F O L 
impotence, i tfolds its arms in defpair, and fits curfing in a 
corner. Collier. 
Both furl their fails and drip tliem for the fight; 
Then folded, (beets difmifs the ufelefs air. Drydcn. 
To inclofe ; to include ; to (hut.—We will defeend and 
fold him in our arms. Shakefpcare. 
Witnefs my Ton, now in the (hade of death, 
Whofe bright outfiiining beams thy cloudy wrath 
Hath in eternal darknefs folded up. Shakefpeare. 
To FOLD, v. n. To clofe over another of the fame 
kind ; to join with another of the fame kind.—The two 
leaves of the one door were folding, and the two leaves of 
the other door were folding. i Kings, vi. 34. 
FOLD'AGE, f The liberty of penning fheep in the 
night. 
FOLD'COURSE, f. The liberty of folding fheep; 
foldage. Phillips. 
FOLD'ING, f. The double ; the complication. 
FOLD'NET,y. A net with which fmall birds are taken 
in the night. 
FOLDERF.I'D, a town of Norway, in the diocefe of 
Drontheim : 114 miles north-noi th-eaft of Drontheim. 
FOLEN'GIG, or Folengius (John Baptift), a learned 
Italian monk, born at Mantua, 1111490. When he was 
fixteen years of age he entered into a benedidtine monaf- 
tery in his native city, and applied with fuch diligence and 
fuccefs to his ftudies, that he acquired a high reputation 
for his proficiency in literature and facred criticifm, at the 
fame time that he rendered himfelf the objedt of general 
efteem by his piety, charity, prudence, and amiable man¬ 
ners. By pope Paul IV. he was fent into Spain, in the 
quality of vifitor of the different benedidtine foundations 
in that country. After he had completed the bufinefs of 
his million he returned to his native country, where he ap¬ 
pears t,o have devoted the chief part of his attention to 
theological (Indies. He was fincerely defirous of reform¬ 
ing the date of ecclefiaftical difeipline, and of re-uniting 
Catholics and Proteftants in one communion. With this 
defign he applied himfelf to illuftrate the true fenfe of 
the facred feriptures. The firft fruits of his labours were 
Commentaries upon the Epiftles of St. James, St. Pe¬ 
ter, and the firft Epiftle of St. John, publiftied in 1555, 
8vo. This work met with great applaufe at its firft ap¬ 
pearance, and is ftill highly efteemed for the erudition and 
critical judgment which it di(plays. Another perform¬ 
ance of his, equally diftinguiflied by erudition, piety, and 
liberality, was A Commentary upon the Pfalms, printed 
at Bal'd in 1557, folio. Folengio died in 1559, in the 
feventieth year of his age. 
FOLEN'GO (Theophilus), known under the name of 
Merlin Coccaye , born.in 1491, of an ancient family at Cipa- 
chi, near the lake of Mantua. He ftudied polite literature 
under Virago Coccaio, and philofophy under Pomponaz- 
zi, and early difpiayed tokens of an acute and lively ge¬ 
nius. In 1507 he entered into the order of St. Benedibt, 
on which occafion he changed hisbaptifmal name of Jerom 
for Theophilus. Flis difpofition, however, was little cal¬ 
culated for the cloifter; and after palling a few years in 
the monaftery, an amorous pafiion caufed him to quit his 
habit, and follow a rambling life for the fpace of eleven 
years. During this period he took to writing his maccaronic- 
verfes, of which the firft edition appeared at Venice in 
1519, followed by a number of others. This fingular and 
whimfical kind of writing, the name of which fome de¬ 
rive from the Italian difh called maccaroni, confifts in inter¬ 
weaving with a ftaple of Latin verfe, a number of words 
and phrafes in the vernacular tongue, thrown in at ran¬ 
dom, and made to fit the metre by Latin terminations. 
Folengo, if not the inventor of this kind of verfe, was the 
firft who brought it into vogue. In his native language 
he wrote a bujlefque poem under the feigned name of Li- 
merno Pitocco, entitled Orlandino, firft printed at Ve¬ 
nice in 1526. This is a piece full of fancy and pleafantry, 
but foiled with many impurities. About the end of 1526 
F O L 535 
he returned to a religious life, and in the next year print¬ 
ed his Chaos del Triperuno, partly in verfe, partly in profe, 
deferibing the various incidents of his life, ending with his 
converfion. He then retired to a fmall monaftery of his 
order in the kingdom of Naples, where, in order to expi¬ 
ate the fault of his loofe writings, he compofed a poem in 
ottavu rima, entitled La Umanita del Figlio di Dio, 1533; 
but it met with few readers in companion with the others. 
He afterwards went to Sicily, and palled fome time at Pa¬ 
lermo, where he compofed a kind of drama, entitled La 
Pinta 0 la Palermila , which was a reprefentation of the 
creation, the fall, &c. It is preferved in MS. He alfo 
wrote fome chriftian tragedies, now loft. He died in 1544, 
in the monaftery of S. Croce de Campefe, in the territory 
of Padua, and was interred with great pomp. 
FOLEYKUN'DA, a town of Africa, in the country of 
Kantor. 
FOLFO'NA, a fmall ifland off the fouthernmoft angle 
of the ifland of Malta in the Mediterranean, betwixt 
which and the main ifland there is a padage for veffels, 
about a-mile broad. 
FOLIA'CEOUS, adj. [ foliaceus, from folium, Lat.] 
Confiding of laminae, or leaves.—A piece of another, 
confiding of an outer cruft, of a ruddy talky fpar, and a 
blue talky foliactous fpar. Woodward. 
FO'LI AGE, f [folium, Lat. feuillage, Fr.] Leaves; 
tufts of leaves 5 the apparel of leaves to a plant.—The 
great columns are finely engraven with fruits and foliage , 
that run twilling about them from the very top to the bot¬ 
tom. Addifon. 
When fwelling buds their od’rous foliage filed, 
And gently harden into fruit, the wife 
Spare not the little offsprings, if they grow 
Redundant. Philips. 
7 b FO'LI AGE, v. a. To manufacture like foliage.— 
Replete with duft the foliag’d velvet. Skenfone. 
FO'LI ATE, f in geometry, a curve of the fecond or¬ 
der. De Moivre. 
ToFO'LIATE, v.a. [foliatus, folium, Lat.] To beat 
into laminas or leaves.—Gold foliated, or any metal foli¬ 
ated, cleaveth. Bacon. —If gold be foliated, and held be¬ 
tween your eyes and the light, the light looks of a green- 
ifh blue. Newton. 
FOLIA'TION, f lfoliatio, folium, Lat.] The a£t of 
beating into thin leaves. — In botany, foliation is one of the 
parts of the flower, being the collection of thofe fugacious 
coloured leaves called petala, which conftitute the corol¬ 
la, and fometimes guard the fruit which fucceeds the fo¬ 
liation, as in apples and pears, and fometimes (land within 
it, as in cherries and apricots; for thefe, being tender and 
pulpous, and coming forth in the fpring, would be in¬ 
jured by the weather, if they were not clofed up within 
their flowers. Quincy. —There are ten modes of foliation, 
viz. involution, revolution, obvolution, convolution, im¬ 
brication, equitation, conduplication, plaiting, reclina- 
tion, and circinal or fpiral. See the article Botany, and 
correfpcndent Engravings. For the method of foliating, 
or tinning looking-glades, fee the article Gi.ass. 
FO'LIATURE, f. [folium, Lat.] The date of being 
hammered into leaves. 
FOLI'GNO, a town of Italy, in the date of the church, 
and province of Umbria, the fee of a bilhop, immediately 
under the pope ; celebrated for its confectionary, paper- 
mills, and filk manufactures. It contains eight churches, 
and twenty-three convents. In February, 1795, this town 
was taken b’/ the troops of the French republic : ten 
miles fouth-weft of Nocera. 
FO'LIO, /. [ in folio , Lat.] A large book of which the 
pages are formed by a fiieet of. paper once doubled.— 
Plumbinus and Plumeo made Ids progrefs in knowledge, 
though they had read over more folios. Watts. —A leaf, a 
page ; the figure fet at the top of the page. 
FO'LlOMOR'i , adj. [ folium mortuum , Lat.] A dark 
yellow ; the colour of a leaf faded 5 vulgarly called phi. 
lomot. 
