878 
FRANCE 
trian army in the way he did, which, at the beginning of 
O£to l 'er, reded upon that country. To diflodge the 
Andrians from the pofition they then occupied, he mud 
have attacked them in front; for no movement on his part 
could have enabled him to turn their right or left wing ; 
the former being protected by the neutrality of Anfpach, 
and the latter leaning upon the Lake of Condance. To 
have turned the right wing of the Audrians, it would be 
neceflary for the French to march to the northward of 
Anfpach, and then to drop into the Upper Palatinate, be¬ 
tween the country of Bayreuth, equally under the pro¬ 
tection of Prudia, and Anfpach. The left of the Auf- 
frians was, in like manner, incapable of being turned, as 
long as Napoleon refpeCted the neutrality of Swifferland. 
And therefore, that the misfortunes of the Andrian army 
were, in the fird indance, principally owing to the great 
advantages which the French obtained in the forced paf- 
fage through the Prudian territory, will be evident to any 
one who will take the trouble of examining the map of 
Germany, and comparing the different territorial demar¬ 
cations. 
The elector of Wirtemburg, and other princes of the- 
fmaller dates, were not in fituations to redd this unpre¬ 
cedented breach of faith; but the king of Prudia, with 
becoming dignity and fpirit, not only remondrated with 
vehemence againd it, but collected his armies, put his 
troops in motion, and almqft avowed his intention of tak¬ 
ing an aCtive part in the war, and of uniting his forces to 
thofeof the allied powers. Asa preliminary dep to fuch 
an alternative, he directed his minider, baron Von Har- 
denberg, to tranfmit an official note to marefchal Duroc, 
and M. Lafored, the French minider at Berlin, to be for¬ 
warded to the emperor Napoleon, complaining of the 
“ outrages which the French armies had committed in 
the Prudian territory of Anfpach ; which manifeded a 
wanton difregard of the facred rights of nations, and be¬ 
trayed a preconcerted determination to outrage and infult 
the government of his Prudian majefty.” 
This note was difpatched by a fpecial courier to the 
head-quarters of Napoleon, on the 14th of October ; and 
on the 26th of the fame month, a French envoy extraor¬ 
dinary arrived at the court of Berlin, with the reply of 
the French emperor. He peremptorily demanded, “That 
Prudia diould declare herfelf categorically, for or againd 
him.” After communicating this unlooked-for demand 
to the emperor Alexander, the cabinet of Berlin returnee! 
an anfwer, in which it profeffed its inclination to maintain 
peace with France, upon the following conditions: — 
“ That Naples fhould be evacuated by the French 
troops;—that the treaty of Luneville fhould be executed 
to its full extent;—that Swifferland and Holland fhould 
be declared independent ;—and that the regal dignity of 
Italy fhould be for ever feparated from the imperial dig¬ 
nity of France.” Ifthefe propofitions were acceded to, 
Ruflia promifed to evacuate Corfu : but if they were re¬ 
jected, the Prudian army would commence its operations. 
Thefe conditions were tranfmitted, with all poflible dtf- 
patch, to the head-quarters of the French emperor. 
Although Napoleon affeCted to difregard this menacing 
declaration of the Pruflian monarch, yet there is no doubt, 
but had his weight been added to the fcale in favour of 
the allies, confidering the number and difcipline of his 
troops, and his advantages in point of local fituation, the 
event might have turned the face of affairs to a very dif¬ 
ferent direction ; and it is neither impoffible, nor im¬ 
probable, but that the hafly career of the French, once 
Popped, and eventually turned, might have impelled 
them to relinquifh their conquefts, recrofs the Rhine, 
and feek refuge in their own proper dominions. But de¬ 
lay and procraftination had already been the ruin of the 
allies; while the rapid movementsand advantages gained 
hourly by the French army, added to an affefted defire on 
the part of Napoleon, of explaining and compenfating the 
outrages committed by his troops in Anfpach, foftened 
the king of Pruffia ; and the remiffton of 66,000 florins, 
in new gold, of the coinage of the emperor Napoleon, fent 
to Forth to be depofited in the Pruflian bank, as being 
the amount of the damage faid to have been occafioned by 
the march of the French troops through the neutral ter¬ 
ritory, appeared to have fuddenly changed the politics of 
the fordid Frederic-William, and difpofed him to look 
forward to a general peace. From this moment hi^ en¬ 
deavours were fet on foot to bring about fo defirable an 
end ; and inflruCfions were given to bis minider, M. 
Kaugwitz, to negociate with Talleyrand, and the pleni¬ 
potentiaries of the belligerent powers, on the neceflity of 
opening a congrefs for this purpofe. 
The favourite or ambitious projeCt of the French em¬ 
peror, however, was not to be impeded. Whatever 
might have been his public profeffions in favour of a ge¬ 
neral peace, lie was determined previoufly to humble, if 
not to crufh, the houfe of Auflria ; and he declared his 
intention of wading through a fea of blood to the conqueff: 
of Vienna. With this view, after the capture of Ulm, he 
pufhed forward ; neither intimidated by the immenfe 
body of Ruffians collecting (fo far behind their time) in 
Hungary and Wallachia ; nor by the levy cn majfe which 
had been ordered to take place throughout the Auffrian 
dominions. 
The firff important objeCt of the army was now to pafs 
the Inn, which was accomplished on the 28th of October, 
at five different points. On that day, about noon, three 
divifions of the army palled that barrier, and were fliortly 
afterwards followed by numerous detachments. Their 
movements were concerted and executed with incredible 
precifion. Bernadotte with his divifion eroded at Waf- 
lerburgh, and took a pofition at Altenmarkt, in the bifhop- 
ric of Saltzburgh. The Bavarians, under count Manucci, 
eroded at Roffenheim ; and Davouft, with thofe under 
his command, at MuhlaorfF. Murat, in like manner, 
palled at Oetting and Marekhl. It does not appear that 
they experienced much refolute oppofition in effecting 
this operation. The principal difficulties which they had 
to encounter were thofearifing from the deffruCtion of the 
bridges. Except in a flight fkirmilh at MuhldorfF, in 
which the Audrians had a few men of their rear-guard 
cut off, no lives were loft in forcing the paffage of that 
river. The corps of general Marmont palled the Inn at 
Brannau. The Ruffians and Audrians retired, in a great 
hurry, to Lintz, their retreat to Saltzburgh being cut off. 
The corps of marefchal Soult paffed the Inn by the 
bridge of Wafferburgh, and formed a junction with that 
of marefchal Bernadotte. The head-quarters were now at 
Muhldorf, where the emperor Napoleon was lodged for 
two days in an inn. His generals, for want of beds, llept 
on draw. He was himfelf inceffantly occupied in dictating 
orders to his adjutants for the divifions of his army. He 
never took off his clothes, and flept only a few hours on a 
fofa. The greateft part of his army now advanced upon 
Lintz, Rhied, and'Saltzburgh. 
On the 2d of November prince Murat quitted Rheid ; 
and after fever^l fkirmilhes with forne bodies of Auftrians 
and Ruffians, forced them to Lambach, in the archduchy 
of Auflria. Almoft at the fame time another divifion of 
the French army took poffeffion of that town ; while a 
third divifion, under marefchal Davoufl, keeping their 
great object, Vienna, in view, advanced beyond Lambach 
to Steyer. Marefchal Soult being now at Wells; Ladies 
near Lentz ; and general Marmont on his march for the 
purpofe of turning the Auflrian pofition on the banks of 
the Enns; while Davouft pufhed his advanced poll nearer 
to Steyer; and the Austrians, fearful of being turned by 
Marmont, relinquifhed their pofition on the Enns, and 
quitted their polls in every part of the country. A 
part of the army endeavoured to efcape by the road to 
Carinthia, but were cut off by Kellerman. 
As foon as prince Murat had made Lambach fecure, 
lie marched forward and took poffeffion of Lintz, where 
lie found feveral hundred thoufand florins, befides every 
thing that was neceffary to recruit his army, ftores of all 
forts, 
