not  seen  at  our  first  visit.  Our  first  encounter  with  Glossina 
morsitans  was  near  Broken  Hill  in  July ;  not  a  single  specimen  could 
be  found  at  the  same  time  on  the  following  afternoon,  though  the 
conditions  of  sun,  wind  and  temperature  were  apparently  identical. 
It  is  unanimously  stated  by  all  who  have  known  this  territory  for 
any  time,  that  the  area  of  distribution  for  Gl.  morsitans  is  increasing. 
A  noteworthy  case  is  that  of  the  Chinsali  district. 
The  present  Native  Commissioner  was  one  of  the  first  Europeans  in  the 
country,  and  reached  Chinsali  in  i8g6.  As  one  who  had  served  in  Southern 
Rhodesia  previously,  he  was  keenly  alive  to  the  importance  of  tsetse,  and  paid 
special  attention  to  its  occurrence,  since  he  had  been  led,  on  coming  into  the 
country  via  Nyasa  and  the  Tanganyika  Plateau,  to  consider  it  one  suitable  for 
horses.  At  that  time,  1896,  from  his  own  observations  and  from  all  reports  he 
could  receive  from  natives,  Glossina  was  limited  in  that  part  of  the  country  now 
forming  his  district  to  the  neighbourhood  of  Itwa  and  the  Chichera  River.  A 
map  made  in  1903,  as  the  result  of  a  special  tour,  shows  the  extent  of  the  area 
then  invaded,  and  to-day,  with  small  exceptions,  local  and  themselves  uncertain, 
the  whole  district  is  under  the  influence  of  Glossina  morsitans.  The  natives  of  this 
district  are  agreed  in  considering  that  the  fly  has  enormously  increased  its  ranges 
within  recent  years.  This  is  reflected  in  the  figures  of  native-owned  cattle,  which 
have  decreased  from  149  held  by  twenty-one  owners  in  1905,  to  eighteen  owned  by 
four  men  in  1907,  and  we  were  told  b}'  this  official  that  in  all  probability  there 
are  now  none  (May,  1908).  We  were  informed  of  two  specific  cases.  In  1903  a 
chief  settled  in  the  district  bringing  with  him  healthy  cattle  and  sheep.  All  died 
within  two  years,  tsetse  having  encroached  upon  the  land  selected.  A  European 
on  leaving  for  England  in  1907  gave  a  drove  of  13  pigs  to  a  chief  living  on  the 
fringe  of  the  then  fly-free  country.  Within  three  months  these  animals  were  all 
dead  and  the  tsetse  now  surround  his  village. 
There  are  several  areas  on  the  Tanganyika-Nyasa  plateau  and 
other  supposed  fly-free  districts  which  correspond  superficially  with 
what  we  consider  suitable  morsitans  country,  and  there  appears  no 
reason  why  it  should  not  continue  to  extend.  The  existence  of 
considerable  open  grass  land  in  all  these  districts,  however,  will  so 
intersect  its  distribution  as  to  prohibit  the  infection  of  more  than 
local  strips  which  are  in  continuity  with  the  permanently  infected 
zones. 
Association  with  game. 
The  question  of  the  association  of  ‘  game  ’  and  Gl.  morsitans  is 
acutely  discussed  in  Northern  Rhodesia,  and  was  ventilated  in  the 
Field  towards  the  end  of  1907.  Owing  to  our  temporary  acquaint¬ 
ance  with  the  country  we  are  naturally  not  in  a  position  to  make 
emphatic  pronouncements,  but  we  may  record  here  our  observations 
on  the  diet  of  this  fly.  The  game  of  North-Eastern  Rhodesia  with 
which  we  came  in  contact  may  be  roughly  grouped  according  to  the 
