F RA 
might be permitted to crofs the French cantonments, and 
retire behind the line of the Mincio, and that a truce 
.fhould be eftabliflied, and not broken without ten days 
notice. The general afpeCt of affairs did not allow the 
cabinet.of Vienna to refufe the ratification of this inglo. 
rious compaCt; and in a few days Genoa was reltored by 
prince Hohenzollern to general Suchet. 
By thofe who are fo much prejudiced.againft Bonaparte 
as to deny him talents, the fuccefs of this battle has been 
afcribed merely to an overfighrof his opponent; for they 
fay, that had not Melas too much defpifed his flrength, 
and even dilbelieved his having entered Italy at the time 
lie did, he would have oppofed him much earlier, and 
prevented his concentering his forces fo as to meet the 
Andrians on the fatal day of Marengo. The faCt is not 
1 -efs fingular than true, that the Andrians would not be¬ 
lieve that Bonaparte, with an additional army, was in 
Italy; they laid, that fome fellow refembling him had 
taken his name, and collected together a parcel of bri¬ 
gands; but that it was impodible he could have pafled 
the Alps with an army, when he was only a few days be¬ 
fore in France; and even Melas himfelf, in an intercepted 
letter written to bis midrefs at Pavia, obferves, “ They 
fay, in Lombardy, that a French army has entered Italy; 
but don’t be afraid ; and on no account leave Pavia.” In 
twelve hours after, the French were in that very city. 
The fuccefs of Bonaparte and the armidice in Italy 
having frudrated the principal hopes of the cabinet of 
Vienna, it remained only for the republicans to complete 
their attempts fo aufpicioudy commenced on the Danube, 
in order to crown ail their expectations, and return to 
Paris with the honours of univerfal victory. Moreau 
and Bonaparte had been correCtly informed of the pro¬ 
ceedings of each other, and, till the great blow was druck 
at Marengo, hodilities were relaxed in Germany. In or¬ 
der to keep Kray at a did.mce from Ulm, Lecourbe had 
proceeded towards the Lech, made himfelT^ mader of 
Auglburg, and threatened Munich ; but this attempt was 
not crowned with fuccefs, as Kray {till rerryiined in his 
camp urider the walls of Ulm. This city, being built on 
the left bank of the Danube, over which there is a bridge, 
is famous for the excellency of its fortifications; and it 
afforded the imperialids the advantage of acting at plea- 
lure on either fide of the river. When Moreau was ap- 
prifed of the event of the battle of Marengo, he prepared 
to pafs the Danube between Ulm and Donauwert; and 
achieved the exploit, after an obdinate relidance from 
general Sztaray, whc, being advantageoudy poded on the 
plain of Hochflet or Blenheim, difputed his ground with 
vigour and ability, though without fuccefs. The French 
were highly elated with this victory, which by compel¬ 
ling Kray to retreat and leave Ulm to its own drength, 
gained them podedion of part of the circle of Franconia, 
and that of the Lower Rhine from Suabia to the line of 
neutrality of the north of Germany protected by the king 
of Prudia. 
In a few days another engagement took place in the 
neighbourhood of Neubourg, which alfo terminated ad¬ 
vantageoudy to the French, and was rendered remark¬ 
able by the death of the celebrated Latour d’ Anvergne 
Corret. This extraordinary man derived his defcent from 
{be celebrated mardial Turenne, and had acquired a re¬ 
putation as well in literature as in arms. After his ex¬ 
ploits in the Wedern Pyrenees, he embarked for Brittany, 
but was captured, and for fome time a prifoner in Eng¬ 
land. He expired like Turenne, his great grandfather, in 
the arms of victory ; and his memory was honoured by the 
elevation of a monument on the very fpot where he fell. 
The Audrians were compelled lifter this engagement 
to retreat beyond the Ifer, and afterwards behind the Inn ; 
while the republicans, occupying almod all Bavaria, eda- 
blidied their head-quarters at Munich on the 5th of July. 
The imperialids defended the hereditary dates, from the 
banks of the Mein and the Rednitz to thofe of the Da¬ 
nube ; and following the courfe of the Inn, from the 
Vol. VII. No. 473. 
mouth of that river to the mountains which feparate the 
Tyrol from the Grifons, they abandoned the lower coun¬ 
try, to concentrate themfelves between the Inn, the Ty¬ 
rol, and thofe dates of Italy which remained to them after 
the convention of Marengo. The French troops formed 
an uninterrupted line from the fltores of the Rhine, near 
Frankfort, to thofe of the Mediterranean in the neigh¬ 
bourhood ot Lucca. In this pofition the providonal ar¬ 
midice edablifhed in Italy was extended to Germany, and 
it was agreed, that the French diould .not pafs beyond 
Ifer; that the imperialids diould retire to the right of 
the Inn, from the fource of that river to Paflau ; and the 
country dtuated between the Inn and Ifer and the Danube 
was declared neutral during the term of the armidice. 
Bonaparte, having confided the command of the army 
of Italy to Malfena, immediately returned to Paris, ac¬ 
companied by Berthier and a few other generals. In 
pading through Lyons, lie laid the fird done of feveral 
new buildings, intended to replace thofe which had been 
dedroyed during the reign of terror. He arrived in the 
capital in lefs than two months after quitting it, on this 
brilliant and important expedition ; and was received by 
all orders of the people with every heartfelt demonftra. 
tion of joy. 
Great Britain was now again the only formidable power 
capable of aefing againfl and keeping in check the un¬ 
bounded views of the victorious republicans* and her 
exertions were fendbly felt in all parts of the globe where 
France yet polfeded or wifhed to acquire an afcendancy. 
While the armies of the emperor were able tolceep the 
field, the Britifh fleet created continual alarms on the 
coad, and blocked up the fleets of the republicans in 
their own harbours. The Britifli forces alfo captured the 
ifland of Goree, and the Spanilh fettlement of Curajoa ; 
and, after a long blockade, made themfelves maflers of 
tjie ifland of Malta, which the French had feized upon 
and garrifoned in their way to Egypt. 
A congrefs to treat of peace was now eftablifhed at Lu- 
neville ; but although the emperor expreded a defire not 
to negociate except in conjunction with Great Britain, 
the French, convinced of his weaknefs, and affeCting to 
apprehend fome hoflile defign, prepared to re-coramence 
the war at the fird favourable moment. Brune, who had 
been lately promoted to the command of the army of Ita¬ 
ly, altered the wedern limits of the Cifalpine republic by 
feizing Lamellino and the Novarefe, which had been ceded 
to the king of Sardinia in 1707, and the Sedia formed the 
barrier between this republic and Piedmont. On pre¬ 
tence of fome inl'urreCtions of the inhabitants of Arezzo 
and the neighbouring moumains, general Brune ordered 
Dupont to occupy Tufcany; the fuppofed infurgents 
were defeated without difficulty in the Appennines ; the 
French took polfeflion of Prato, Pefchia, Pidoia, and Leg¬ 
horn ; and Arezzo was taken by aflault, the inhabitants 
madacred, and the fortifications razed to the ground. 
Moreau, who had juft married and retired into domeftic 
life, quitted in a moment the bridal bed to haften to his 
troops, who were rapidly collected. Augereau, at the 
head of the army of Holland, directed his march to the 
right of the Rhine, while Macdonald from the Grifons 
prepared to force a padage into Italy over thefnows which 
crown the Rhetian alps. The army of the Rhine thus 
haftily alfembled, was cantoned in Bavaria ; the right 
commanded by Lecourbe, the left by Grenier, and the 
centre by Moreau. Its operations were lupported on the 
Danube by the army of Sr. Suzanne, and the Gallo-Bata- 
vian troops under Augereau ; and on the right, in the 
Tyrol, by thofe of Macdonald. Before the commence¬ 
ment of his march, Moreau addrefied to his troops a pro¬ 
clamation, adoring them of the pacific difpotitions of their 
government, blaming count Cobenzel for refilling to ne¬ 
gociate for peace except in the prefence of Englidi pleni¬ 
potentiaries, and exhorting them to contemn the rigours 
of the feafon, as they had done in conquering Holland,- 
and defending Kehl, 
10 G 
After 
