FARRIERY. 257 
given every ten or twelve days, till tlie offending caufe is 
removed. Let tlie horfe have a bride exercife between 
the intervals, and be kept on a fpare but nourifhing diet, 
fitch as malt inafhes occafionally. 
OF EXTERNAL MALADIES. 
Cleanlincfs is one of the firft confiderations in the treat¬ 
ment of all external wounds, which directs that all dirt, 
filth, or other extraneous matter, fhould be carefully re¬ 
moved. If the wound be made with a cutting inftru- 
ment, and not complicated with bruifes or laceration, the 
divided parts are to be clofely fewed together. .Secure 
bandages are alfo of great importance, and fhould be fo 
applied as to keep the divided parts clofe together, that 
the wound may be healed by the firft intention, as bur¬ 
geons term it. To in (truth every owner of a horfe how 
to apply a proper bandage, the Farriery Plate XII. is 
given. But where w ounds are accompanied with violent 
bruifes, attended with fwellingand inflammation, fomen¬ 
tations and warm digeftives become neceffarv, in order to 
promote the formation of matter in the wound. Mode¬ 
rate bleeding near the affetted part, and laxative medi¬ 
cines, are then of nfe ; and a poultice, if the lituation of 
the part be fuch as to admit of its application, will be 
found beneficial. As foon as the fwelling and inflamma¬ 
tion fliall have been removed, the fomentations and poul¬ 
tice are no longer necefl'ary, and digeftive ointment only 
need be applied : fhould the wound appear not uifpofed 
to heal, difeharging a thin ofl'enfive matter, apply a de¬ 
tergent lotion previous to the digeftive ointment. When 
the granulations become too luxuriant, that is, w hen what 
is commonly termed proud flelh makes its appearance, 
cauftic powder fhould be fprinkled on the wound. 
Whenever a conliderable blood-veflel is wounded, and 
the hemorrhage is likely to prove troublefome, the firft 
object fhould be to flop the bleeding ; which, if the 
wound be in a lituation that will admit of the application 
of a fecure bandage, may eafily be effected ; for preffure 
immediately applied is generally the beft remedy on thefe 
oecafions, and far more effectual than the moll celebrated 
ftyptics. 
PunElured wounds, or fuch as are made with {harp-pointed 
inftruments, are generally productive of greater inflamma¬ 
tion than thole that have at firft a more formidable ap¬ 
pearance; and if fuch wounds happen to penetrate into a 
joint, or the cavity of the cheft or belly, very dangerous 
confequences are to be apprehended, unlefs it be Ikilfully 
treated. 
When a joint has been badly wounded, the fynovia, or 
glutinous fluid fecreted from the glands in the joints, 
vulgarly called joint-oil, may be obferved to flow from the 
wound. The firft thing to be done is to clofe the opening 
or wound made in the joint ; for as long as it remains 
open the inflammation will goon increafing, and the pain 
will be fo violent as to produce a fymptomatic fever, 
which has often proved fatal. The moll effectual me¬ 
thod of doling the wound is by applying the a dual cau¬ 
tery ; this will appear probably a very flrange remedy to 
thofe who have not feen its effeCt, yet it is certainly the 
molt efficacious that can be employed, although only ap¬ 
plicable where the wound is of the punCtured kind, and 
fmall ; for w hen a large wound is made into the cavity of 
a joint, and particularly if it be of the lacerated kind, it 
is impoffible to clofe it effectually, and death is commonly 
the confequence. As foon as the opening has been doled, 
it is of importance to guard againft the inflammation that 
may be expedited to arife,,or to remove it if already pre- 
fent. For this, bleeding and purging are the moft effec¬ 
tual remedies. A rowel in any convenient part near the 
affedted joint will alfo be found uleful. 
Bruises. —In recent bruifes, fomentations are the moft 
effential remedies. When they are violent, a conlidera¬ 
ble degree of inflammation may be expected to fupervene ; 
it will then be proper to give a laxative ball, and to bleed 
Vop. VII. No. 424. 
moderately near the affeCted part. If an abfeefs forms 
in confequence of a bruife, and difeharges large quantities 
of matter, particularly if the matter be of a bad colour 
and an ofl'enfive fmell, indicating the approach of mortiff- 
cation, the horfe’s ftrength mult be fupported by allow¬ 
ing him plenty of dean corn ; and if he can be made to 
eat ma’t, it will be found flill more effectual. If the ap¬ 
petite goes oft’, he mult be drenched with water-gruel, and 
ftrong infufton of malt ; it will be necelfary alfo to give 
the cordial ball for mortification, once or twice a-day. 
Stimulating-applications to the part, fuch asequal parts of 
camphorated fpirit, and oil of turpentine, are of great life. 
Should a hard callous (welling remain in confequence of 
a bruife, the following embrocation is to be well rubbed 
into the part twice a-day ; and it it does not fucceed in 
removing it, recourfe muft be had to a bliftcr. Take 
camphor, half an ounce; oil of turpentine, one ounce ; 
foap liniment, an ounce and a half, and mix for tile.—Or, 
take muriat of ammonia, one ounce ; diftilled vinegar, 
eight ounces; fpirit of wine, fix ounces ; which forms a 
ftronger embrocation. 
Broken- Knees.—T he method of treating fuch an ac¬ 
cident is often of importance, becaufe it may and does 
happen to horfes of great value. The firft thing to be 
done is to wafh out the wound perfectly clean, and it it 
be at all deep or extenfive, a goulard poultice fhould be 
applied ; taking care to renew it twice a-day, that it may 
he conltantly foft and moilt. This, in two or three days, 
will give the wound a healing appearance ; and then di¬ 
geftive ointment fhould be applied. Should the matter 
affume an ill appearance, lofing its white colour, becom¬ 
ing thin, and fmelling offenlively, a ftronger application 
will be requifite, fuch as the detergent lotion, made hot; 
and if, after this, the new flefh grows too luxuriantly, 
riling above tlie (kin, apply the caultic powder, and a con- 
fiderable degree of preffure, by means of the bandage ex¬ 
hibited over the horfe’s knee in the Farriery Plate XII. 
prefling down a bolder of lint. By this treatment the 
wound will foon heal. But this is not all: for unlefs 
the fwelling is completely removed, and the hair regene¬ 
rated of its original colour and fmoothnefs, the horfe 
would be conftdered of very little value. As foon, there¬ 
fore, as the wound is completely healed, if any fwelling 
is difcernable, apply the following liniment, lo as to ex¬ 
cite a moderate degree of vefication, or blillering, and 
repeat it after this effeCt has perfectly fubfided : Take 
powdered cantharides, two drams ; camphor, half an 
ounce; fpirit of wine, four ounces ; mix them in a bottle, 
and let it ftand in a warm place about a week or ten days, 
fliaking it frequently j then drain through blotting paper, 
and it is fit for ufe. 
It generally happens, after the wound is perfeCfly heal¬ 
ed, that a fmall fear or mark will be obfervable ; and 
though the part may be free from any hardnefs or fwel¬ 
ling, yet the value of the horfe will be greatly lellened 
by this appearance. A variety of ointments have been 
recommended for promoting the growth of hair on the 
part, and thereby removing the blemifh : the following 
is perhaps one of the moft effectual : ointment of wax, 
two ounces; camphor, two drams ; oil of rolemary, one 
dram. The colour of this ointment fhould be iuited to 
that of the contiguous hair, which will even at firft fo 
conceal the blemifh, that it will not be obferved, unlefs 
the part be very ftnCtly examined ; and at the fame time, 
the ointment will caufe the hair to grow up gradually, 
until the mark is completely removed. If the horfe is of 
a bay colour, the legs and knees are generally blackilh ; 
in that cafe mix a little ivory black with the ointment ; 
if a chelnut colour, Armenian bole, See. 
Fistula in the Withers. —This moft dangerous of 
wounds generally originates in a bruife from tlie laddie, 
and is at firft (imply an abfeefs, which by early attention 
and proper treatment may be ealily cured ; but when neg- 
3 U leCfetl, 
