3‘28 F E R 
feventy miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Truxillo. Lat. 9. o. S. 
Ion. 60. 40. W. Ferro. 
FEROLI'TO, a town of Italy in the kingdom of Na¬ 
ples, and province of Bafilicata : eighteen miles fouth of 
Matera. 
FERO'NIA, a goddefs of the Romans, who prelided 
over the woods and groves. The name is derived a fe- 
rendoy becaufe fhe gave afliftance to her votaries, or per¬ 
haps from the town Feronia, near mount SoraCte, where 
fhe had a temple. It was ufual to make a yearly facrifice 
to her, and to wafh the face and hands in the waters of. 
the facred fountain, which flowed near her temple. It 
is faid that thofe who were filled with the Spirit of this 
goddefs, could walk, barefooted over burning coals with¬ 
out receiving any injury from the flames. 1 he goddefs 
had a temple and grove about three miles from Anxur, 
and alfo another in the dittridt of Capena. Virgil. 
FERO'NIA, anciently a city of Etruria, at the foot of 
mount Sorafte, near the Tiber; where was a temple fa¬ 
cred to Apollo ; and the priefts were Ailed Hirpi. The 
temple is faid to have been founded on account of a pefti- 
iential vapour, which arofe front a deep and dreary cavern, 
to which fonie fltepherds were conducted by a wolf. 
FERO'NIA, f. [fo named in honour of Feronia, god¬ 
defs of the woods.] The Elephant or Wood-apple 
Tree ; the balong of the native Portuguefe, ydlanga of the 
Telingas, vellangay of the Tamuls. Characters: Trunk 
ereCt, grows to a pretty large tree; bark deeply cracked 
and fplit in various directions, dark dirty colour. Branches 
few, irregular, forming a fcanty ill-looking top ; thorns 
ereCt, very ftrong and lharp. Flowers tinged with red, 
hermaphrodite and male mixed. Berry globular, about 
the fize of a large apple, covered with a hard, grey, fca- 
brous, woody, fhell, one-celled; receptacles five, longi¬ 
tudinal, wedge-form, with their (harp edges projecting 
inwards, which gives a ftellated appearance to a tranfverfe 
fefition of the fruit. Seeds many. In the hermaphrodite 
flowers the piflil is fmall and fterile. Correa in ACt. Soc. 
Linn. v. 224. 
Feronia elephanta, a (ingle fpecies. It grows wild in 
mod woods and mountainous parts of India ; flowers dur¬ 
ing the cold and hot feafons ; fruit ripe during the hot 
and rainy feafons. From wounds made in the bark of 
this tree’exudes a mod beautiful tranfparent gum, which 
Mr. Smart the miniature-painter affirmed to exceed every 
thing he had ever feen for mixing with his colours. The 
wood is white, hard, and durable; but, when expofed to 
the fun, it foon fplits. The fruit is univerfally eaten on 
the Coromandel coad : by the fruit is meant the pulpy 
part in which the feeds lie immerfed. 
This genus and that of Egle were fird indituted by 
Jofeph Correa de Serra, and afterwards adopted by the 
editors of the Coromandel Plants, vol. ii. PI. 141. 
FERRACI'NO (Bartholomew), an ingenious felf- 
taught Italian mechanic and engineer, born at BalFano in 
the Vicentin, in 1692. His origin was fo humble, that 
his fird means of gaining a livelihood were by engaging 
in the employment of a lawyer of wood. In this fituation 
his natural genius broke forth, and directed him to the 
invention of a law to be worked by the wind, which fully 
anfwered his expectation, and performed the work to 
which it was applied with exaCtnefs and expedition. He 
alfo invented an hydraulic engine, formed on the principle 
of Archimedes’s fcrew, which raifes the water to the 
height of thirty-five feet. Another of his labours, by 
which pofterity may form a judgment of his genius and 
talents, is the noble bridge over the Brenta at Baflano, 
which is equally admired for boldnefs of conception and 
folidity of conflruCtion. He died not long after he had 
completed this undertaking; and an account of his life 
and inventions was publilhed at Venice, in 1764, by M. 
Francis Memo, in quarto. 
FER'RAND (Louis), a learned Frenchman, and a law¬ 
yer by profellion, though principally known by his writ¬ 
ings in theology and biblical literature, He was born at 
F E R 
Toulon, in 1645, and ftudied at the college in that city, 
whence he afterwards went to Lyons, to be inftruCted in 
the Hebrew and other oriental languages. Of his profi¬ 
ciency he gave early proof, by publifliing, before he was 
nineteen years old, A Paraphrafe on the feven peniten¬ 
tiary Pfalms. When he was twenty years of age he re¬ 
moved to Paris, and thence to Mentz, with the defign of 
employing himfelf on a tranflation of the Bible from the 
original Hebrew. Not meeting, however, with fufficient 
encouragement, he returned to France, and, applying to 
the ftudy of the law, took his degrees at Orleans, and was 
admitted an advocate of the parliament of Paris. In 1670 
he printed a work entitled Confpettus five Synopfis Libri He - 
braid qui inferibitur, Annales Regum Francia , & Regum Donius 
Othomanica, confiding of a plan of annals of the kings of 
France and the Ottoman emperors. Being encouraged 
to purfiie his literary undertakings by the prelident de 
Mefmes, in 16 79 he publifhed Reflections on the Chriftian 
Religion, containing Explanations of the Prophecies of 
Jacob and Daniel relating to the Advent of the Mefliah, 
2 vols. nmo. abounding in much curious chronological 
and hiftorical matter. In 1683, he publifhed a Commen¬ 
tary on the Pfalms, 4to. in the Latin language, of which 
modern commentators have greatly availed themfelves. 
When, in 1685, the edict of Nantz was revoked, he ap¬ 
peared in the character of a controverfial writer, and pub- 
liflied A Treatife of the Church againft Heretics, and 
particularly againft the Calvinifts, and An Anfwer to the 
Apology for the Reformation, the Reformers, and the 
Reformed; which proved extremely acceptable to the 
French catholic clergy. His next production was The 
Pfalter, in Latin and French ; fucceeded by A Letter, 
and a Difcourfe, intended to prove the monachifm of St. 
Auguftine, in oppolition to the opinion of mod: other 
critics. His laft work was A Collection of Differtations, 
&c. on the Bible, in the Latin language, of which he did 
not live to publifh more than one volume, which appeared 
after his death under the new title of Dijfertationes Criticut 
de Hebraa Lingua, &c. 1701, 8vo. M. Ferrand died in 
1699, when fifty-four years of age. 
FERRANDI'NA, a town of Italy, in the kingdom of 
Naples, and province of Bafilicata: fifteen miles fouth« 
weft of Matera. 
FERRAN'DUS, furnamed Fulgentius, a deacon of 
the church of Carthage in the fixth century, an African 
by birth, and a difciple of St. Fulgentius, bifhop of Rufpa. 
He was a very early controverfial writer; and the moft 
confiderable of his works is A Collection of Ecclefiaftical 
Canons, for reftoring difeipline in the churches of Africa, 
which is one of the firft and moft ancient collections of 
canons among the Latins. It was publilhed at Paris by 
M. Pithetts, together with Crefconius’s abridged collec¬ 
tion of canons, in 1388, 8vo. Bcfides the above, there 
are (till extant An Exhortation to Count Reginus, re- 
fpeCting the Duties of a Chriftian Captain ; a Life of St. 
Fulgentius, Bifhop of Rufpa ; two Letters to Fulgentius; 
and fotne other remains, which were collected by father 
Chiffiet, and publifned at Dijon, in 1649, 4to. From 
Chifflet’s edition, the works of Ferrandus have been trans¬ 
lated into the ninth volume of the Bibliotheca Patrum. 
Ferrandus died in 551. 
FER'RAR (Nicholas), third fon of an eminent mer¬ 
chant in London, born February 23, 1592. His child¬ 
hood and youth were diftinguiftted by little incidents, and 
by the confiderable advancement which he made in fei- 
ence and other accompli(hments. At the univerfity, he 
was confpicuous for virtuous and amiable manners, and 
for great proficiency in different parts of learning. He 
left his college with many teftimonies .of applaufe and 
efteem ; and, under the fame advantage, he feems to 
have purfued his travels into different parts of Europe 5 
for every where lie gained refpeCt, which even his en¬ 
deavours for concealment could not prevent. Concern¬ 
ing this part of his hiftory, we (hall infert the teftimony 
that was given of him after his deceafe, by Dr. Robert 
Byng, 
