258 
FARRIERY. 
le£ted, it degenerates into a fidulous fore, proves ex¬ 
tremely difficult of care, and cannot be removed without 
very fevere treatment. As foon as the injury is difcover- 
ed, fomentations diould be applied, in order to promote 
fiippuration ; and when matter is formed, let the tumour 
be opened, fo that its contents may be completely eva¬ 
cuated, and a further accumulation prevented ; the fore 
may then be healed by dreffing it daily with digedive lini¬ 
ment or ointment; but ffiould thefe prove ineffetftual, 
apply the detergent lotion until the fore alfumes a healthy 
appearance, and the matter becomes whiter and of a thicker 
confidence. 
When the difeafe has been neglefted in its fird dage, 
and the matter differed to penetrate among the riiufcles, 
affecting the ligaments and bones of the withers, it be¬ 
comes nccejfary to adopt a more ferious treatment. The 
finufes or pipes are to be laid open with a knife, and if it 
is pradticable, a depending opening dtould be made, that 
the matter may run off freely ; the fore is then to be dref- 
fed with the following ointment, which is to be melted 
and poured into the cavity while hot, and feciired by a 
proper bandage. The fore mud not be dreffed until the 
doughs which this ointment occafions have feparated from 
the living parts ; which will generally happen in two or 
three days after the operation. If the furface of the fore 
then looks red and healthy, and the matter appears to be 
whiter and of a better confidence, a repetition of this 
painful operation will not be required ; the digedive lini¬ 
ment or ointment will in fuch cafe generally be fufncient 
to complete the cure ; but diould the fore dill retain an 
unhealthy appearance, and the matter continue thin and 
of a bad coltJur, the hot dreffing mud again be applied. 
For the ointment, take ointment of nitrated quickfil ver, 
four ounces ; oil of turpentine, one ounce ; and mix.— 
Or, verdegris, half an ounce ; oil of turpentine, one 
ounce; ointment of yellow redn, four ounces: one or 
other of which will generally be found effectual. 
Poll Evil. —This malady alfo ufnally originates in 
a bruife, and requires nearly the fame treatment as the 
fidula. It confids at fird in an abfcefs in the poll, which 
by early attention might be eafily cured ; but if the 
matter is differed to penetrate to the ligaments and bones, 
it frequently proves more difficult of cure than the fidula 
in the withers, and cannot be fubdued without tliofe drong 
remedies recommended in that difeafe. The bandages 
fo highly requidte to fecure the compreffes in this ma¬ 
lady and the preceding, are exhibited in the Engraving. 
Saddle Gai.ls or Warbles. —Thefe at fird condd 
only cf inflamed tumours, and are produced by the unequal 
predure of the faddle^; but if neglefted they become 
troublefome fores, and ire often a confiderable time in 
healing. As foon as a fvyelling'of this kind is obferved, 
let one of the bandages be laid over feveral folds of foft 
linen, moidened with one of the following embrocations, 
and kept condantly applied to the tumour until it is re¬ 
duced ; but if matter has been allowed to form, it mud 
be opened with the lancet, and afterwards dreded with 
digedive liniment or ointment. Should it not heal readily 
under this treatment, apply the detergent lotion made 
hot. When fwellings of this kind are large and much 
inflamed, it will be advifeable to bring them to fuppura¬ 
tion as expeditioufly as poflible, by means of fomenta¬ 
tions. or poultices. For the embrocation, take water of 
acerated litharge, two drams; diddled vinegar, three 
■ounces; fpirit of wine, four ounces. —Or, muriut of am¬ 
monia, half an ounce ; muriatic acid, two drams ; water, 
from eight to twelve ounces ; and mix for nfe. 
Sitfast. —This is a protuberance occasioned by re¬ 
peated bruifes from the fuddle, which indead of inflaming 
the {kin, as mod commonly happens, caufes it to become 
callous, and gives it fomewhat the appearance of leather. 
The following ointment is to be applied, until the callous 
part appears difpofed to feparate, it is then to be removed, 
which generally requires fome force, and the fore which 
remains may be healed with digedive ointment or lini¬ 
ment. Take ointment of althea, four ounces; camphor, 
two drams ; oil of origanum, one dram ; and mix for ufe. 
Of STRAINS. 
Thefe are accidents often o.f a very ferious nature, and 
to which all kinds of horfes are perpetually expofed ; 
and the accident may fall either on themufcles, ligaments, 
or tendons. Strains of the mufcles, condd in an inflam¬ 
mation of the flefliy fibres, occafioned by violent and bid¬ 
den exertion. When ligaments' are the feat of this ma¬ 
lady, there is generally fome part of them ruptured, 
whereby very obdinate and fometimes incurable latnenefs 
is produced ; in this cafe alfo inflammation is the fyntp- 
tom which fird requires attention. The tendons, how¬ 
ever, are the parts mod frequently injured, particularly 
the flexors of the fore leg, cr back finews, as they are com¬ 
monly termed. Thefe drains are fuppofed to condd in a 
relaxation or preternatural extendon of the tendon ; and 
the remedies that have been long recommended are fup¬ 
pofed to brace them up again. However plaufible this 
opinion may appear, it is certainly very erroneous ; in¬ 
deed it has been proved by experiment, that tendons are 
neither clafic, nor capable of extenfen and from an anatomi¬ 
cal inveftigation of their drufture and economy, we learn, 
that were they poffeffed of thefe qualities, they could not 
anfwer the purpofe for which they were dedgned. From 
an idea that a drain in the back finews depends on a re¬ 
laxation of the tendons, many praititionerS have been ap- 
prehendve of danger from the ufe of emollient or relaxing 
applications, than which nothing can be more ufeful in 
the early dage of the accident. 
Strains of the tendons condd in an inflammation of the 
membranes in which they are enveloped, and the fwelling 
which takes place in thefe cafes depends on an effulion of 
coagulable lymph from the veffels of the inflamed part. 
Inflammation being the effence of a drain, we ought to 
employ fuch remedies as are calculated to fubdue it ; and 
diould any fwelling remain, it is to be removed by ftimu- 
lating the abforbent vedels to an increafed aftion. 
The cure of flight drains, in any part, comparatively 
fpeaking, is extremely Ample and eafy, if attended to 
immediately after the accident has happened ; in which 
cafe, we may with fafety make ufe of adringents; they 
anfwer the purpofe well, by producing a revulfion of the 
duids, and preventing the irritation which generally 
takes place a few days after the accident ; accordingly, 
the afledted parts diould be well fomented three times a- 
day, with a mixture of vinegar and water, equal quanti¬ 
ties of each, made very warm, with the addition of a 
little fait, fpirit of wind, or brandy. Or, take foap, 
united with rectified fpirit of wine and camphor, and efi- 
fential oils. This makes an agreeable application for 
fuperficial drains or bruifes. Or, take oil of camomile 
and brandy, of each four ounces, water of ammonia 
pura, half an ounce; diake them together. This’ alfo 
forms, an admirable application for recent drains or 
bruifes, if indantly applied. It will be always very pro¬ 
per to make the bandages fecure and tight, until the in¬ 
jured parts naturally return to their health and drength. 
Thefe adringent remedies might not always lie within 
the reach of the common farmer or hutbandman, and 
therefore drengthening fomentations, and warm poultices 
of bran and water, may be applied, perhaps with equal 
fuccefs, in almod all drains or contudons, and ought in 
all cafes to be tried fird; for it mud not be difguifed, 
that the above expendve adringent medicines poffel's little 
or no advantage over Ample .applications, and are, there¬ 
fore, feldom uled by the profellion, unlefs in gentlemen’s 
(tables, where great expence is often midaken for a fea¬ 
ture of fuperior ability. 
Strain of the Shoulder..— This accident is by no 
means 
