FRA 
of Jourdan, to evacuate all his pofitions on the Suabian 
tide of the Rhine, with the exception of Kehl, and a 
temporary fortification at Huningen. 
The imperial troops, in the mean time, had taken ad- 
vantage of the defencelefs fiate of the French frontier to 
crofs the Rhine at Manheim, and to advance in various 
detachments to Weifl'emburg, Seitz, Hagenau, and almoll 
to the gates of Stradmrg. Thefe detachments being now 
recalled, the archduke refolved to terminate the campaign 
by the capture of Kehl, and the fortification at Huningen. 
But this proved no eafy talk. A great part of the winter 
was fpent in fruitlefs attempts on the part of the Andrians, 
fometimes to take them by dorm, and fometimes to reduce 
them by a regular liege. Different fallies were made by 
the French, and immenfe numbers of men were loft on 
both Tides by the fword, and by the feverity of the fea- 
fon. It was not till the ioth of January 1797, that the 
French agreed to evacuate Kehl ; and the fortification at 
Huningen was not given up till the lucceeding month. 
The republican army in Italy was commanded by Bo¬ 
naparte, and oppofed by the Andrian general Beaulieu. 
The French amounted to about 85,000 men. Bonaparte 
on his arrival to take the command, found it ill equipped, 
and the troops mutinous for want of neceflaries. He ad- 
drelfed them, however, in the ftyle of military enterprife : 
If we are to be vanquifhed, we have already too much ; 
and if we conquer, we (hall want nothing;” and ordered 
them to prepare for immediate adtion. The Andrian 
army under general Beaulieu is faid to have more than 
equalled the French in number. To thefe were united 
the king of Sardinia’s army under count Colli, of 60,000 
regular troops, befides the militia of the country, and a 
Small body of Neapolitan cavalry, amounting to about 
5500 men. 
General Beaulieu made the firft movement on the 9H1 
of April 1796, by attacking a pod: called Voltri, which 
the French podeded, within fix leagues of Genoa. They 
defended themfelves till the evening, and then retreated 
to Savona. Next morning Beaulieu, at the head of 15,000 
men, preding upon the centre of the French army, was 
completely fuccefsful till one o’clock in the afternoon, 
when he reached a redoubt at Montenotte, which was 
the lad of their entrenchments. This redoubt contained 
1500 French. Their commander, Rampon, prevailed 
with them, in a moment of enthufiafm, to fwear that they 
would not Surrender ; ant^ the confeqttence was, that they 
arrelied the progrefs of Beaulieu for the remainder of the 
day. During the night, Bonaparte Rationed his right 
wing under Laharpe, a Swifs exile, in the rear of the re¬ 
doubt of Montenotte, which dill held out, while he him- 
felf, with Madena, Benhier, and Salicetti, advanced by 
Altara, to take the Aufirians on their flank and rear. 
Beaulieu, in the mean time, had received powerful rein¬ 
forcements, and on the morning of the nth renewed the 
attack on the French under Laharpe ; but Madena foon 
advancing upon the flank of the Audrians and Sardinians, 
they gave way on all fides. Two of their generals, Roc- 
cavina and Argenteau, were wounded ; and they lod 2500 
prifoners. 
On the 13th at day break, the defiles of Millefimo were 
forced by the French general Augereau ; and by a hidden 
TnoveVnent, general Provera, at the head of 1500 Au- 
flrian grenadiers, was furrounded ; a circumdance which 
proved not a little embarrafling to the French army. For 
this refolute officer, inltead of furfendering, indantly re¬ 
tired to a ruined cadle on the top of the mountain, and 
there entrenched himfelf. Augereau brought up his ar¬ 
tillery, and fpent many hours in attempting to diflodge 
him. At lad he divided his troops into four columns, 
and endeavoured to carry Provera’s entrenchments by 
dorm. The French lod two generals, Banel and Quenin, 
and Joubert was wounded in this attempt, which proved 
-unfuccefsful. Provera palled the night in the midfl of the 
French army, which had been prevented by his obflinate 
refiflance from coming to battle. Oh the 14th the hodile 
N C E. S-IQ 
armies faced each other, but a aivifion of the French 
troops was dill occupied in blockading Provera. Th.c 
Andrians attempted to force the centre of the French, but 
without fuccefs. Malfena, in the mean time, turned the 
left flank of their left wing near the village of Dego ; 
while Laharpe, with his divifion in three clofe columns, 
turned the right flank of the fame wing. One column 
kept in awe the centre of the Audrians, a fecond attacked 
the flank of their left wing, while the third column gained 
its rear. Thus was the left wing of the combined army 
completely furrounded and thrown into confudon. Eight 
thoufand men were, on this occafion, taken prifoners, and 
general Proveraat lad furrendered. 
Thefe victories were not gained over a timid or an in¬ 
active adverfary. On the morning after his fatal defeat 
at Millefimo, Beaulieu made one of thofe fpirited efforts 
which often retrieve and alter the fortune of war. At 
the head of fevert thoufand chofen Audrians, he attacked, 
at day-break, the village of Dego, where the French re- 
pofed in fecurity after their fuccefs. He took the vil¬ 
lage; but the French, having rallied under Malfena, fpent 
the greater part of the day in attempting to retake if. 
They were thrice repulfed, and one of their generals, 
CaulFe, was killed. Towards evening, however, Bona¬ 
parte in perfon having brought up reinforcements, the 
pod was retaken, and the Audrians retired with the lofs 
of 1400 made prifoners. 
Bonaparte afterwards contrived to throw himfelf be¬ 
tween the Audrian and Sardinian armies. By pofl'effing 
the drong pod of Dego, his right was fecured againd the 
efforts of Beaulieu, while lie was enabled to aCt with the 
mafs of his force againd the Piedmontefe. His enter- 
prifes in this quarter were facilitated by the exertions of 
Augereau, who had opened a communication with the 
valley of the Tanaro, where Serrurier’s divifion was ap¬ 
proaching the town of Ceva, and near which the Pied¬ 
montefe had an entrenched camp defended by 8000 men. 
On the 16th', Augereau attacked the redoubts which co¬ 
vered this camp, which induced the Piedmontefe to eva¬ 
cuate it in the night ; and on the 17th. Ceva was entered 
by Serrurier. Count Colli now retreated to cover Turin ; 
making choice, however, of the dronged pods, and fight¬ 
ing in them all. He was able, on the 20th, to repulfe 
Serrurier ; but on the 2ad Bonaparte, dill preding on the 
Piedmontefe general, defeated him near Mondovi, and 
entered that place. The retreating army in vain made a 
dand, with its head quarters at Folfano, and its wings at 
Coni and Cherafco. On the 25th Malfena advanced 
againd Cherafco, which was fpeedily evacuated ; Folfano 
furrendered to Serrurier, and Alba to Augereau. 
Previous to thefe lad movements, however, count 
Colli, on the 23d of April, had written to Bonaparte,r 
queding an armidice, to allow the king of Sardinia an op¬ 
portunity of negociaiing a peace. The French army was 
now within twenty-fix miles of Turin; and that prince 
faw himfelf fuddenly reduced to the didrelling alternative 
of being clofely bedeged in his capital, or of accepting 
fuch terms as the conqueror might think fit to impofe. 
Bonaparte granted an armidice, on condition that the three 
fortrelfesof Coni, Ceva, and Tortona, diotild be delivered 
up to him, with their artillery and magazines, and that 
he fhould be allowed to crofs the Po at Valentia. The 
armidice was figned on the 29th, and it was followed by a 
formal treaty with the French republic, concluded at 
Paris on the 17th of May. The conditions inipofed on 
the fallen king of Sardinia were humiliating and fevere.* 
He furrendered to France forever the duchy of Savoy, 
and the counties of Nice, Jenda, and Breteuil. He gave 
an amnedy to all his fubjetifs that were profccuted for 
political opinions. He agreed that the French troops 
ihould have free accefs to Italy through his territory ; 
and, in addition to the fortred'es furrendered by the ar¬ 
midice, he gave up thofe of Exiles, Sufa, Brunette, 
Afliette, Chateau Dauphin, and Alexandria, to be pof- 
felfed by the French during the war,* ami they were au¬ 
thor! fed 
