englifli amounted 
fcarcely to one hundred. In the year 1 746, prince Charles, 
with his forces, defeated the royal army, under general 
Hawley, near this town, and compelled them to retire to 
Edinburgh : twenty miles weft of Edinburgh, and eight 
fouth-eaft of Stirling. 
FALK'LAND, a town of Scotland, in the county of 
Fife, formerly the refidetice of the kings of Scotland; the 
palace is now in ruins : twelve miles fouth-eaft of Perth, 
and eighteen north-eaft of Edinburgh. 
I'ALK'LAND ISLANDS, in the Southern Atlantic 
Ocean, fubjedt to Spain. Thefe iflands were probably 
feenby Magellan, Sharp, and Drake ; nevertheless Davies 
isfuppofed to have been the firft that difcovered them, 
in the year 1592. In 1594, they were vifited by fir Richard 
Hawkins, who faw fome fires, and fuppofed them to have 
been inhabited. They were called by him Hawkins's Mai¬ 
den Land. The name of Falkland is faid to have been given 
by captain Strong, in 1639. Roggewin, who palled by 
the euft coaft in 1721, called them South Belgia\ they have 
likewife been called New IJlands of St. Louis, and Mallouines, 
but the name of Falkland has generally prevailed. They 
eonfift of two large iflands, with a great number of fmaller 
furrounding them, and are fituated to the eaftward of the 
Straits of Magellan. In 1764, commodore Byron was 
difpatched by the Britifti court to take polled! on of thefe 
iflands, and fettle a colony at a place called Port Egmont. 
They were at firft reprefented as a valuable acquifition, 
but ceded to Spain in 1774. See the article England, 
vol. vi. p. 743. Indeed thefe iflands do not feem likely 
to have been of any advantage to Great Britain, as we 
learn from the obfervations of captain Macbride, who 
fays, “ VVe found a mafs of iflands and broken lands, of 
which the foil was nothing but a bog, with no better 
profpeft than that of barren mountains, beaten by (forms 
almoft perpetual. Yet this is fummer ; and if the winds 
of winter hold their natural proportion, thofewho lie but 
two cables’ length from the ftiore, mult paf's weeks with¬ 
out having any communication with it. Belides the names 
above-mentioned, they have alfo been called Pspys IJlands, 
and Sebald de Wert’s Iflands. Lat. 51.6. to 52. 30. S. Ion. 
56. 30. to 62. 16. W. Greenwich. 
FALK'LAND’s SOUND, a ftrait, or bay, which fepa- 
rates the two largeft of the Falkland Iflands. 
FAL'KOPING, a town of Sweden, in the province of 
Weft Gothland. In 1338, a battle was fought here be¬ 
tween Albert king of Sweden, and Margaret queen of 
Denmark and Norway, when the former was defeated, 
and, with his foil, taken and (hut tip prifoners in a ftrong 
caftle : fifty-fix miles eaft of Uddevalla. 
To FALL, v.n. pret. I fell-, compound pret. I have 
fallen or fain: [peallan, Sax. fallen. Germ.] To drop 
from a higher place.—Thou (halt make a battlement for 
thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thine houfe, if 
any man fall from thence. Deut. 
I fhall fall 
Like a bright exhalation in the evening, 
And no man fee me more. Shahefpeare. 
To drop from an ereft to a prone pofture.—Saul fell all 
along on the earth. iSam. xxviii. 20.—To drop; to be 
held or adhere no longer.—His chains fell. olf from his 
hands. Alls, xii. 7.—To move down any defcent.—All 
liquid bodies are diffufive ; for their parts being in mo¬ 
tion, have no connexion one with another, but glide and 
fall off any way, as gravity and the air prefleth them. 
Burnet. —To drop ripe from the tree.—As the leaf falleth 
off from the vine, and as a falling fig from the fig-tree. 
Ifa. xxxiv. 4.—To pafs at the outlet : as a river.—Ctefar 
Vol. VII. No. 419. 
therefore gave orders to build his gallies on the Loir, and 
the rivers that fall into it. Arbuthnot. —To be determined 
to fome particular direftion.—Birds and fowls that reft 
one foot to eafe the other, naturally lay their heads under 
their wings, that the centre of gravity may fall upon the 
foot they (land on. Chcyne. —To apoftatife ; to depart 
from faith or goodnefs.—Labour to enter into that reft, 
left any man fall after the fame example of unbelief. 
Heb. iv. 11. 
They brought fcandal 
To Ifrael, diffidence of God, and doubt 
In feeble hearts, propenfe enough before 
To w'aver or fall off, and join withddols. Milton. 
To die by violence.—A thoufand ftmll fallal thy fide, 
and ten thoufand at thy right hand ; but it fhall not come 
nigh thee. Pfal. xci. 7.—Ye fhall chafe your enemies, 
and they fhall fall before you by thefword. Lev. xxvi, 7. 
They not obeying, 
Incurr’d, what could they lefs ? the penalty ; 
And manifold in fin, deferv’d to fall. Milton. 
To come to a hidden end : 
He firft the fate of Crefar did foretell, 
And pity’d Rome wdien Rome in Crefar fell ; 
In iron clouds conceal’d the public light, 
And impious mortals fear’d eternal night. Dry den. 
4 "o be degraded from an high ftation ; to fink into mean*, 
nefs ordifgrace; to be plunged into hidden mifery : 
What can be their bufinefs 
With a poor weak woman fall’n from favour 1 Shakcfpcare. 
To decline from power or empire ; to be overthrown : 
What men could do, 
Is done already : heaven and earth will witnefs, 
If Rome muft fall, that we are innocent. Addifon. 
To enter into any ftate worfe than the former.—Some 
painters, taking precepts in too literal afenfe, have fallen 
thereby into great inconveniences. Dryden .—To come into 
any ftate of weaknefs, terror, or mifery.—The beft men 
fall under the fevereft preffures. Wake. —To decreafe ; to 
be diminiflied, as in weight.—From the pound weight, as 
Pliny tells 11s, the as fell to two ounces in the fiift Punic 
war; when Hannibal invaded Italy, to one ounce ; then, 
by the Papirian law, to half an ounce. Arbuthnot. —To 
ebb; to grow (hallow ; as, the river falls. To decreafe 
in value ; to bear lefs price.—When the price of corn fall¬ 
eth, men generally break no more ground than will fupply 
their own turn. Carew. —To fink ; not to amount to the 
full.—The great nefs of an eftute, in bulk and territory, 
doth fall under meafure; and the greatnefs of finances 
and revenue doth full under computation. Bacon. —To be 
rejected ; to become null.—This book muft (land or fall 
with thee ; not by any opinion I have of it, but thy own. 
Locke. —To decline from violence to calmnefs; from in- 
tenlenefs to remiffion : 
At length her fury fell, her foaming ceas’d ; 
And ebbing in her foul, the god decreas’d. Dryden. 
To enter into any new ftate of the body or mind.—When 
about twenty, upon the falfenefs of a lover, (lie fell di- 
ftrafted. Temple .—He died calmly, and with all the eafi- 
nefs ofa man falling afleep. Atterbury .— I fell in leve with 
the character of Pomponius Atticus ; I longed to imitate 
him. Blount to Pope. 
In fweet mtific is fuch art. 
Killing care and grief of heart, 
Fall afleep, or hearing die. Shakefpeare. 
To fink into an air of difeontent or dejeftion of the look. 
—If thoti perfuade thyfelf that they fhall not be taken, 
let not thy countenance fall. Judith, vi. 9. 
I have obferv’d of late thy looks are fallen , 
O’ercaft with gloomy cares and dilcontent. Addijon. 
3 F To 
