F I S 
not be found expedient to put fait to them in the barrel. 
And for the prefervation of the roes of fifli by themfclves, 
the fame pickle, with a final] portion of fait and fugar, 
or melaffe's mixed! with the fait, will fuffice. A id the 
pickle, with the ufual proportion of fait, will 'infwer for 
the flavouring of every kind of fifli, and they may be 
cured together with their heads and roes; but, on account 
of the oil and filth which the heads and roes contain, it 
is preferable to fever the heads, and rake out the entrails, 
as the only effectual means of eradicating the noxious 
qualities which would othe-rwife adhere to them.” 
Oyster Fishery. —This lias become of late years a 
very confiderable article of’traffic, and is principally car¬ 
ried on at Colcheflcr in EfTcx ; Feverfham and Milton in 
Kent ; the Ifle of Wight ; the Swales of the Medway ; 
and Tenby on the coaft of Wales. From Fe-vqrflvam, 
and adjacent parts, the Dutch have fometimes loaded a 
hundred- large hoys with oyfters in a year. They are 
a]fo taken in great quantities near P rtfmouth, and in all 
tlie creeks and rivers between Southampton and Chi- 
chefter: many of which are carried by lea to Lone] n 
and to Colchefter, to be fed in the pits about Wavenhoe 
and other places. See the article Ostrea. 
Pearl Fishery. —This important gem fifliery is car¬ 
ried on upon feveral of the Aliatic (bores; in the gulph 
of Maffar near the ifland of Ceylon ; and on the eaftern 
coaff of Africa. For the different fpecies of fhell-fifh in 
which they are formed, and method of taking them, fee 
the article Pearl. 
The pfefent exifting laws for the regulation of our fifli- 
eries, are as follow : By r Eliz. c. 17, made perpetual by- 
3 Car. T. c. 4, no fi flier man (hall ufe any net or engine, to 
deftroy the fry of fifli : and perfons ufing nets for that 
purpofe, or taking falmon or trout out of feafon, or any 
fifh under certain lengths, are liable to forfeit twenty 
fhi 1 lings ; and juftices of peace, and the lords of leets, 
have power to put the afts in force. By 2 Hen. VI. c. 15, 
no perfon may fallen nets, &c. acrofs rivers to deftroy 
fifh, and difturb paffage of veffels, on pain of five pounds. 
By 31 Hen. VIII. c. 2, none fliall filh in any pond or mote, 
&rc. without the owner’s licence, on pain of three months 
iroprifonment. Under 22 & 23 Car. II. c. 25, and 4 Will. 
& Mary, c. 23, no perfon (hall take any fifh in any river, 
without the confent of the owner, under the penalty of 
ten (hillings for the ufe of the poor, and treble damage 
to the party grieved, leviable by diftrefs of goods ; and 
for want of diftrefs, the offender is to be committed to 
the houfe of correftion for a month : alfo nets, angles, 
&c. of poachers may be feized, by the owners of rivers, 
or by any perfons by warrant from a juftice of peace, &c. 
By 5 Geo. III. c. 14, perfons dealing or deftroying filh in 
fifh-potids, or receiving- ftolen fifli, are to be tranfported 
for feven years. And a forfeiture of five pounds to the 
owner of the fifhery, is made payable by perfons taking 
or deftroying, or attempting fo to do, any fifh in any river 
or other water within any inclofcd ground being private 
property. The fiat. 4 & 5 Anne, c. 21, was made for the 
increafe and prefervation of falmon in rivers in the coun¬ 
ties of Southampton and Wilts; requiring that no falmon 
.be taken between the ift of Auguft and 12th of Novem¬ 
ber, or under fize, &c. And by 1 Geo. I. c. 18, (altered 
as to the liver Ribble, by 23 Geo. II. c. 26,) falmon taken 
in the rivers Severn, Dee, Wye, Were, Oufe, &c. are to 
be eighteen inches long at leaft, or the perfons catching 
them (hall forfeit five pounds ; and fea-fifh fold mult be 
of the length following, viz. bret and turbot fixteen 
inches; brill and pearl fourteen ; codlin, bafs, and mallet, 
twelve; foie and plaice eight ; flounders feven ; whiting 
fix inches long, &c. on pain of forfeiting twenty (hillings 
to the poor, and the fifli. By 9 Geo. II. c. 33, perfons 
that import any fifh, contrary to 1 Geo. I. c. 18, for better 
preventing frefh fifh taken by foreigners being imported 
into this kingdom, *&c. fliall forfeit one hundred pounds, 
to be recovered- m the courts at Weftminfter, one moiety 
to informers, and the other to the poor; and mailers of 
F I S 419 
fmacks, hoys, boats, &c. in which the fifh (hall be im¬ 
ported, or brought oh-fhore, forfeit fifty pounds. 
Various ftatutes have been made as to the particular 
fup ly.and fale of fi(h in London and Weftminfter, viz. 
17 Rich. If. c. 9, appoints the mayor of London confer¬ 
va tor of the Thames. —10 & 11 Will. III. c. 4, 9 Anne, 
c. 26, 3 Geo. 11 . c. 27, and 2 Geo. III. c. 15, for regu¬ 
lating Bi'.linfgate market, the water bailiff’s duty, and 
the Fifh mo tigers’ company.—22 Geo. II. c. 49, to eftab- 
lifh an open filh-market in Weftminfter, has not, it is be¬ 
lieved, been ever j lit in force. — 30 Geo. II. c. 21, regu¬ 
lates the fifliery in the Thames and Medway; and 
24 Geo. II. c. 44, was pafted to proteft officers in their 
duty, under the feveral flatutes . againft foreftallers of fifli, 
See. — 29 Geo. II. c. 39, and 33 Geo. II. c. 27, were made 
to regulate the fale of fifh at ; he firft hand in the fifh-mar- 
kefs in London and Weftminfter ; and to prevent falefmen. 
ot fifli buying fifli to fell again on their own account; 
and to allow bret and turbot, brill and pearl, although 
under the refractive dimenfiens mentioned in 1 Geo. T, 
c. 18, to be imported and fold; and to punifti perfons 
who fliall take or fell any.fpawn, brood, or fry of fifh, 
unfizabie fifli, or fifh out of feafon, or fmeits under the 
fize of five inches. 
By this latter aft every mafter of a veffel is to give a 
true account of the feveral forts of filh brought alive to 
the Nore in his veffel ; and, if after fuclv arrival, he fhall 
wilfully deftroy or throw away any of the faid fifli, not 
being unwholefome or unmarketable, &c. he is liable to 
be committed to the houfe of correftion, and kept to hard 
labour for any time not exceeding two months, nor lefs 
than one. Stat. 2 Geo. III. c. 15, was enafted for the 
better fupplying the cities of London and Weftminfter 
with fifli, by means of fifli machines, and to reduce the 
exorbitant price thereof; and to proteft and encourage 
fifliermen. — For to much concerning the feveral national 
fifheries as relates to the commerce and navigation of the 
country, fee the article Navigation-act. 
The Newfoundland fifheries are regulated under 10 Sc 
11 Will. III. c. 24, 25. 15Geo.HI. c.31. 26Geo. III. 
c. 26. 28 Geo. 111 . c. 35. 29 Geo. Ill. c. 53.—Greenland 
fifliery, 4 & 5 Will. Sc Mary, c. 17. 1 Anne, c. 16. 26 
Geo. III. c. 41. 29 Geo. III. c. 53. The two latter conti¬ 
nued by 31 Geo. III. c. 43, and 32Geo. III. c. 22.—■ 
Southern whale fifliery, 26 Geo. III. c. 50. 28 Geo. III. 
c. 20. 29Geo.HI. c.53 —Britifli herring fifliery, 26 
Geo. III. c. 81. 27 Geo. III. c. 10.—Scotch fifheries, 13 
Geo. I. c. 30. 29 Geo. II. c. 23. 26 Geo. III. c. 106. 
FISH'ING,yi [from fijh.\ The occupation of a fiftier- 
man ; the art of catching fifli. The term is moft com¬ 
monly applied to the praftice of taking fifli in frefh-water 
rivers, ponds, and brooks, otherwife called angling ; be- 
caufe that art confifts in fnaring the fifh with a rod and 
line. 
Angling has of late years been reduced to fcientific 
rules; and that department of it which is condufted by 
means of the artificial fly, unquefiionsbly evinces great 
ingenuity and addrefs. As an amufement, it is certainly 
one of the moft pleating, innocent, and healthful, that 
can poflibly unbend the mind, or lead to the contempla¬ 
tion of tliofe delightful. feenes which luxuriant meads, 
meandering ftreams, the fong of birds, the buzzing of in- 
fefts, the dipping flight of the fwallow,. and the riling 
motion of the ftflies, perpetually and alternately bring 
into view. Add to this, that profit generally, rewards 
the purfuit, by furnifhing our tables witli a delicate and 
whoiefome difli; and enables us to fliew our love and re¬ 
gard for friends and neighbours, by dividing the fpoil 
occafionally amongft them. 
The firft objeft of a young angler ftiould be to^ provide 
himfelf with the neceflary. tackle, and inform himfelf cor- 
reftly of the various baits, both nat ral and artificial, with 
which all the different kinds of fifh can moft fucceisfuily 
be taken. In purchafing fiftiing-rods, be careful to choofe 
tliofe which are well made, fecurely jointed, and well 
feafoned. 
