5,4© FRA 
haflened with his ftaff from the head-quarters to recon¬ 
noitre ; but a difcharge of mutketry from a party of 
French rangers ftruck him almoft dead from his horfe, and 
the greater part of the officers around Iiim were either 
killed, wounded, or captured. Ilotze fell into the hands 
of the French, but expired in a few hours. General Kor- 
fakow now retired into Zurich, which the republicans 
immediately inverted. From this lituation Korfakow 
meditated a retreat; but in this operation he manifefted 
a fatal want of judgment. The road to Winterthur was 
open; but by that be fent only a fmall part of his troops 
a id baggage, advancing with iris main army towards Eg- 
lifau, where the French were in full force. Madeira's 
troops, w ho were ad vantageourty ported on heights com¬ 
manding the road, fud'ered them to approach, and then 
opened a tremendous difcharge of cannon and mutketry. 
The Ruffian regiments, though taken by furprife, per¬ 
formed prodigies of valour, ruffling with fixed bayonets 
on their adverfaries, and forcing them to give way : but 
as the regiments came individually into aCtion, they were 
fuccertively overwhelmed ; and, after being broken on all 
points, and lofingaconfiderable number of men, Korfakow 
forced his way to Eglifau, and with the remnant of his 
army hartily eroded the Rhine. This event, with the 
retreat of the Auftrians towards the Rhinthal, left eaftern 
Swilferland in the hands of the republicans. 
In the mean time generals Rofenberg and Suwavrow had 
palFed the St. Gothard, and arrived at a port beyond Wa- 
fen on the 25th of September. The Auftrian corps in 
the Grifons putting themfelves in motion to co-operate 
with the Ruffians, the French general Lecourbe, who had 
alfo moved on the fame day, found himfelf between the 
two columns, and was obliged to cut his way through the 
Aurtrians; after which he hartily evacuated Altorf, to 
cover the country of Underwald and the Engelberg. 
Meanwhile Suwarrow pufiied his advanced guard acrofs 
the Culemberg as far as Mutten on the 27th, where he 
full: heard of the difaftrous events which had happened 
to Hotze and Korfakow. The furprife of Suwarrow at 
learning the defeat of the Ruffian army, was not greater 
than that of Martena on being apprifed of his rapid ap¬ 
proach. It was now neceffary to crufh this enterprifing 
yetertri, or again to lofe the fmaller cantons. On a view 
of Suwarrow’s forces confiding of lefs than feventeen 
thoufand men, entangled among the defiles of that rugged 
country, Martena contemplated them as an cafy prey. 
On the 30th, Suwarrow put his army in motion by the 
Muttenthal; prince Pangrazion commanding his advanced 
guard, and Rofenberg the rear-guard. A F'rench divi- 
fion fent upon the Linth, having taken an advantageous 
pofition, and perceiving the approach of a fmall column 
of Ruffians under general Auffemburg, attacked, and, 
having almoft furrounded it, fummoned the general to 
furrender: inrtead, however, of yielding to this demand, 
he defended himfelf till prince Pangrazion came up, 
when the French were repulfed with great lofs. The 
main Ruffian army now arrived, and the next day the re¬ 
publicans were attacked in their politions, and driven from 
the mountains. Meanwhile Martena, having joined Le¬ 
courbe at Altorf, began a purfuit of the Ruffians in the 
valley of Mutten : but his advanced guard, confiding of 
four thoufand men, was repulfed by Rofenberg; and on 
the following day he himfelf, advancing with nearly 
feven thoufand men towards the fame point, met the fame 
fate. Thefe advantages gave the Ruffians peaceable pof- 
feffion of the road from the Schdeitz to Glarus, where 
Suwarrow collected his Tick and wounded. Being difap- 
pointed, however, in his expectation of a junction with 
feme Andrian corps, he was obliged to provide for the 
fafety of his army by retreating to the Rhine. 
When the archduke learnt the ill fuccefs of the allies, 
he felt alarmed at the dangers which menaced Suabia and 
£he country of the Grifons; and, leaving part of his force 
.Wider the command of prince Schwartzenberg for the 
N C E. 
protection of the Necker and Metn, he haflened to Do- 
nauefehingen, hoping to make a diverfion in favour of 
Suwarrow, by carrying the war into Zurich. This refo- 
1 tit ion was, however, too tardily adopted ; for before its 
execution Martena had occupied the canton with his 
troops. He alfo fent a divifion into the canton of Ap- 
penzel, to kefcp general Petrarch in awe ; and meditated 
a grand attack on the pofitions of the allies, for the pur¬ 
ple of driving them entirely on the other fide of the 
Rhine. I11 confequence, a rtrong column from his centre 
was detached againft the intrenched ports before the city 
of Conftance-; but, by the bravery of the corps of Conde, 
the alfailants were at firrt repulfed, though the corps was 
afterwards obliged to evacuate the city, and encamp on 
the other fide of the lake. In other points, the republi¬ 
cans were lefs fuccefsful ; they were defeated in an at¬ 
tempt againft the tete de pont at Diflenhoffen; and pre¬ 
vented, after being three times worded, from attacking 
that of Bufingen. Thefe three engagements, fought in 
one day, terminated the campaign in Swifferland. The 
total lofs of the allies from the 25th of September to the 
9th of October,' in this diftriCt, is calculated at about 
fifteen thoufand men ; that of the French at nine thoufand. 
When the republicans had obtained poffeffion of Swif- 
ferland as far as the Rhine, and Suwarrow had joined the 
allies in the Grifons, it was found that the contending 
armies were nearly equal. On one fide of the lake of 
Conftance, the troops which had returned with the arch¬ 
duke, joined to thofe which had remained upon the right 
ftiore, to the wreck of Korfakow’s army, to that of the 
prince of CondC, and to the Bavarian contingent, amount¬ 
ed to more than forty-five thoufand men. On the other 
fide of the lake, the junction of Suwarrow with the Au¬ 
ftrians, fupported by about five thoufand armed inhabi¬ 
tants ot the Grifons, the Voralberg, and the Tyrol, formed 
no lefs than thirty thoufand more. Martena, therefore, 
had feventy-five thoufand men againft him ; and though 
he had an equal number under his command, he could not 
bring them into the field, owing to the defective fupply 
of arms and ammunition, the want of pay and rations, 
and the difordered ftate of their equipment, which ren¬ 
dered them unfit for fervice. Many felt furprifed that 
no great exploit was attempted ; but it appears that 
prudential motives of great weight deterred the leaders on 
both fides. 
After repofing three days in the environs of Chur, Su¬ 
warrow effected, near the lake of Conftance, a junction 
with Korfakow’s troops on the 18th of October. Friendly 
communication was now no longer maintained between 
the Auftrian and Ruffian commanders. Suwarrow fixed 
his head-quarters at Lindaii till the end of October, 
without having had any interview with the archduke ; 
and then, quitting his pofition, he repaired in difguft to 
Prague, and afterwards continued his march into Ruffia, 
complaining of the want of fpirit and co-operation in the 
Auftrian army. 
In Italy, the numbers of the opportng armies were 
nearly equal, and the advantages of lituation were divided 
between them. Coni was the great objeCt towards the 
capture and defence of which the chief efforts of both 
parties were directed. General Melus, who commanded 
in chief, pufhed forward from Rivolta to Bra, where he 
united a difpofable force of between twenty-five and 
thirty thoufand men. Championnet had, at the fame time, 
drawn near Coni, and eftablifhed his head-quarters at 
Villa Valetta, and by a fpirited attack driven the imperial 
vanguard from Foffano and Sevigliano. The port was, 
however, recaptured on the enfuing day, the 17th of Sep¬ 
tember, after a fmart conteft, in which the French loft 
fifteen hundred men. The republicans being thus driven 
from this important port, Melas laboured to arreft their 
progrefs in the north of Italy^ and fuch were the exer¬ 
tions of the corps under prince ViCtor de Rohan in the 
Valais, that the French were beaten in feveral fpirited 
encounter. 
