FRA 
fhall difplay the fame moderation; and we hope that our 
people will not again be called to exhibit that courage 
and energy they have always fhewn in the defence of their 
lawful rights,” 
Paris was full of acclamation on this new acquifition of 
further dominion to France ; and on the 2d of May 1 805, 
the emperor and emprefs, with a numerous and fplendid 
retinue, commenced their journey over the Alps to the 
city of Milan, to receive at that place the crown of Italy. 
The folemnity ct the coronation took place amidft the 
whole alTemblage of the Italian legiflature, and fenators 
of the Ligurian republic. When the crown was placed 
on the head of Napoleon, he faid aloud, Dieu me la dome , 
gare a qui la touche !—“ God gives it me; woe to him that 
prefumes to touch it.” He then addreffed the numerous 
affembly, and all the condituted authorities, in the fol¬ 
lowing fpeech i. 
“ Legislators, —I have neglefted none of the ob¬ 
jects upon which my experience in adminidration could 
be ufeful to my people of Italy. Before I return acrofs 
the mountains, I (hall go over a part of the departments, 
to become better acquainted with their wants. I fhall 
leave depofitary of my authority this young prince, Eu¬ 
gene Beauharnois, whom I have brought up from his in¬ 
fancy, and who will be animated by my fpirit. 1 have 
betides taken meafures to direft, myfelf, thejnoft im¬ 
portant affairs of the date. 
“ Orators of my council will prefent to you a projeft 
of law authorizing my chancellor keeper of the feals, 
Melzi, to aft for four years, in the quality of depofitary 
of my authority, as vice-prefident; a domain which, re¬ 
maining in his family, may atted to his defendants the 
fatisfaftion 1 have felt from its fervices. 
“ I think I have given frefh proofs of my conflant re- 
folution to fulfil towards my people of Italy every thing 
they can expeft from me. I hope that in their turn they 
will be defirous of occupying the place that I deftine for 
them in my thought ; and they never will attain it, but 
by perftiading tfiemfelves that the force of arms is the prin¬ 
cipalfupport offates. It is time that youth who live in the 
idlenefs of great cities, fhould ceafe to fear the fatigues 
and dangers of war, and that they fhould enable them- 
felves to make their country be refpefted, if they wifh 
their country to be refpeftable. 
“ Gentlemen of the Legidative Body, Vie in zeal with 
my council of date, and by that concourfe cf wills to¬ 
wards the foie aim of the public profperity, give to my 
reprefentative the fupport he fnould receive from you. 
“ The Britiih government having received, with an 
evafive anfwer, the propofitions I made to it, and the king 
of England having imme. lately rendered them public by 
infulting my people in his parliament, I have feen the 
hopes confiderably weakened which I had conceived of 
the re-e da bli foment of peace. However, the French fqua- 
,drons have (ince obtained fuccefi'es to which I attach im¬ 
portance only becaufe they mud farther convince my ene¬ 
mies of the inutility of a war which affords them nothing 
to gain, and every thing to lofe.. The divifions of the 
flotillas and the frigates built at the expence of the 
finances of my kingdom of Italy, and which at prefent 
make a part of the French forces, have rendered ufeful 
fervices in many circumflances. I prelerve the hope that 
the peace of the continent will not be troubled ; and, at 
all events, I find, myfelf in a pofition to fear none of the 
chances of war : I fhall be in the midd of you the very 
momejit my prefence becomes neceffary for the preferva- 
tion of my kingdom of Italy.” 
After this fpeech, the emperor and king proceeded to 
found a new order of knighthood for the kingdom cf Ita¬ 
ly, to confid of fixty great officers of date, one hundred 
commanders, and five hundred knights. It is entitled 
the Order of the Iron Crown, and is to bear as a motto the 
above-mentioned fentence, fpoken by Napoleon when he 
received the crown. It was alfo ordered by an imperial 
decree, that the viceroy of Italy is to bear the title of 
N C E. 867 
ferent highnefs, and fhall fit on the throne to which his 
raajedy’s portrait is fixed, but fhall keep his head unco¬ 
vered j his highnefs, on entering the church, and on all 
other occafions where his majedy is not prefent, fhall be 
received like the king himfelf; and the princes and prin- 
ceffes, the emperor’s brothers and dders, whenever they 
go to Milan, fhall fird pay a vifit to the viceroy, where¬ 
upon he is to viiit them in return. When a crow ned head, 
in amity or alliance with France, arrives at Milan, the 
viceroy diall fird bid fuch prince welcome. No perfon 
is permitted to fit down in his prefence without his leave, 
except the princes and prir.ceffes, who may take their 
feats at the fame indant with him; and, whenever the 
king goes to vifit any individual, the mader of the h'oufe 
mud go to the door of the carriage to receive him. 
An intention was partly anounced of removing the feat 
of.the Italian government to Rome, the ancient metro¬ 
polis of the world.—A fplendid diadem, the produce of 
the improved date of the arts in Paris, was on this occa- 
fion exhibited at Milan ; and cardinal Fefch was dif- 
patched to Rome to prefent it to his holinefs the pope. 
This diadem, or tiara, is richly fet witli diamonds, ru¬ 
bies, and emeralds ; and there is one emerald at the top 
of it, fupporting the crofs, which weighs an ounce and 
three quarters. This large emerald had been preferved 
for feveral ages in the treafury of the Vatican, and was 
now, in this handfome manner, redored to the pope by 
Bonaparte, who had formerly taken it as plunder. 
The emperor and king left Milan on the 13th of May 
to vifit his Italian provinces. On the 17th he reached 
Genoa, and united the Ligurian republic to the French 
empire. This took place on the 2d of June. The refufal 
of Great Britain to acknowledge the Ligurian republic, 
was the reafon adigned by Napoleon for placing Genoa 
under the dominion of France, rather thin bf making it a 
member of the Italian kingdom. 
Thefe rapid advances of Bonaparte towards the a flump- 
tion of univerfai empire, were regarded by the principal 
courts of Europe with confideruble alarm. The emperor 
and king of Auftria and Germany, the emperor of Rudia, 
and even the referved Frederic-William king of Prudia, 
began to look more cordially towards the king of Great 
Britain, whofe power alone had operated as a check to 
the growing ambition of the new monarchy of France. 
The court of Berlin had offered its mediation to endea¬ 
vour to bring about a general peace ; and baron Novo- 
filtzoff had been difpatched to the Prufllan court from 
Peterfburgh, from whence he was to have proceeded to 
Paris, alter co-operating on a plan of pacific meafures 
jointly with the plenipotentiaries from London and Vi¬ 
enna, who were affembled at Berlin for this purpofe. But 
fr om the afi'umption of thefe new dignities and dominions 
by Napoleon, the fentiments of the king of Prudia became 
extremely agitated ; his mind felt more difpofed to encou¬ 
rage the war, or at lead to fift the motives of the French 
emperor’s late conduft, than to recommend a peace, with¬ 
out abridging the power which France had thus ambiti- 
oufly adorned. In conformity with this new project, baron 
Novofiltzoff, in the name of the emperor of Rudia, on the 
icth of July 1805, publidied the following manifedo, and 
then quitted Berlin to return to Peterlbnrg i 
“ When his majedy the emperor of all the Ruflias, in 
compliance with the wifhes of his Britannic majedy, had 
refolved to fend the underfigned to Bonaparte, to meet 
the pacific overtures which he had made to the court of 
London, his Rudian majedy w as guided by two fentiments 
and motives of equal force; namely, his defire, on the one 
hand, to fupport a fovereign who was ready to make ex¬ 
ertions and facrifices for the general tranquillity ; and, on 
the other hand, to procure advantages to all tile dates of 
Europe from fuch a pacific difpodtion. 
11 His imperial majedy of Rudia availed himfelf of the 
mediation of his Prutfian majedy, when he requeded pafl- 
ports for his plenipotentiary. He declared, that he fhould 
only receive them on that particular condition, namely, 
that 
