FAR 
city, anti lias more ferum than ufual, we may conclude 
that the fyftem is in a ftate of debility, and confequently 
that bleeding is highly improper. 
It is certainly a bad practice to bleed horfes frequently 
when there is no urgent occalion; becaufe they tliereby 
acquire a plethoric habit, and- unlefs the operation be 
regularly performed, troublefome difeafes will probably 
enfue. Ilorfes of a full habit, that are confequently 
liable to inflammatory complaints, will receive moll be¬ 
nefit from proper exercife and good grooming. When 
bleeding is reforted to for the cure of inflammatory dif¬ 
eafes, a large orifice Ihoii 1 d be made in the vein, and the 
blood drawn in a large flream, which will diminiih the 
af!ion of the heart and arteries much more fpeedily than 
if drawn from a fmall orifice. In mod cafes of external 
inflammation, topical bleeding is eminently ufeful, which 
is done by opening fome vein contiguous to the afieCted 
part, or by Icaiifying the inflamed furface. 
Exercife is allowed to be the fir it promoter of health 
and vigour both in horfe and man. See the article Ex¬ 
ercise, p. 117, of this volume. It is often pollible to 
improve horfes in their external figure, wind, and fpecd, 
by regular and conftant exercife, fo much as to render 
them of double or treble the value, to that in which they 
are found in a ftate of nature. Undoubtedly the length 
and freedom of breathing is one of the molt eflential qua¬ 
lifications in a horfe intended for hunting or the turf; and 
' indeed for all purpofes where fpeed is requifite : the prin¬ 
cipal attainment of which, after the open conformation of 
tile chert, is to be acquired by practical exercife. When 
a horfe is intended for common riding, his exercife might 
be gentle and moderate ; but if he be intended for racing 
or hunting, he inuft be gradually accuftomed to thole 
exertions of velocity and aCtion on which his value will 
depend ; and for which purpofe his wind aud lirength 
mu ft be improved by daily practice, and invigorating al¬ 
terative medicines. 
In giving fpring and autumnal phyfic to horfes, great 
care and attention are necefl'ary, tince their bowels are 
particularly irritable, and liable to inflammation. It is 
therefore advifeable to prepare a horfe for phyfic, in all 
c.ifesj by giving him bran marties for a day or two ; which 
will gently relax the bowels, and remove any indurated 
faeces that may be lodged in them ; it will alfo tend to 
facilitate the operation of tlie medicine. The morning 
is ever the heft time for adminiftering phyfic, the horfe 
having previoufly failed two or three hours. If he is 
dil’pofed to drink titter taking a ball, give a moderate 
quantity of warm water, which will promote its folution 
in the Itomach, and expedite the operation : during the 
day the horfe fhouid be kept in the liable, 1 and feci with 
bran mafiies and a moderate quantity of hay ; he may be 
allowed alfo to drink plentifully of warm water; and if 
he refufes it in this, (fate, let it be offered nearly cold. 
The next morning he fhouid be exercifed ; and at this 
time the medicine will generally begin to operate. Should 
the purging appear to be fuflicient, he need not be taken 
out a fecond time; but when the defired effect does not 
readily take place, trotting exercife will tend to promote 
it ; during tlie fecond day alfo he fhouid be f li pplied 
with bran mafiies and warm water: warm clothing, more 
particularly when out of the (table, mult not be omitted; 
the third day the purging will generally have ceafed, and 
then a moderate return to corn feeding may be allowed. 
For an opening medicine, take Barbadoes aloes, five 
drams ; prepared natron, two drams ; aromatic powder, 
one drain ; oil of carraways, ten drops ; with fyrup to form 
tlie ball for one dole.—Should the horfe be found to re¬ 
quire a ftronger medicine, add more aloes, or one dram of 
calomel, to the ball. 
Diuretic medicines are frequently requifite to ftimulate 
the kidneys, and increafe the fecretion of urine. For this 
purpofe take Caftile loap, four ounces; powdered rofin 
and nitre, of each, two ounces oil of juniper, half an 
ounce; with linfeed powder and fyrup to give it a proper 
FAR 263 
confluence, and to be divided into fix ballsfor ftrong, or 
eight for weak or delicate horfes. 
Alteratives are medicines which purify and ftimulate the 
circulation, ftrengthen the mufculnr fibre, and invigorate 
the nerves; yet they produce their effefts almoft infenfi- 
bly ; the following are deemed particularly fafe and effi¬ 
cacious: For an alterative powder, take levigated anti¬ 
mony, fix ounces; flowers of fulphur, eight ounces; and 
mix for eight dofes.—Or, powdered rofin, four ounces; 
nitre, three ounces; tartarized antimony, one ounce; and 
mix for eight dofes.—Or, unwafned calx of antimony, 
two ounces; calomel, two drams; powdered anife-feeds, 
four ounces ; and mix for eight dofes. Should a ball be 
thought more convenient than a powder, the change may 
be made by the addition of fyrup and linfeed fuflicient to 
mould the mafs into balls. A dole of the alterative 
powder might be given every evening with the corn, un¬ 
til the eight doles are tiled. 
Laxatives are medicines which operate very mildly, and 
produce fo gentle a flimulus upon the inteftine, as merely 
to batten the expul (ion of their prefent contents, without 
increasing their fecretions. Caflor oil feems to be the 
belt medicine of this kind, though the oil of olives and. 
linfeed will produce nearly the fame effeiSt; the dofe of 
the former is about a pint, but the latter may be given to 
a pint and half. When a laxative ball is required, take 
fu'ccotrine aloes, half an ounce, Caftile foap, three drams, 
with fyrup enough to form the ball for one dofe. 
In this article vve have endeavoured, in as concife a 
manner as pollible, to ftate the mod eflential and intereft- 
ing parts of Modern Farriery. And though we can¬ 
not fpeak very highly of the literary merit of Sainbel, 
we neverthelefs confider the writings of his fucceifor, 
profeflbr Coleman, as full of intereft and information. 
But for a pocket vade mecum of the Veterinary Art, 
nothing at prelent feems fuperior to the Compendium of 
Mr. James White, veterinary furgeon to his majefty’s 
fir ft or royal dragoons.—For the natural hiftory of the 
horfe, and the countries where he is fuppofed to be indi¬ 
genous, fee the article Equus, vol. vi. p. 886; and for 
breeding, breaking, and managing for hunting, racing, 
&c. fee the article Horse. 
FAR'RINGDON, a handfome town in Berkfhire, 
pleafantly fituated on the weit fide of Farringdon-hill, on 
the great road .from Gloucefter to London. It is ten 
miles fouth-eaft from Wantage, fourteen eaft from Abing¬ 
don, feventeen north-ealt from Oxford, and feventy from 
London. It has a good weekly market on Tuefdays. 
Fairs, February 13, and Whit-Tuefday, for pedlary ; and 
October 29, for hiring, fervants. Here" are the ruins of a 
caftle, built by Robert earl of Gloucefter, in king Ste¬ 
phen's reign : here whs alfo a priory of Ciftercian monks. 
The church is large and handfome; and the eaft end of 
it is remarkable for its antiquity ; tire windows are of the 
fame ftyle of architecture as thofe of the Temple church 
in London. In it are feveral fine ancient and modern 
monuments; and, on the fouth fide, that of the founder. 
In 1771, as fome labourers were digging Hones in a field 
adjoining to the town, they difeovered fix human lkele- 
tons, lying three in a row. Under the heads of two of 
them were found fome pieces of (liver coin of James I. 
and Charles 1 . and one of the fkiills had evidently re¬ 
ceived a bullet quite through it. By tIre folidity of the 
bones and the foundnefs of the teeth, they were conjec¬ 
tured to have been foldiers, flain in the troublefome reign 
of Charles I. This town is governed by a bailiff, &c. 
FAR'ROEBUCK, f. A roebuck of the fifth year. Scott. 
FAR'ROW, /. [peajth, Sax.] A litter of pigs: 
Pour in fow’s blood that hath eaten 
Her nine farrow. Shakefpeare. 
To FAR'ROW, v. a. To bring pigs. It is ufed onlv 
of fwine.—The fwine, although multiparous, yet being 
bifulcous, and only cloven-hoofed, is farrowed with open 
eyes, as other bifulcous animals. Brown. 
Ev’n 
